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OpenStack with OpenFlow/SDN

                                  Takashi Torii
                                      NEC
                                  Aug. 11, 2012


Page 1   © NEC Corporation 2012
INTRO - QUANTUM


Page 2   © NEC Corporation 2012
What is Quantum



Quantum is an incubated
OpenStack project to provide
"network connectivity
as a service" between
interface devices (e.g.,
vNICs) managed by other
Openstack services (e.g.,
nova).



                                   “Intro to OpenStack Quantum for Cloud
                                   Operators”, Dan Wendlandt

Page 3    © NEC Corporation 2012
How Quantum works
1. Create Network
2. Create Port
3. Plug Interface                                Nova            VM         VM
                                                                 NIC       NIC

                                                                 Port      Port
                        Cloud User              Quantum
                                                                      Network
                                                  Plugin

                                                 Attach Port
                                                  and NIC
                                     Create Ports
                                        Create specify
          you can create network on demand, only
                                   logical network and virtual NIC.
Page 4    © NEC Corporation 2012
Quantum Plugins



                                                     Nova      VM      VM
                                                               NIC    NIC

                                                               Port   Port
Inside OpenStack
                       Cloud User
         • Cisco UCS/Nexus Plugin (cisco)           Quantum
         • Quantum L2 Linux Bridge Plugin                        Network
           (linuxbridge)                              Plugin
         • Quantum Plugin for NVP (nicira_nvp)
         • Open vSwitch Plugin (openvswitch)
         • Ryu Controller Plugin (ryu)

Blueprints
         • NEC OpenFlow Plugin
         • Quantum plugin for bigswitch
           controller
         • Layer 2 Network driver for Brocade’s
           Ethernet Fabric Network OS
         • A Plugin for Infiniband Infrastructure

Page 5      © NEC Corporation 2012
INTRO - WHAT IS
         OPENFLOW/SDN

Page 6   © NEC Corporation 2012
Question: How old is the Internet?
▌Answer: 40 years old!
 TCP/IP borned 1970@DARPA
 World Wide Web borned 1989

▌TCP/IP is long life technology

▌But, usage of the Internet has chaged in this 40 years...
 Telephone by the Internet
 Watching TV by the Internet
 Shopping, trading, chatting, xxing, xxxing, xxxxxing...
Current Internet
                 New application




             Gap and Inconvinient




           40 years old the Internet
Future Internet
▌What is the Internet can not do?
 PC : new idea or application can do by written software. Innovation!
 The Internet: new functions will be implemented next renewal. Please
 wait 10 years... No Innovation!

▌How to make innovative technology in the Internet?
 Several project have started about 2007.
 GENE@USA, FP7@EU, ...
 OpenFlow born in Stanford Univ.
Keywords
     ▌OpenFlow
          New architecture of network switching
          Network virtualization and programmability

     ▌Network virtualization
          You can create “my network”


     ▌Programmability
          You can control network by application program



                  “So, what you want to do?”

Page 10                                                 Page 10
Background of OpenFlow/SDN
▌2007: Stanford started “Clean Slate Program”
▌2009: Stanford established “Clean Slate Laboratory”
 Contributed to OpenFlow Consortium to specify OpenFlow spec(v0.8.9, v1.0)
 and campus trial
 http://www.openflow.org

▌Mar.2011: Open Networking Foundation Founded

   Industry                             NEC active from day #1
   standard

▌May.2012: Open Networking Research Center (ONRC) established

  Industry Open
  Source activity
     NEC Proprietary and Confidential
Open Networking Foundation
     ▌Established for promotion of Software Defined Networking
     ▌Definition of OpenFlow protocol


                              http://www.opennetworkingfoundation.org/




Page 12
OpenFlow Protocol Standard
▌OpenFlow Switch Specification
 1.0 (2010/3)
  •Mostly used version
 1.1 (2011/2)
  •MPLS shim header, multiple table, etc
 1.2 (2011/12)
  •IPv6, etc
 1.3 (2012/4)
  •PBB, etc
▌OF-Config
 1.0 (2012/1)
 1.1 (2012?)
▌OF-Test
 1.0 (2012?)
                                           http://www.openflow.org/documents/openflow-spec-v1.1.0.pdf
OPENFLOW BASICS


Page 14   © NEC Corporation 2012
OpenFlow Basics: Architecture

 Separate Data Plane and Control Plane
 OpenFlow is the protocol between switch and controller
 L1-L4 field are used for switching

                                                               OpenFlow
                                                               Controller
                OpenFlow Switch                OpenFlow
                                                Protocol
                    Secure                                    Server
                    Channel
                 Rule   Action   Statistics
                 Rule   Action   Statistics
                   Flow Table                  Packet      Traffic management
                                              transfer




Page 15
OpenFlow Basics: Flow Switching

                              Transfer packet based on “Flow”

           Current Network
            Transfer packet based on L2/L3 address
             L2 Switching(MAC)             L3 Routing(IP)                      Firewall etc.



Ingress Dst     Src   Ether   VLAN   VLAN       Dst   Src    IP      IP   TCP/UDP TCP/UDP
  Port  MAC     MAC   Type     ID    Priority   IP    IP    Proto   ToS    Src Port Dst Port   Data


 L1                     L2                                  L3                    L4


                                     Flow Switching


 Flow is distinguished by rule of combination through L1(port), L2(MAC), L3(IP), L4(port).
 Transferring method that use flow is called flow switching.


 Page 16
How OpenFlow works

(1) Packet driven type [Reactive]                                       OpenFlow
                                                     3. Route search    Controller
                                                                             PC
                                      OpenFlow
                               Rule     Switch
                                       Action
          OpenFlow
           Switch                                   4. Set flow table


                        5. Packet transfer


                                                                   2. Inquiry to controller

                  OpenFlow                          OpenFlow
           Rule     Action
                   Switch                    Rule    Action
                                                      Switch        1. Pakcet receive

                                                                  packet




Page 17
How OpenFlow works

(2) Flow table push type [Proactive]                                    OpenFlow
                                                     1. Route calculate Controller
                                                                                PC
                                      OpenFlow
                               Rule     Switch
                                       Action
          OpenFlow
           Switch                                   2. Set flow table


                        4. Packet transfer




                  OpenFlow                          OpenFlow
           Rule     Action                   Rule    Action
                   Switch                             Switch            3. Packet receive
                                                                  packet




Page 18
Flow examples
                     Unicast



              1.



                     Multicast
              2.



                     Multipath
                      Load-balancing
              3.      Redundancy




                     Waypoints
                      Middleware
                      Intrusion detection
              4.      …




Page 19
OpenFlow Protocol detail
     ▌Protocol between OpenFlow Switch and OpenFlow Controller

     ▌Messages
     ▌Flow table
     ▌Match
     ▌Action




Page 20
OpenFlow Messages
▌Packet
 Packet in : switch to controller
 Packet out : controller to switch


▌Flow entry
 Flow mod : controller to switch
 Flow removed : switch to controller (expire)


▌Management
 Port status : switch to controller (port status change notify)
 Echo request/reply
 Features request/reply
 …
Flow Table Difinition




      Flow 1.       Match Fields
                                                Counters                  Instructions
                  (exact & wildcard)


                    Match Fields
     Flow N.      (exact & wildcard)
                                                Counters                  Instructions



           flow filter             Statistics of each flow              Instruction to flow
(example)                        (example)                   (example)
Port, VLAN ID, L2, L3, L4, …     Packet count, byte count,   Unicast, multicast, QoS, Shaping, Load
                                 session time...             Balance, Fault Recovery, tunneling ...




