Screening indigenous mycopesticides for DBM control.Field efficacy of Bba5653,Impact of Bba5653 on cabbage yield,Cost-effective production of Bba spores.
ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
Mycopesticide development for vegetables
1. Mycopesticide development for vegetables
Ignace Godonou and Braima James
Presentation at 2009 R4D week, IITA, Ibadan
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Problems
Vegetables are prone to severe pest attack
Prevalence of inappropriate pesticide regimes
Health hazard and environment pollution
The need
Increase farmer access to biological pesticides
Our response
Develop, field-test and promote mycopesticides
2. Research tasks
Identify and collect diseased pest specimens
Isolate and culture entomopathogens
Screen candidate pathogens for virulence
Damaged
Select potential pathogens candidate cabbage
Develop formulations & delivery systems
Demonstrate field efficacy of product
Assess safety and eco-toxicology of products
Register product for commercialization
3. Screening indigenous mycopesticides for DBM control
Virulence trials
Indigenous (Benin) strains of
entomopathogenic fungi against DBM;
Source: IITA microbial collections
40
Bba virulence test
Hosts = other Lepidoptera: Acigona
%Cummulative dead larvae with external growth of
35
sp, Sesamia calamistis, Eldana 30
Bba5653
saccharina
Bba5644
25 Ma182
Bba5645
fungus
Bba5654
20
Beauveria bassiana (6): Bba14,
Bba14
Bba5655
15 Ma178
Bba5644, Bba5653, Bba5654,
SDW
Untreated
10
Bba5655 (PDA plated, SDW + 5
Tween80 harvested and applied) 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Metarhizium anisopliae (2): Ma178,
Days after treatment
Ma182 (SDA plated, SDW + Tween80
Bba5653 is most virulent strain;
harvested and applied) has good potential against DBM
Inoculum concentration @ 108
conidia/ml; 3rd instar DBM/leaf
4. Field efficacy of Bba5653
Spores produced in dry powder form
16
1g of powder contains 1011 spores 14
Bba FPR trials on DBM
12
Nombre of live DBM larvae/plant
Solitaire + Bba 5653
1g powder in 1l TW + Tween80 10
Tween80 + Bba 5653
(TWT)/or in 1l TW + Solitaire (TWS) as 8
Untreated
emulsifier 6
Talstar
4
HV spray of TWT/TWS formulations: 2
0
- 750ml/7.2 sq m bed = 1,041l per ha
2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41
Days after application
- Dose/bed =7.5 x1010 (=1015 spores/ha)
Application frequency of Bba5653 was 50% < bifentrin (= Talstar)
5. Impact of Bba5653 on cabbage yield
DBM population
- DBM better controlled in Bba plots
- Pesticide resistance to Talstar?
60
- Poor quality Talstar? Water-based formulation of
Bba5653
Emulsion-base formulation of
50 Bba5653
Cabbage yield
Untreated
Talstar
40
- 44t/ha under Bba5653
Cabbage yield (t/ha)
- 15t/ha under Talstar 30
- 3x more yield with Bba 20
Product promotion 10
- Experiential learning by farmers 0
- Awareness/news media coverage Treatment
- IITA MoU with NGO-Songhai for regional promotion
- IITA MoU with FAES-Dakar for commercial production
6. Cost-effective production of Bba spores
Locally available substrates
Rice as solid substrates used in Bba 5653 production
Alternatives to rice as solid substrates needed
Screened cassava starch (CS) & oil palm kernel cake (OPKC)
80% CS mixed with 20% OPKC is most suitable alternative to rice
1.6E+09
1.4E+09
Number of conidia/g of substrate
1.2E+09
1.0E+09 80%CS+20%OPKC
75%CS+ 25%OPKC
66.67%CS+33.33%OPKC
8.0E+08
57%CS+43%OPKC
50%CS + 50%OPKC
6.0E+08 100%CS
4.0E+08
2.0E+08
0.0E+00
Treatments
7. To move this forward…
Bba5653 (with a few other Bba isolates) is a Green Muscle spin-off
scientific breakthrough that holds great promise in vegetable production
There is a strong need to reduce disconnects between such publicly
funded breakthroughs & their delivery to poor small holder farmers
Private sector interest may be dampened by low level profit
Explore R4D partnership models with specialized NGOs in which:
- IITA increases range of biopesticides; assures sustainable supply of the
products in the short to medium term; conducts markets studies to
quantify demand & profitability; links with ARIs for product safety & eco-
toxicological research required to develop registration dossiers
- NGOs advocate policy support for regional biopesticide regulatory
framework; market & return % of sales to IITA for further biopesticide
research; develop capacity to produce biopesticides under IITA
supervision; assure sustainable access of farmers to the products
Thank you