1) The document analyzes the goat value chain in Abergelle Woreda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia through focus group discussions and key informant interviews.
2) It finds that the traditional production system has low productivity due to drought, disease challenges, and lack of improved inputs and services. Marketing is also unorganized with producers having low bargaining power.
3) Opportunities exist in the available breed, land for forage development, water resources, labor, and access to markets, but the value chain requires intervention to strengthen linkages between actors and improve efficiency.
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Waq-Abergelle Goat Value Chain Analysis: The case of Abergelle Woreda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
1. Waq-Abergelle Goat Value Chain Analysis:
the case of Abergelle Woreda, Amhara
Region, Ethiopia
Lijalem Abebaw, Leulseged Kassa, Tewodros Alemu, Getachew Legesse
Multi-stakeholder Workshop for Targeting Action Research on Atsbi sheep
and Abergelle goat Value Chains in Tigray, Ethiopia
Mekelle, 19-20 March 2013
2. Description of Abergelle woreda
Particulars Unit Quantity
Human Population No 47106
Male No 23964
Female No 23142
Livestock
population
No 261,544
Goat and sheep No 147,557
Land use %
Arable land % 10
•15 Kebeles in the woreda.
• The farming system (crop-livestock mixed dominated by
livestock)
3. Methodology
FGD
Method of the study
focus group discussants
Farmers(including women’s),
collectors, traders
Key informant interview
SMS of the woreda, kebele
and Veterinary shop owners
Collectors and traders
Woreda administrater
Head of Abergelle woreda
agriculture office
Abergelle woredaTrade and
transport head
Waghimera zone experts
5. 1. Input supply
Breeding Stock
purchases, gifts, inheritance, share goat rearing, and
PSNP
There is no improved breed introduced with in the area.
Feed supply
No supplementary feed supply except for kids(cow pea
haulm, sorghum strove for old goats)
No private feed supplier
Veterinary Service
AWAO provide service(5 animal health posts, 3
animalhealth workers, and one DVM at woreda level)
No private vet. Service.
Credit Service
ACSI(18%). HABP(10% interest).
6. 2. Production
Feeding
Feed (free browsing and grazing); Seasonality of
feed and rainfall
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rainfall
Score
(0-5)
Feed
Availability
(%)
Feed availability Rainfall score
7. Breeding
Abergelle is the only breed
short ear, small body size, drought resistant, has
testy meat, do not lose significant weight while giving
birth and milking
Farmers buck and does selection criteria: prolificacy,
milk yield, and frequency of birth giving, physical
appearance, and color.
Traditional believe: “The farmer will lose his flock if
his buck serve another farmer’s does”
Lack of awareness about inbreeding and its effects
8. Cont’d…
Animal health
PPR, goat pox, Orf, Actinomycosis and
Pasteurellosis, Mange, Lice, Coenurosis and
Moniezia expansa.
The farmers’ also ranked disease is their major
constraint in goat production.
However, it seems impossible to give the service
due to shortage of drugs, equipment and skilled
labor.
9. Housing
Two types: rainy (caves and roofed house) and dry
season
Main Stock
Barn
Kids Barn
10. 3. Processing
Actors are butcheries, hotels and restaurants.
slaughter and prepare meat for consumption
Abergelle Abattoir as an actor
Removing hide, chilling the whole carcass and
wrapping the carcass with cotton fabric and
transport in a cold chin up to the cargo plane.
11. 4. Consumption
Domestic and export
Milk
Women’s do not drink milk due to traditional believe
women’s get strong and unable to control by men
Meat
During holidays (Easter and new years)
Urban dwellers, defense force
Foreign consumers buy processed meat from whole
sellers and retailers in their home country.
13. Major marketing Channels
Marketing ChannelMap of Abrgele amhara goat vc.docx
Channel one: Local consumers, restaurants and hotels
buy from producers
Channel two: smallholder producers sell to farmers for
breeding
Channel three: Bulk consumers buy goats that pass
through collectors and traders from producers
Channel four: The Export abattoir /market buy goats
from farmers, collectors and traders
Channel five: big town consumers buy goats from
14. Actors in goat value chain
Producers: - sell goats to get income for household
expenses
Collectors: - most are farmers do as part time. Buy up to
20 goats
Small traders: - buy 30-50 goats at a time
Big traders: - These traders buy up to 100 goats at a time.
Retailers: - buy in bulk and retail to customers
Export Abattoir: - Abergelle abattoir buys goats less than
two years.
Butchers: - slaughter and sell slicing and roasting meat to
consumers.
15. Distribution of Costs and Margins
Category Marketing
cost
Marketing
margin
Net
marketing
margin
Producers
share of
final price
Proportion
of value
added
Channel
one(Hotels
and
restaurants)
238 465 181 42% 38%
Channel
two(butchers)
6 285 279 53% 49%
16. Transport
two modes of transportation
Trekking and trucking
Traders transport goats via ISUZU truck. During holydays
seven ISUZU trucks per week out flow to Mekele town
while three ISUZU trucks per week during normal
marketing days.
The mortality rate is on average two goats per one ISUZU
truck. One truck loads 70-100 goats.
The average transport cost per head of goats is 20
Ethiopian Birr.
The volume of goats out flow from fenarewa via trekking is
two third of the total volume inflow to Mekele town.
2/3 goes via trekking; and 1/3 via Isuzu and ORAL truck
17. Gender disparities
male keep goats
women’s look after kids and old goats around
homestead
Men’s sell goats
Women’s sell butter
Market information
from neighbor sold goat before a week
Traders from their customers
No organized market information system
18. Input supply constraints
Lack of credit service:
ACSI 18% is not affordable by smallholder farmers
HAB program interest rate (10%) benefit small number
of food insecure farmers.
Feed Shortage: due to long dry season leaves of
trees and bushes shade causes body weight lose,
even death of goats
Lack of skilled animal health extension workers
Financial constraint to buy materials and drugs
Lack of rural road
Lack of transport facilities
Shortage of vet. equipment
Constraints along the VC
19. Production constraints
Disease: - farmers ranked first production constraint
Low productivity of Abergelle breed
Traditional feeding practice
Marketing constraints
Lack of supply during dry season (March, April, May
and June)
Lack of market Information
Multiple taxation
Lack of vertical linkage
Weak horizontal linkage
20. Opportunities
Government development focus and large flock size of
goats:
Of the total 261,544 livestock, shoat accounts about 147,557.
Availability of preferred Abergelle breed ecotypes
eg. Ambadago and Aresgie villages
Availability of large area for forage development
only 9.9% arable land and 2.5% for settlement.
88% forest, bush and other land uses
21. Cont’d…
Availability of Water: - Abergelle woreda is endowed with rivers (Tirary,
Zamera etc.) and Tekezie artificial lake.
Availability of adapted forage species:- SDARC has verified the adaptability
of forages like cowpea, lablab, and elephant grass.
Labor availability: - There are many unemployed youth in the area who have
a great interest to involve in modern goat production.
Market access:- bulk consumers like defense force (Semien Eze), Mekele
urban dwellers and Abergelle export abattoir are the potential buyers of
Abergelle goat.
22. Conclusion
Traditional production system
Low productivity of the breed
Drought, poor input and service delivery systems
Unorganized marketing system and low bargaining
power of producers
Weak horizontal and vertical linkages among the
different actors
To develop goat VC, improve its efficiency and
maximize benefit of actors, there is a need to develop
short, medium and long intervention plans (purpose of