Page 22
Matching Filter
▌Ingress port
▌Ethernet source/destination address
▌Ethernet type
▌VLAN ID
▌VLAN priority
▌IPv4 source/destination address
▌IPv4 protocol number
▌IPv4 type of service
▌TCP/UDP source/destination port
▌ICMP type/code


   12 tuple through L1 to L4 header field can be used

  23
Action
▌Forward                         Various type of transfering rules
 Physical ports (Required)
 Virtual ports : All, Controller, Local, Table, IN_PORT (Required)
 Virtual ports : Normal, Flood (Required)
▌Enqueue (Optional)
▌Drop (Required)
▌Modify Field (Optional)
                                 Possible to modify header
 Set/Add VLAN ID
 Set VLAN priority              Possible to set multi actions
 Strip VLAN Header
 Modify Ethernet source/destination address
 Modify IPv4 source/destionation address
 Modify IPv4 type of service bits
 Modify IPv4 TCP/UDP source/destination port
Example of flow table


Flow switching


     Key    Input Port = 2           MAC SA
                MAC SA = 00:00:4c:11:11:11
                MAC DA = 00:00:4c:22:22:22                      Flow table

              MAC DA             VLAN ID = 100    OpenFlow switch

           TYPE = 0x0800      Proto = 6       0
                    IP SA = 10.20.30.40
                    IP DA = 10.50.60.70
           Src Port = 32000      Dest Port = 80
Action 1                OUTPUT = 3                       incoming    output
                                                          Packet     Packet
Example of flow table


L2 switching


    Key    Input Port = *                 MAC SA
                        MAC SA = *
              MAC DA = 00:00:4c:22:22:22                              Flow table

             MAC DA                     VLAN ID = *     OpenFlow switch

             TYPE = *            Proto = *         0
                            IP SA = *
                            IP DA = *
           Src Port = *                 Dest Port = *
Action 1                OUTPUT = 3                             incoming    output
                                                                Packet     Packet
Example of flow table


Broadcast


    Key    Input Port = *                 MAC SA
                        MAC SA = *
             MAC DA = FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF                                 Flow table

             MAC DA                     VLAN ID = *     OpenFlow switch

             TYPE = *            Proto = *         0
                            IP SA = *
                            IP DA = *
                                                        output            output
           Src Port = *                 Dest Port = *   Packet
                                                               output
                                                                              output
                                                               Packet     Packet
                   OUTPUT = FLOOD                                                  output
                                                                              Packet
Action 1                                                                                output
                                                                                  Packet
                                                                                       Packet
                                                                   incoming
                                                                    Packet
Example of flow table


multicast


    Key    Input Port = 1                 MAC SA
                       MAC SA = *
                       MAC DA = *                                   Flow table

             MAC DA                     VLAN ID = *     OpenFlow switch

           TYPE = 0x0800         Proto = *         0
                            IP SA = *
                   IP DA = 224.10.10.1
            Src Port = *                Dest Port = *
Action 1    SET_DL_SRC = 02:00:4c:00:00:01                   Incoming     Output   Output
                                                              Packet      Packet   packet
Action 2               OUTPUT = 3
Action 3    SET_DL_SRC = 02:00:4c:00:00:02
Action 4               OUTPUT = 5
Example of flow table


IP Routing


    Key    Input Port = *                 MAC SA
                        MAC SA = *
                        MAC DA = *                                    Flow table

             MAC DA                     VLAN ID = *     OpenFlow switch

             TYPE = *            Proto = *         0
                            IP SA = *
                   IP DA = 10.20.30.40
           Src Port = *                 Dest Port = *
Action 1                OUTPUT = 3                             Incoming    Output
                                                                Packet     Packet
Network virtualization in Data Center

1. Interconnect VM and virtual network       2. Traffic isolation between virtual network
   VM                                                                       VM
             Software                                          Software
              Switch             Virtual Network A              Switch


   VM                                                                       VM

                                     Physical
                                 Virtual Network B
                                     Network

   VM                                                                       VM
             Software                                          Software
              Switch
                                Virtual Network C               Switch


   VM                                                                       VM

                                           3. Physical resource management
VLAN
                              Current technology: VLAN

      VM        VLAN A                                         VLAN A     VM
                                            2. Max VLAN
                Software                     4K Problem        Software
                 Switch                                         Switch

                VLAN B                                         VLAN B
      VM                                                                  VM
                                       VLAN A
                                       Physical
                                       VLAN B
1. Configuration frequently            Network
                                       VLAN C
      VM        VLAN B                                         VLAN B     VM
                Software                                       Software
                 Switch                                         Switch

                VLAN C                             3. Limit of STP C
                                                                 VLAN
      VM                                                                  VM
OpenFlow with Overlay type


 VM                                                                  VM
         OpenFlow                          2. Traffic isolation by tunneling
                                                        OpenFlow
          Switch                                        Switch


 VM                                                                  VM

                                Physical
                                Network
 1. OpenFlow set relation between VM
 VM           and tunnel                                             VM
         OpenFlow                                      OpenFlow
          Switch                                        Switch


 VM                                                                  VM
OpenFlow with Hop-by-Hop type


    VM                            2. Flow based switching and          VM
                                       traffic management
             OpenFlow                                       OpenFlow
              Switch                                         Switch


    VM                                                                 VM

                                      OpenFlow
                                      Switches
1. OpenFlow set relation between VM
     VM      and flow                                                  VM
             OpenFlow                                       OpenFlow
              Switch                                         Switch


    VM                                                                 VM
                          3. Shortest path by each flow
Hop-by-Hop implement example – Trema/SliceableSwitch

               3. Check the ingress and egress belong to same slice.

                                            slice
2. Search flow table by
                                                               4. Calculate the shortest path
DMAC to get egress switch
and port                               Sliceable Switch
                 fdb                        Trema
                                                                    topology

                    1. packet_in                           6. packet_out
                                        5. flow_mod




         Controller dicide the shortest path by each flow and construct the total path.
Variation of OpenFlow switch implementation
▌L2 switch base
 Firmware update with commodity L2 switch
 Instruct L2 through L4 header
 NEC, HP, Juniper, Quanta, Arista ...


▌Software switch
 Implement OpenFlow switch inside host
 Open vSwitch, Stanford Reference Switch ...


▌Transport node base
 Path can be configured by OpenFlow protocol
 Cienna, Fujitsu America ...

▌Wireless
 WiFi-AP or WiMAX-BS/ASNGW that can handle OpenFlow
OpenFlow Controller (1/2)
     ▌OSS
      NOX
      POX
      SNAC
      Trema
      Beacon,
      Floodlight
      Ryu, Node Flow, Flow ER, Nettle, Mirage, ovs-controller,
      Maestro



          https://events.linuxfoundation.org/images/stories/pdf/lcjp2012_yamahata_openflow.pdf



Page 36
OpenFlow Controller (2/2)
     ▌Products available
      Nicira: NVP Network Virtualization Platform
      BigSwitch: Floodlight based?
      Midokura: Midonet
      NTT Data:
      Travelping: FlowER based
      NEC: ProgrammableFlow




Page 37
WHY OPENFLOW/SDN?


