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Introduzione a Software Define Networking
- 1. Customer Driven Innovation SDN: an Introduction Luca Profico lprofico@a10networks.com Do not distribute/edit/copy without the written consent of A10 Networks 1
- 2. Who am I † Luca Profico † RSE@a10networks † A10 Networks ¿ Networking company based in San Jose (CA) ¿ 10 years developing its own solutions ¿ 3# worldwide marketshare in ADC Market; #1 in Japan ¿ Leader in CGN and IPv6 Migration solutions 2
- 3. Software-defined Networking • SDN concept has been around for almost 9 years now but the concept is not yet clear • Marketing is riding SDN with bigger and bigger promises • What will we do with SDN? • US ICT Event survey: • SDN, I don’t understand it but I want it. • All this fuss for old concepts remixed. • Will I lose my job because of SDN? 3
- 4. What is, What is Not † SDN is not a protocol † SDN is not a suite of protocols † SDN is not a technology † SDN is a concept, a methodology, an architecture that aims at making network implementation, scalability and management easier by separating planes 4
- 5. Network Devices and Planes Build and exchange informa2on ARP Control plane STP … Neighbors … MAC Learning Rou2ng protocols Build and store local L2/L3 info tables Data plane Packet processing/forwarding decisions fwd tbl Forwarding table p 1 p 2 p 3 5
- 6. Network Devices and Planes Control plane Control plane Control plane Control plane Data plane Data plane Data plane Data plane fwd tbl fwd tbl fwd tbl fwd tbl 6
- 7. Network Devices and Planes Control plane Control plane Control plane Control plane Data plane Data plane Data plane Data plane fwd tbl fwd tbl fwd tbl fwd tbl 7
- 8. Network Devices and Planes Control plane Data plane Data fwd tbl plane fwd tbl Data plane Data fwd plane vendor B tbl fwd tbl Data plane Data fwd plane vendor C tbl Data plane fwd tbl fwd tbl 8
- 9. SDN Implementation Network Network Network Network Applica2on Network operating system Applica2on Applica2on Applica2on Northbound API Middleware SDN Controller Southbound API Switch vSwitch Switch Network Switch Switch vSwitch vSwitch 9
- 10. Open Networking Foundation † Members-only organization † Milestones ¿ Founded in 2011 ¿ More than 50 members in 1st yr. ¿ Over 100 members in 2013 (Vendors, SPs, Telcos) 10
- 11. OpenFlow † Standard communication interface between control and forwarding layer † OpenFlow specs ¿ ¿ OF Switch specs 1.4 approved 2013 ¿ † OF Switch specs 1.3.2 published 2013 OF-Config (conf & mgmt protocol) 1.1.1 published 2013 Simple traffic processing ¿ Flow tables ¿ Pipeline concept ¿ OpenFlow Switches ¿ Hybrid OpenFlow Switches 11
- 12. OpenFlow Tables Flow Table Match fields Priority Counters Instructions Timeout Cookie Group Table Group Identifier Group Type Counters Action Buckets Meter Table Meter Identifier Meter Bands Counters MAC src MAC dst IP src IP dst TCP dport … Action Count * 10:20:. * * * * Port 1 99 * * 217.99.* * * * Table 6 18 * .:38:aa:. * * * * drop 4 * * * 7.7.9.4 25 * drop 172 * * * * 69 * local 19 * * * * * * controller 2993 12
- 13. Example: Life of a Packet Flow Table Next table Group Table Action 1 Action 2 Action 3 Next table Group Table Action 4 Next table switch Action set Action 5 Output Meter Table 13
- 14. OpenFlow Challenges † Protocol status. OF is simple. Maybe *too* simple † Which functionalities should stay resident? † Large networks flow programming † Hi-rate flow table update † Vendors proprietary protocols 14
- 15. Overlays † VLAN on traditional networks has limitations ¿ ¿ Transport ¿ † Number of instances Overlapping Some solutions have been tried ¿ † HVLAN, QinQ, PBT, PBB-TE, Mac-in-mac, … With SDN we talk about Overlay networks ¿ ¿ Used to create virtual network containers logically isolated from the others, while sharing the underlying physical network Always based on encapsulation. Usually tunnels are terminated on softswitch 15
- 16. VXLAN † Virtual Extensible LAN ¿ † Broadest industry support VXLAN ¿ ¿ Layer 2 frames in UDP packets VLAN frames are preserved – multiple Layer 3 networks inside a VXLAN segment ¿ Uses multicast to transport broadcasts (openflow may avoid that) ¿ Tenants see their own “normal” network ¿ Underlying network sees UDP VXLAN traffic with a segment ID ¿ VXLAN ID is 24 bits = 16 Million tenants sharing the same infrastructure 16
- 17. 50 Bytes More. Jumbo Frames! 14 bytes Outer MAC Header 20 bytes Outer IP Header 8 bytes Outer UDP Header 8 bytes VXLAN Header Original L2 frame (VLAN tag included) 17
- 19. NVGRE, STT, NVO3 † NVGRE ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ Similar to VXLAN Microsoft pushes it Overlay of choice in Hyper-V Does not require multicast to carry broadcast, unknown unicast, multicast ° ° † STT ¿ ¿ ¿ † Hyper-V embedded switch (Windows Network Virtualization Module) is prepopulated with all host-to-tunnel mappings by powershell CMDlets No flooding, as there is no unknown node Stateless Transport Tunneling Encapsulation leverages some specific network card capabilities, like TSO (TCP segmentation offload) Nicira developed it. Nicira has been acquired by VMware NVO3 ¿ Network Virtualization Overlays 3 - Developed by a group in IETF 19
- 20. SDN Actual Use Cases † Link usage optimization † Distributed packet filtering † NAC for devices that do not support 802.1x † Service insertion, service chaining † Network traffic analysis, TAP aggregation † Basic link/service load balancing 20
- 21. SDN Challenges † Southbound API is uncertain and will be fragmented † Scalability issues ¿ † Number of flows Performance issues ¿ Rate of flow-table updates † Redundancy † Vendors’ SDN controllers (OpenDaylight project?) † Know-how † Security 21
- 22. Conclusions † SDN future is uncertain, at the moment most of the development is being done on large data centers, backbones, virtualization spaces † So far there is no real use for the enterprise † The southbound API will most probably be fragmented † It will take some time: as some analysts point out, it took server virtualization 10 years to become mainstream, while openflow 1° release was born in 2009 † SDN will add up to $400M within the networking market in 2014 (Doyle Research) † In the end, the market will decide what SDN will be, where it will be used, what applications we’ll write on it 22
- 23. Thank You www.a10networks.com Do not distribute/edit/copy without the written consent of A10 Networks 23