4. Management Activities Model of Management Planning Defining goals and establishing action plans Controlling Monitoring activities to ensure that they are achieving results Leading Guiding and motivating all involved parties Organizing Determining what needs to be done, in what order, and by whom Effective Management

6. Management Levels (typical) SOURCE: Adapted from Thomas V. Bonoma and Joseph C. Lawler, “Chutes and Ladders: Growing the General Manager,” Sloan Management Review (Spring 1989), 27-37.

9. A Definition of Personnel Management Managing personnel is the process of making sure the employees (not the customers) are as productive as they can be. This can include hiring, firing, or transferring people to/from jobs they can do most productively.

10. A Definition of HRM? Human resource management is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques (Storey J., Human Resource Management - A Critical Text)

17. Evolution of HR in the Subcontinent (Specially in India) Period Development Status Outlook Emphasis Status 1920-1930 Beginning Pragmatism of Capitalists Statutory, welfare, paternalism Clerical 1940-1960 Struggling for recognition Technical, legalistic Introduction of techniques Administrative 1970-1980 Achieving sophistication Professional, legalistic and impersonal Regulatory, conforming, imposition of standards on other functions Managerial 1990-2000 Promising Philosophical Human Values, Productivity through people Executive 2000- Strategic Professional Dynamism Business Partner and change agent