Page 38   © NEC Corporation 2012
Network is complicated!
       “To support a cloud infrastructure, in reality all aspects of the IT
 infrastructure must be cloud-enabled, including storage, software, and –
 importantly – networking. Legacy network architectures are designed to
    support static network configurations and often do not provide the
     flexibility required to support cloud and data center deployments.”

                                                               Rohit Mehra, IDC
                                                                  January 2012




Page 39   © NEC Corporation 2012
Challenges of Managing a Data Center Network

    Has your organization experienced any of the following network
                        operations problems?
                                     Too many manual processes                                      40%

   Difficulties/delays associated with change and/or configuration
                                                     management                               36%

     Integration and cooperation between network operations and                              34%
                                               other IT domains
  Inability to implement new technology in a timely manner due to                      29%
                                    lack of maintenance windows
                                                                                                   ▌ Automation
 Difficulties and/or delays in provisioning network devices such as                    28%
                                                                                                   ▌ Agility
                         servers, switches, and security appliances
                                                                                   26%             ▌ Integration
   Inability to implement new technology due to poor coordination
                                 between IT administration teams                                   ▌ Maintainable
                                                                                   26%
   Manual IP address management using tools like spreadsheets
     We have a heterogeneous network where different technical                   23%
                   elements need their own network operations
                                                                             20%
                              Limited skills in the networking team
                                                    Too many tools         17%
      We have not experienced any network operations problems
                                                                      7%                 Percent of respondents (N=280,
                                                                                          multiple responses accepted)
                                   © 2011 Enterprise Strategy Group
Network Not Keeping Pace with Server Virtualization

▌Many protocols to solve                   Distributed Complexity
performance and scalability       • BGP                                  • OSPF
requirements                      • IGMP                                 • Trill
▌Vendor-specific configurations   • ICMP                                 • IP

▌Software rollouts frequent
                                                           Manually
                                              Experts      Configure

▌Switch-by-switch configuration
management                                   Distributed     Vendor
                                              Control      Proprietary
                                  • RIP                                  • IS-IS
                                  • VLANs                                • IPsec
                                  • UDP                                  • TCP




     Server virtualization needs an open, agile network
FAQ: Why OpenFlow?
      ▌Benefit ?
      ▌Risk?
      ▌New technology?
      ▌Applications?
      ▌Potential?
      ▌Open?

      ▌Let’s see the history of IT system.




Page 42   © NEC Corporation 2012
Before Virtualization: BV
▌Management of servers and networks are fully separated.
▌There are some difficult problem, for example virtual IP address management




         SV                  SV   SV SV           SV                SV    SV SV



                 L2 Switch                              L2 Switch




                                      Router

       Page 43
BV: Firewall, LoadBalance
▌Switch and routers are redundant
▌Firewall or loadbalancer are specialized hardware and clusterd




          SV                   SV          SV SV               SV                     SV        SV SV



                  L2 Switch
                   L2 Switch                                             L2 Switch
                                                                          L2 Switch

         LB                         LB                          LB                         LB

      L2 Switch                L2 Switch                     L2 Switch                 L2 Switch

         FW                         FW                          FW                         FW


                                         Router(L3 Switch)
        Page 44
VLAN appears
▌VLAN can separate subnet
▌number of switch port grows, resouce utilization is improved
▌Multiple subnets can consolidate on same switch.
▌But routing is interchanged by router.




          SV                   SV          SV SV               SV                     SV        SV SV


                       VLAN              VLAN
                  L2 Switch
                   L2 Switch                                             L2 Switch
                                                                          L2 Switch

         LB                         LB                          LB                         LB

      L2 Switch                L2 Switch                     L2 Switch                 L2 Switch

         FW                         FW                          FW                         FW


                                         Router(L3 Switch)
        Page 45
Extension of VLAN
▌VLAN can be created crossing router.
▌Because subnet can cross router, consistent configurations are necessary




          SV                   SV          SV SV               SV                     SV        SV SV



                  L2 Switch
                   L2 Switch                                             L2 Switch
                                                                          L2 Switch

         LB                         LB                          LB                         LB

      L2 Switch                L2 Switch                     L2 Switch                 L2 Switch

         FW                         FW                          FW                         FW


                                         Router(L3 Switch)
        Page 46
Hypervisor appears
▌Virtual machine appears
▌It is impossible to manage by human!
▌LB or FW can be Virtual Appliance




VM   VM    VM     VM   VM   VM   LB    LB FW VM         VM   VM   VM   VM    VM     VM   VM   VM VM VM        VM   VM

          HyperVisor                HyperVisor     HV   HV             HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV   HV

                SV                     SV          SV SV                    SV                      SV        SV SV



                       L2 Switch
                        L2 Switch                                                   L2 Switch
                                                                                     L2 Switch

             LB                             LB                              LB                           LB

          L2 Switch                    L2 Switch                        L2 Switch                     L2 Switch

             FW                             FW                              FW                           FW


                                                 Router(L3 Switch)
            Page 47
vswitch appears
▌trafic inside server can not manageable and complicated
▌separation between server and network become cloudy




VM   VM     VM    VM    VM   VM     LB   LB FW VM       VM       VM   VM     VM    VM    VM   VM     VM VM VM      VM    VM

             VLAN
          Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS                 Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS

           HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV                  HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV

               SV                        SV       SV    SV                      SV                       SV        SV    SV



                           Switch                                                           Switch


                                                             R
Live Migration
▌Live Migration appears, VM can migrate between servers without stop or suspend.
▌VLAN must follow VM migration
▌Resource management became on-demand, VLAN configuration change is more
frequently, inventory control of resources is more important.
▌Automation of resource management is desired, not only server resources, but also
network resources.



VM   VM     VM    VM   VM    VM     LB   LB FW VM       VM       VM   VM     VM    VM    VM   VM     VM VM VM      VM    VM

          Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS                 Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS
                VLAN
           HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV                  HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV

               SV                        SV       SV    SV                      SV                       SV        SV    SV



                           Switch                                                           Switch
                                                                       VLAN

                                                             R

             Page 49
Virtual appliances
▌Virtual appliance appears, traffic route is more complicated.
▌In past days, Firewall and Load Balancer are managed by network side, but virtual appliances
belong to server side.


In virtualization era, data center operators face various problems
not only server/storage side but also network side.


VM   VM     VM    VM   VM    VM     LB   LB FW VM       VM       VM   VM     VM    VM    VM   VM     VM VM VM      VM    VM

          Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS                 Virtual Switch            Virtual Switch VS   VS
                   VLAN
           HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV                  HyperVisor                HyperVisor   HV    HV

               SV                        SV       SV    SV                      SV                       SV        SV    SV



                           Switch                                                           Switch
                                                                       VLAN

                                                             R

             Page 50
Now: Server and Network integrated management

 Border of Server and Network is not clear.
 OpenFlow/SDN can be lead of Server and Network integrated management.

                          Server         Server
                             AP            AP               Server Management
 Before
 Virtualization
                                                                 Border

                        L2/L3     SW   L2/L3    SW          Network Management

                                                                 Overlap of Server and
                       Server                     Server         Network Management

                  AP    AP        AP      AP      AP       AP
                                                                                         Integrated
Virtualized       VM     VM VM           VM       VM VM             Server Management
                       vSwitch                  vSwitch
                                                                      Network            OpenFlow
                                                                      Management
                   L2/L3     SW                L2/L3   SW

  Page 51
OpenFlow Controller Framework

          TREMA


Page 52    © NEC Corporation 2012
OpenFlow Programmability
▌OpenFlow Controller software can manage networks
▌There are various control methods
 HPC
  •Like traditional interconnect
 Distributed computing
  •Try to use real network instead of overlay
 IT and Network integrated management
  •Authentication, security, operation..



“OpenFlow is just one of the tools” -
Ivan Pepelnjak
Trema: Full-Stack OpenFlow Framework for Ruby/C
▌A software platform for OpenFlow            Trema @http://trema.github.com/trema/
Controller developers

▌EASY
 All-in-one package
 Integrated developing environment
 Sophisticated APIs for Ruby and C
▌Many sample controllers/parts
 Useful samples @/src/examples/
 Practical samples @TremaApps
                                                            TremaApps
▌Fully tested and supported                                 @https://github.com/trema/apps

▌Open community
 Free software (GPLv2)
 Community participation (even for commercial product)

  Page 54
Scope of Trema
 ▌Trema = OpenFlow framework
         = controller platform + integrated network emulator +
           debugger + etc…
 ▌Why framework? - Tight loop of "coding, testing, and debugging“
 results high productivity
                                   Routing control, topology discovery,
                                   Authentication-driven application

                                                        OpenFlow          TremaApps
User module      User module   User module              Controller
                         Core modules                                            Trema
  Basic libraries              OpenFlow protocol stack                     Interactive
                                                                              Shell

                                                                            Debugger
      OpenFlow                       Integrated
       Switch                                                             Controller and
                                     network                                network
         Host                        emulator                             configuration

                                               Real network
    Page 55
Lessons learned

            OpenFlow iceberg

                 Controller development
                                                        Scope

                Debug Debug
                   Debug Debug


                               Network setup

                                   Traffic generation
                                                        Seamless integration of
                                                        operations and state
                              Diagnose                  monitoring among
                                                        controller applications,
                                                        switches, hosts, etc.
Page 56   © NEC Corporation 2012
What is Trema

                      User application                             OpenFlow
                      Your OpenFlow controller (in Ruby or C)
                                                                   controller
                      Abstraction mechanisms, and
                      high-level APIs

                      Core:
                      OpenFlow controller libraries and modules

Trema                 Developing environment:
                      Network/host emulator, debugging tool, etc

                      Operation environment:
                      trema commands
          Trema is “OpenFlow programming framework”
                                   for Ruby and C (GPL2)
Page 57   © NEC Corporation 2012
Feature 1: easy coding

 Repeater hub written by Ruby
class RepeaterHub < Controller
 def packet_in datapath_id, message
   send_flow_mod_add(
     datapath_id,                                 Send flow entry add
     :match => ExactMatch.from( message ),
     :actions => ActionOutput.new( OFPP_FLOOD )
   )
   send_packet_out(
     datapath_id,
     :packet_in => message,                       Packet out
     :actions => ActionOutput.new( OFPP_FLOOD )
   )
 end
end




     Page 58
Feature 2: network emulator

  ▌“code, test, debug” in one machine



Emulation script                         Development machine
  vswitch("sw1") {
    datapath_id "0x1"
  }                                     My Controller
  vswitch("sw2") {                      Trema
    datapath_id "0x2"
  }                                          Secure Channel

  vhost ("host1")                vswitch(sw1)             vswitch(sw2)
  vhost ("host2")
                              vhost(host1)                      vhost(host2)
  link "host1", "sw1"
  link "sw1", "sw2"
  link "host2", "sw2"
Feature 3: many sample applications
▌Trema source tree
 Repeater hub
 Learning switch
 Traffic monitor

▌Trema application repository https://github.com/trema/apps
 Topology discovery/management
 Routing switch
 Sliceable Switch



▌Documents published
 http://gihyo.jp/dev/serial/01/openflow_sd/0010




  Page 60
SOLUTIONS


Page 61   © NEC Corporation 2012
Our activities around OpenFlow/SDN and OpenStack

                                                   Distributed
                        Controller                 Data Center
                       Framework                                          Telecom
                         [Trema]                                          System



                                                           OpenStack
                                    OpenFlow/SDN
                                                         Cloud Platform
             OpenFlow
              Product
          [Programmable
               Flow]                               Storage            Orchestration
                                                   BigData           PDCA Lifecycle




Page 62    © NEC Corporation 2012
Award-winning ProgrammableFlow
Simple, scalable, secure, open networking
▌First OpenFlow-enabled fabric
▌Secure network-wide virtualization
▌Drag and drop, programmable networking
          ProgrammableFlow                  ProgrammableFlow
               Controller                      Switch Family
Quantum OpenFlow Plugin

▌ OpenStack Quantum
   OpenStack sub-project                            Nova
   Managing virtual network
                                                     Quantum
                              OSS Released
▌ OpenFlow Plugin
                                                     OpenFlow Plugin
   The plugin to use OpenFlow from Quantum
   Download from https://github.com/nec-
    openstack/quantum-openflow-plugin
                                                                          OpenFlow
                                                                          Controller
▌ Supported OpenFlow Controller platform                                  (PFC/Trema)

   Trema http://trema.github.com/trema/                               Flow setting
   ProgrammableFlow PF6800
                                              VTN1                           OpenFlow
                                              VTN2                           Switches
                                              VTN3
                                              VTN4




        Page 64
Isolation of networks
▌SliceableSwitch (trema application)
 Create virtual L2 slice on OpenFlow NW
 L1-L4 filter function enabled


                           OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow based Firewall / Load Balancer



           Not OpenFlow                       OpenFlow based
           The Internet                        The Internet
  Router                                OFS
                                                 Firewall        OFC

    FW                                              LB                 OFC

                                        OFS
    LB




           FW or LB appliance is high           Without appliance equipment
                     cost

Page 66
Integrated resource management

     ▌IT and network resource integrated management
       OpenFlow for network resource virtualization
       OpenStack for computing resource virtualization
                                                                                                    Management user portal:
                                                                                                    -Create multiple VMs and virtual networks
                                         Original Portal                                            -Attach VM to network
100% Open Source Software!

                                         OpenStack

      System management                          Quantum Plug-in




                                                                   Row: virtual machines
                                                                                                             Column: virtual networks
       OpenFlow Controller                    SliceableSwitch
                                              Trema

                         VM
              VM VM        VM
                         KVM
                                                                                                 Check box on a intersection:
              KVM                                                                                Binding of VM and network
               Open vSwitch

                                                                                           Enabling flexible service provisioning
            OpenFlow switch                                                                   and agile service deployment

  Page 67       © NEC Corporation 2012
Virtualization of mobile core and dynamic SDN control
New project with NTT DoCoMo to make a mobile core network flexible
and scalable against network congestions due to disaster
             Virtualization of mobile core network services and dynamic server resource
             re-allocation for high priority service (Voice/Mail).
                                   Central Office                                               Central office
                     High priority          Low priority                                High priority             Rich
                     Voice/Mail             Rich content                                Voice/Mail               Content


Dynamic SDN Control                                 OpenFlow      Dynamic SDN Control                               OpenFlow
                                                     network                                                         network
                                                                Change                                             Failure
                                                               resource
                                                               allocation
                                                                              Failure




  According to network resource re-allocation for high priority service (Voice/Mail), mobile
                   access network path can be dynamically adjusted.
        NEC Proprietary and Confidential
Issues in Mobile Networks
▌Voice traffic congestion during 3.11 disaster
▌Congestion due to popularity of smart phones
▌Now, control plane signaling will also increase

  Smart phones cause spike                        Design to allocate fixed resources
      in network traffic                           each peak is a waste of money

                                             High-load states
                   Traffic rate
                                             occur periodically




                                                                          Time
                             13:00       20:00      13:00         20:00

      NEC Proprietary and Confidential
Solution
▐ Dynamic allocation of mobile network resources to solve
  various network congestions due to
   bursty traffic patterns of smart phones
   immediate increase of traffic patterns due to disaster
                            Allocating resources to prioritized services
                                                 Voice    Email   Music   Video    File
                                        Normal
                                                                            Rich media
     Allocation is changed                             Emergency           communication
         from normal to                              communications
           emergency


                            Emergency

     NEC Proprietary and Confidential
Resource Allocation Control for Inter Central Office
Dynamic resource allocation of virtualized software within Inter central office

before                                                                   after
                                                Site2

                                  SIP         email     M2M      Movie
                                                                                       Site4                                        Site3
                                SIP      email        Packet   Packet
                                VMVM       VM
                                          VM           VMVM     VMVM          SIP    email      M2M    Movie              SIP    email      M2M     Movie
                                     Real resource                         Packet   Paket    SIP       SIP               SIP     SIP     Packet   Packet
                                                                            VMVM      VM
                                                                                     VM      VMVM      VMVM                VM      VM       VM       VM
                                                                                                                         VM      VM       VM       VM
                                        Network                                  Real resource                             Real resource
                                   Site1
                                                                                                                                 Resource sharing among
      Congestion      SIP      email       M2M        Movie                                                    Network           distributed sites
                    SIP      email      M2M       Packet
                      VM       VM         VM         VM                                                                         Site2
                    VM        VM        VM         VM                                   Site1
                       Real resource                                          SIP     SIP       SIP    Packet             SIP    email      M2M    Movie

             Site1                                                          SIP     SIP      SIP      Packet             SIP    SIP  Packet Packet
                                                                              VM      VM       VM        VM              VMVM   VMVM  VMVM   VMVM
  Congestion                                                                VM      VM       VM        VM
   SIP    email      M2M      Movie
                                                                                 Real resource                             Real resource
  SIP    SIP       SIP      Packet
  VMVM   VMVM      VMVM      VMVM

    Real resource
 Resources shortage cannot be compensated                                            Resources shortage can be dynamically
         from remote central office                                                  compensated from remote central office

           NEC Proprietary and Confidential
Hybrid Cloud

Demonstration at the Interop TOKYO, June 2012

                       SDN for private clouds                                                    SDN for public clouds
                         WebSAM and ProgrammableFlow                                             OpenStack and ProgrammableFlow

                      Cloud Manager                                                                 Cloud Manager



                                                                                 Enterprise/                                                           IaaS
 Service users                                                                   IaaS operator                                                         Operator
                                           Centralized                                                             Centralized
                                                              Virtual server                                                          Virtual server
                                                              controller                                                              controller
                                                                                                 /Trema


                      Network pool                            Server pool                         Network pool                     Server pool


                                                                                  Resource
  IaaS                 Programmable            Load                                                 Programmable
                                    Firewall              Server       Storage                                                   Server      Storage
  Manager              Flow switch             Balancer                                             Flow switch




                 NEC original solutions for sophisticated                                    IaaS operators with their customizations
                 Enterprise users and IaaS operators
          Page 72
Security
▌Quantum extension for network filtering
▌Filtering and detecting packet between VMs


                 Internet                      Internet


               NAT / Gateway                  NAT / Gateway



                 Firewall              Firewall


                 Virtualized Network           Virtualized Network




         VM       VM        VM         VM         VM      VM
Bare metal support
▌OpenStack bare metal with network isolation
 OpenFlow switch can isolate network
 security function by OpenFlow
                                  open vSwitch
  OpenStack
               provisioning
                           VM
   Nova                           hv
                           VM                    OpenFlow
                                                 Network

                    Physical Server


                                                       • Network Isolation
   Quantum plugin
                          OpenFlow                     • Firewall
                          Controller                   • Avoid MAC arrogation
Contribution to OpenStack community
          OpenFlow Plugin target Folsom-3
          Quantum other features




Page 75   © NEC Corporation 2012
Why OSS?

      ▌Vender’s products are like “Tower”



      ▌OSS is like “City”




                                       Tokyo SkyTree, 634m


Page 76   © NEC Corporation 2012
How to make Innovations?
          ▌Use potentially technology/platform

          ▌Open

          ▌Collaboration




                            OpenStack and OpenFlow
Page 77    © NEC Corporation 2012
Thank you!
                    Contact : t-torii@ce.jp.nec.com


Page 78   © NEC Corporation 2012
© NEC Corporation 2012   Page 79

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Open stack with_openflowsdn-torii

  • 1. OpenStack with OpenFlow/SDN Takashi Torii NEC Aug. 11, 2012 Page 1 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 2. INTRO - QUANTUM Page 2 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 3. What is Quantum Quantum is an incubated OpenStack project to provide "network connectivity as a service" between interface devices (e.g., vNICs) managed by other Openstack services (e.g., nova). “Intro to OpenStack Quantum for Cloud Operators”, Dan Wendlandt Page 3 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 4. How Quantum works 1. Create Network 2. Create Port 3. Plug Interface Nova VM VM NIC NIC Port Port Cloud User Quantum Network Plugin Attach Port and NIC Create Ports Create specify you can create network on demand, only logical network and virtual NIC. Page 4 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 5. Quantum Plugins Nova VM VM NIC NIC Port Port Inside OpenStack Cloud User • Cisco UCS/Nexus Plugin (cisco) Quantum • Quantum L2 Linux Bridge Plugin Network (linuxbridge) Plugin • Quantum Plugin for NVP (nicira_nvp) • Open vSwitch Plugin (openvswitch) • Ryu Controller Plugin (ryu) Blueprints • NEC OpenFlow Plugin • Quantum plugin for bigswitch controller • Layer 2 Network driver for Brocade’s Ethernet Fabric Network OS • A Plugin for Infiniband Infrastructure Page 5 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 6. INTRO - WHAT IS OPENFLOW/SDN Page 6 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 7. Question: How old is the Internet? ▌Answer: 40 years old! TCP/IP borned 1970@DARPA World Wide Web borned 1989 ▌TCP/IP is long life technology ▌But, usage of the Internet has chaged in this 40 years... Telephone by the Internet Watching TV by the Internet Shopping, trading, chatting, xxing, xxxing, xxxxxing...
  • 8. Current Internet New application Gap and Inconvinient 40 years old the Internet
  • 9. Future Internet ▌What is the Internet can not do? PC : new idea or application can do by written software. Innovation! The Internet: new functions will be implemented next renewal. Please wait 10 years... No Innovation! ▌How to make innovative technology in the Internet? Several project have started about 2007. GENE@USA, FP7@EU, ... OpenFlow born in Stanford Univ.
  • 10. Keywords ▌OpenFlow New architecture of network switching Network virtualization and programmability ▌Network virtualization You can create “my network” ▌Programmability You can control network by application program “So, what you want to do?” Page 10 Page 10
  • 11. Background of OpenFlow/SDN ▌2007: Stanford started “Clean Slate Program” ▌2009: Stanford established “Clean Slate Laboratory” Contributed to OpenFlow Consortium to specify OpenFlow spec(v0.8.9, v1.0) and campus trial http://www.openflow.org ▌Mar.2011: Open Networking Foundation Founded Industry NEC active from day #1 standard ▌May.2012: Open Networking Research Center (ONRC) established Industry Open Source activity NEC Proprietary and Confidential
  • 12. Open Networking Foundation ▌Established for promotion of Software Defined Networking ▌Definition of OpenFlow protocol http://www.opennetworkingfoundation.org/ Page 12
  • 13. OpenFlow Protocol Standard ▌OpenFlow Switch Specification 1.0 (2010/3) •Mostly used version 1.1 (2011/2) •MPLS shim header, multiple table, etc 1.2 (2011/12) •IPv6, etc 1.3 (2012/4) •PBB, etc ▌OF-Config 1.0 (2012/1) 1.1 (2012?) ▌OF-Test 1.0 (2012?) http://www.openflow.org/documents/openflow-spec-v1.1.0.pdf
  • 14. OPENFLOW BASICS Page 14 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 15. OpenFlow Basics: Architecture  Separate Data Plane and Control Plane  OpenFlow is the protocol between switch and controller  L1-L4 field are used for switching OpenFlow Controller OpenFlow Switch OpenFlow Protocol Secure Server Channel Rule Action Statistics Rule Action Statistics Flow Table Packet Traffic management transfer Page 15
  • 16. OpenFlow Basics: Flow Switching Transfer packet based on “Flow” Current Network Transfer packet based on L2/L3 address L2 Switching(MAC) L3 Routing(IP) Firewall etc. Ingress Dst Src Ether VLAN VLAN Dst Src IP IP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP Port MAC MAC Type ID Priority IP IP Proto ToS Src Port Dst Port Data L1 L2 L3 L4 Flow Switching Flow is distinguished by rule of combination through L1(port), L2(MAC), L3(IP), L4(port). Transferring method that use flow is called flow switching. Page 16
  • 17. How OpenFlow works (1) Packet driven type [Reactive] OpenFlow 3. Route search Controller PC OpenFlow Rule Switch Action OpenFlow Switch 4. Set flow table 5. Packet transfer 2. Inquiry to controller OpenFlow OpenFlow Rule Action Switch Rule Action Switch 1. Pakcet receive packet Page 17
  • 18. How OpenFlow works (2) Flow table push type [Proactive] OpenFlow 1. Route calculate Controller PC OpenFlow Rule Switch Action OpenFlow Switch 2. Set flow table 4. Packet transfer OpenFlow OpenFlow Rule Action Rule Action Switch Switch 3. Packet receive packet Page 18
  • 19. Flow examples Unicast 1. Multicast 2. Multipath  Load-balancing 3.  Redundancy Waypoints  Middleware  Intrusion detection 4.  … Page 19
  • 20. OpenFlow Protocol detail ▌Protocol between OpenFlow Switch and OpenFlow Controller ▌Messages ▌Flow table ▌Match ▌Action Page 20
  • 21. OpenFlow Messages ▌Packet Packet in : switch to controller Packet out : controller to switch ▌Flow entry Flow mod : controller to switch Flow removed : switch to controller (expire) ▌Management Port status : switch to controller (port status change notify) Echo request/reply Features request/reply …
  • 22. Flow Table Difinition Flow 1. Match Fields Counters Instructions (exact & wildcard) Match Fields Flow N. (exact & wildcard) Counters Instructions flow filter Statistics of each flow Instruction to flow (example) (example) (example) Port, VLAN ID, L2, L3, L4, … Packet count, byte count, Unicast, multicast, QoS, Shaping, Load session time... Balance, Fault Recovery, tunneling ... Page 22
  • 23. Matching Filter ▌Ingress port ▌Ethernet source/destination address ▌Ethernet type ▌VLAN ID ▌VLAN priority ▌IPv4 source/destination address ▌IPv4 protocol number ▌IPv4 type of service ▌TCP/UDP source/destination port ▌ICMP type/code 12 tuple through L1 to L4 header field can be used 23
  • 24. Action ▌Forward Various type of transfering rules Physical ports (Required) Virtual ports : All, Controller, Local, Table, IN_PORT (Required) Virtual ports : Normal, Flood (Required) ▌Enqueue (Optional) ▌Drop (Required) ▌Modify Field (Optional) Possible to modify header Set/Add VLAN ID Set VLAN priority Possible to set multi actions Strip VLAN Header Modify Ethernet source/destination address Modify IPv4 source/destionation address Modify IPv4 type of service bits Modify IPv4 TCP/UDP source/destination port
  • 25. Example of flow table Flow switching Key Input Port = 2 MAC SA MAC SA = 00:00:4c:11:11:11 MAC DA = 00:00:4c:22:22:22 Flow table MAC DA VLAN ID = 100 OpenFlow switch TYPE = 0x0800 Proto = 6 0 IP SA = 10.20.30.40 IP DA = 10.50.60.70 Src Port = 32000 Dest Port = 80 Action 1 OUTPUT = 3 incoming output Packet Packet
  • 26. Example of flow table L2 switching Key Input Port = * MAC SA MAC SA = * MAC DA = 00:00:4c:22:22:22 Flow table MAC DA VLAN ID = * OpenFlow switch TYPE = * Proto = * 0 IP SA = * IP DA = * Src Port = * Dest Port = * Action 1 OUTPUT = 3 incoming output Packet Packet
  • 27. Example of flow table Broadcast Key Input Port = * MAC SA MAC SA = * MAC DA = FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF Flow table MAC DA VLAN ID = * OpenFlow switch TYPE = * Proto = * 0 IP SA = * IP DA = * output output Src Port = * Dest Port = * Packet output output Packet Packet OUTPUT = FLOOD output Packet Action 1 output Packet Packet incoming Packet
  • 28. Example of flow table multicast Key Input Port = 1 MAC SA MAC SA = * MAC DA = * Flow table MAC DA VLAN ID = * OpenFlow switch TYPE = 0x0800 Proto = * 0 IP SA = * IP DA = 224.10.10.1 Src Port = * Dest Port = * Action 1 SET_DL_SRC = 02:00:4c:00:00:01 Incoming Output Output Packet Packet packet Action 2 OUTPUT = 3 Action 3 SET_DL_SRC = 02:00:4c:00:00:02 Action 4 OUTPUT = 5
  • 29. Example of flow table IP Routing Key Input Port = * MAC SA MAC SA = * MAC DA = * Flow table MAC DA VLAN ID = * OpenFlow switch TYPE = * Proto = * 0 IP SA = * IP DA = 10.20.30.40 Src Port = * Dest Port = * Action 1 OUTPUT = 3 Incoming Output Packet Packet
  • 30. Network virtualization in Data Center 1. Interconnect VM and virtual network 2. Traffic isolation between virtual network VM VM Software Software Switch Virtual Network A Switch VM VM Physical Virtual Network B Network VM VM Software Software Switch Virtual Network C Switch VM VM 3. Physical resource management
  • 31. VLAN Current technology: VLAN VM VLAN A VLAN A VM 2. Max VLAN Software 4K Problem Software Switch Switch VLAN B VLAN B VM VM VLAN A Physical VLAN B 1. Configuration frequently Network VLAN C VM VLAN B VLAN B VM Software Software Switch Switch VLAN C 3. Limit of STP C VLAN VM VM
  • 32. OpenFlow with Overlay type VM VM OpenFlow 2. Traffic isolation by tunneling OpenFlow Switch Switch VM VM Physical Network 1. OpenFlow set relation between VM VM and tunnel VM OpenFlow OpenFlow Switch Switch VM VM
  • 33. OpenFlow with Hop-by-Hop type VM 2. Flow based switching and VM traffic management OpenFlow OpenFlow Switch Switch VM VM OpenFlow Switches 1. OpenFlow set relation between VM VM and flow VM OpenFlow OpenFlow Switch Switch VM VM 3. Shortest path by each flow
  • 34. Hop-by-Hop implement example – Trema/SliceableSwitch 3. Check the ingress and egress belong to same slice. slice 2. Search flow table by 4. Calculate the shortest path DMAC to get egress switch and port Sliceable Switch fdb Trema topology 1. packet_in 6. packet_out 5. flow_mod Controller dicide the shortest path by each flow and construct the total path.
  • 35. Variation of OpenFlow switch implementation ▌L2 switch base Firmware update with commodity L2 switch Instruct L2 through L4 header NEC, HP, Juniper, Quanta, Arista ... ▌Software switch Implement OpenFlow switch inside host Open vSwitch, Stanford Reference Switch ... ▌Transport node base Path can be configured by OpenFlow protocol Cienna, Fujitsu America ... ▌Wireless WiFi-AP or WiMAX-BS/ASNGW that can handle OpenFlow
  • 36. OpenFlow Controller (1/2) ▌OSS NOX POX SNAC Trema Beacon, Floodlight Ryu, Node Flow, Flow ER, Nettle, Mirage, ovs-controller, Maestro https://events.linuxfoundation.org/images/stories/pdf/lcjp2012_yamahata_openflow.pdf Page 36
  • 37. OpenFlow Controller (2/2) ▌Products available Nicira: NVP Network Virtualization Platform BigSwitch: Floodlight based? Midokura: Midonet NTT Data: Travelping: FlowER based NEC: ProgrammableFlow Page 37
  • 38. WHY OPENFLOW/SDN? Page 38 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 39. Network is complicated! “To support a cloud infrastructure, in reality all aspects of the IT infrastructure must be cloud-enabled, including storage, software, and – importantly – networking. Legacy network architectures are designed to support static network configurations and often do not provide the flexibility required to support cloud and data center deployments.” Rohit Mehra, IDC January 2012 Page 39 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 40. Challenges of Managing a Data Center Network Has your organization experienced any of the following network operations problems? Too many manual processes 40% Difficulties/delays associated with change and/or configuration management 36% Integration and cooperation between network operations and 34% other IT domains Inability to implement new technology in a timely manner due to 29% lack of maintenance windows ▌ Automation Difficulties and/or delays in provisioning network devices such as 28% ▌ Agility servers, switches, and security appliances 26% ▌ Integration Inability to implement new technology due to poor coordination between IT administration teams ▌ Maintainable 26% Manual IP address management using tools like spreadsheets We have a heterogeneous network where different technical 23% elements need their own network operations 20% Limited skills in the networking team Too many tools 17% We have not experienced any network operations problems 7% Percent of respondents (N=280, multiple responses accepted) © 2011 Enterprise Strategy Group
  • 41. Network Not Keeping Pace with Server Virtualization ▌Many protocols to solve Distributed Complexity performance and scalability • BGP • OSPF requirements • IGMP • Trill ▌Vendor-specific configurations • ICMP • IP ▌Software rollouts frequent Manually Experts Configure ▌Switch-by-switch configuration management Distributed Vendor Control Proprietary • RIP • IS-IS • VLANs • IPsec • UDP • TCP Server virtualization needs an open, agile network
  • 42. FAQ: Why OpenFlow? ▌Benefit ? ▌Risk? ▌New technology? ▌Applications? ▌Potential? ▌Open? ▌Let’s see the history of IT system. Page 42 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 43. Before Virtualization: BV ▌Management of servers and networks are fully separated. ▌There are some difficult problem, for example virtual IP address management SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV L2 Switch L2 Switch Router Page 43
  • 44. BV: Firewall, LoadBalance ▌Switch and routers are redundant ▌Firewall or loadbalancer are specialized hardware and clusterd SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch LB LB LB LB L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch FW FW FW FW Router(L3 Switch) Page 44
  • 45. VLAN appears ▌VLAN can separate subnet ▌number of switch port grows, resouce utilization is improved ▌Multiple subnets can consolidate on same switch. ▌But routing is interchanged by router. SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV VLAN VLAN L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch LB LB LB LB L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch FW FW FW FW Router(L3 Switch) Page 45
  • 46. Extension of VLAN ▌VLAN can be created crossing router. ▌Because subnet can cross router, consistent configurations are necessary SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch LB LB LB LB L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch FW FW FW FW Router(L3 Switch) Page 46
  • 47. Hypervisor appears ▌Virtual machine appears ▌It is impossible to manage by human! ▌LB or FW can be Virtual Appliance VM VM VM VM VM VM LB LB FW VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch LB LB LB LB L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch L2 Switch FW FW FW FW Router(L3 Switch) Page 47
  • 48. vswitch appears ▌trafic inside server can not manageable and complicated ▌separation between server and network become cloudy VM VM VM VM VM VM LB LB FW VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VLAN Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV Switch Switch R
  • 49. Live Migration ▌Live Migration appears, VM can migrate between servers without stop or suspend. ▌VLAN must follow VM migration ▌Resource management became on-demand, VLAN configuration change is more frequently, inventory control of resources is more important. ▌Automation of resource management is desired, not only server resources, but also network resources. VM VM VM VM VM VM LB LB FW VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS VLAN HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV Switch Switch VLAN R Page 49
  • 50. Virtual appliances ▌Virtual appliance appears, traffic route is more complicated. ▌In past days, Firewall and Load Balancer are managed by network side, but virtual appliances belong to server side. In virtualization era, data center operators face various problems not only server/storage side but also network side. VM VM VM VM VM VM LB LB FW VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS Virtual Switch Virtual Switch VS VS VLAN HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV HyperVisor HyperVisor HV HV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV SV Switch Switch VLAN R Page 50
  • 51. Now: Server and Network integrated management Border of Server and Network is not clear. OpenFlow/SDN can be lead of Server and Network integrated management. Server Server AP AP Server Management Before Virtualization Border L2/L3 SW L2/L3 SW Network Management Overlap of Server and Server Server Network Management AP AP AP AP AP AP Integrated Virtualized VM VM VM VM VM VM Server Management vSwitch vSwitch Network OpenFlow Management L2/L3 SW L2/L3 SW Page 51
  • 52. OpenFlow Controller Framework TREMA Page 52 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 53. OpenFlow Programmability ▌OpenFlow Controller software can manage networks ▌There are various control methods HPC •Like traditional interconnect Distributed computing •Try to use real network instead of overlay IT and Network integrated management •Authentication, security, operation.. “OpenFlow is just one of the tools” - Ivan Pepelnjak
  • 54. Trema: Full-Stack OpenFlow Framework for Ruby/C ▌A software platform for OpenFlow Trema @http://trema.github.com/trema/ Controller developers ▌EASY All-in-one package Integrated developing environment Sophisticated APIs for Ruby and C ▌Many sample controllers/parts Useful samples @/src/examples/ Practical samples @TremaApps TremaApps ▌Fully tested and supported @https://github.com/trema/apps ▌Open community Free software (GPLv2) Community participation (even for commercial product) Page 54
  • 55. Scope of Trema ▌Trema = OpenFlow framework = controller platform + integrated network emulator + debugger + etc… ▌Why framework? - Tight loop of "coding, testing, and debugging“ results high productivity Routing control, topology discovery, Authentication-driven application OpenFlow TremaApps User module User module User module Controller Core modules Trema Basic libraries OpenFlow protocol stack Interactive Shell Debugger OpenFlow Integrated Switch Controller and network network Host emulator configuration Real network Page 55
  • 56. Lessons learned OpenFlow iceberg Controller development Scope Debug Debug Debug Debug Network setup Traffic generation Seamless integration of operations and state Diagnose monitoring among controller applications, switches, hosts, etc. Page 56 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 57. What is Trema User application OpenFlow Your OpenFlow controller (in Ruby or C) controller Abstraction mechanisms, and high-level APIs Core: OpenFlow controller libraries and modules Trema Developing environment: Network/host emulator, debugging tool, etc Operation environment: trema commands Trema is “OpenFlow programming framework” for Ruby and C (GPL2) Page 57 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 58. Feature 1: easy coding Repeater hub written by Ruby class RepeaterHub < Controller def packet_in datapath_id, message send_flow_mod_add( datapath_id, Send flow entry add :match => ExactMatch.from( message ), :actions => ActionOutput.new( OFPP_FLOOD ) ) send_packet_out( datapath_id, :packet_in => message, Packet out :actions => ActionOutput.new( OFPP_FLOOD ) ) end end Page 58
  • 59. Feature 2: network emulator ▌“code, test, debug” in one machine Emulation script Development machine vswitch("sw1") { datapath_id "0x1" } My Controller vswitch("sw2") { Trema datapath_id "0x2" } Secure Channel vhost ("host1") vswitch(sw1) vswitch(sw2) vhost ("host2") vhost(host1) vhost(host2) link "host1", "sw1" link "sw1", "sw2" link "host2", "sw2"
  • 60. Feature 3: many sample applications ▌Trema source tree Repeater hub Learning switch Traffic monitor ▌Trema application repository https://github.com/trema/apps Topology discovery/management Routing switch Sliceable Switch ▌Documents published http://gihyo.jp/dev/serial/01/openflow_sd/0010 Page 60
  • 61. SOLUTIONS Page 61 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 62. Our activities around OpenFlow/SDN and OpenStack Distributed Controller Data Center Framework Telecom [Trema] System OpenStack OpenFlow/SDN Cloud Platform OpenFlow Product [Programmable Flow] Storage Orchestration BigData PDCA Lifecycle Page 62 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 63. Award-winning ProgrammableFlow Simple, scalable, secure, open networking ▌First OpenFlow-enabled fabric ▌Secure network-wide virtualization ▌Drag and drop, programmable networking ProgrammableFlow ProgrammableFlow Controller Switch Family
  • 64. Quantum OpenFlow Plugin ▌ OpenStack Quantum OpenStack sub-project Nova Managing virtual network Quantum OSS Released ▌ OpenFlow Plugin OpenFlow Plugin The plugin to use OpenFlow from Quantum Download from https://github.com/nec- openstack/quantum-openflow-plugin OpenFlow Controller ▌ Supported OpenFlow Controller platform (PFC/Trema) Trema http://trema.github.com/trema/ Flow setting ProgrammableFlow PF6800 VTN1 OpenFlow VTN2 Switches VTN3 VTN4 Page 64
  • 65. Isolation of networks ▌SliceableSwitch (trema application) Create virtual L2 slice on OpenFlow NW L1-L4 filter function enabled OpenFlow Switch
  • 66. OpenFlow based Firewall / Load Balancer Not OpenFlow OpenFlow based The Internet The Internet Router OFS Firewall OFC FW LB OFC OFS LB FW or LB appliance is high Without appliance equipment cost Page 66
  • 67. Integrated resource management ▌IT and network resource integrated management OpenFlow for network resource virtualization OpenStack for computing resource virtualization Management user portal: -Create multiple VMs and virtual networks Original Portal -Attach VM to network 100% Open Source Software! OpenStack System management Quantum Plug-in Row: virtual machines Column: virtual networks OpenFlow Controller SliceableSwitch Trema VM VM VM VM KVM Check box on a intersection: KVM Binding of VM and network Open vSwitch Enabling flexible service provisioning OpenFlow switch and agile service deployment Page 67 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 68. Virtualization of mobile core and dynamic SDN control New project with NTT DoCoMo to make a mobile core network flexible and scalable against network congestions due to disaster Virtualization of mobile core network services and dynamic server resource re-allocation for high priority service (Voice/Mail). Central Office Central office High priority Low priority High priority Rich Voice/Mail Rich content Voice/Mail Content Dynamic SDN Control OpenFlow Dynamic SDN Control OpenFlow network network Change Failure resource allocation Failure According to network resource re-allocation for high priority service (Voice/Mail), mobile access network path can be dynamically adjusted. NEC Proprietary and Confidential
  • 69. Issues in Mobile Networks ▌Voice traffic congestion during 3.11 disaster ▌Congestion due to popularity of smart phones ▌Now, control plane signaling will also increase Smart phones cause spike Design to allocate fixed resources in network traffic each peak is a waste of money High-load states Traffic rate occur periodically Time 13:00 20:00 13:00 20:00 NEC Proprietary and Confidential
  • 70. Solution ▐ Dynamic allocation of mobile network resources to solve various network congestions due to  bursty traffic patterns of smart phones  immediate increase of traffic patterns due to disaster Allocating resources to prioritized services Voice Email Music Video File Normal Rich media Allocation is changed Emergency communication from normal to communications emergency Emergency NEC Proprietary and Confidential
  • 71. Resource Allocation Control for Inter Central Office Dynamic resource allocation of virtualized software within Inter central office before after Site2 SIP email M2M Movie Site4 Site3 SIP email Packet Packet VMVM VM VM VMVM VMVM SIP email M2M Movie SIP email M2M Movie Real resource Packet Paket SIP SIP SIP SIP Packet Packet VMVM VM VM VMVM VMVM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Network Real resource Real resource Site1 Resource sharing among Congestion SIP email M2M Movie Network distributed sites SIP email M2M Packet VM VM VM VM Site2 VM VM VM VM Site1 Real resource SIP SIP SIP Packet SIP email M2M Movie Site1 SIP SIP SIP Packet SIP SIP Packet Packet VM VM VM VM VMVM VMVM VMVM VMVM Congestion VM VM VM VM SIP email M2M Movie Real resource Real resource SIP SIP SIP Packet VMVM VMVM VMVM VMVM Real resource Resources shortage cannot be compensated Resources shortage can be dynamically from remote central office compensated from remote central office NEC Proprietary and Confidential
  • 72. Hybrid Cloud Demonstration at the Interop TOKYO, June 2012 SDN for private clouds SDN for public clouds WebSAM and ProgrammableFlow OpenStack and ProgrammableFlow Cloud Manager Cloud Manager Enterprise/ IaaS Service users IaaS operator Operator Centralized Centralized Virtual server Virtual server controller controller /Trema Network pool Server pool Network pool Server pool Resource IaaS Programmable Load Programmable Firewall Server Storage Server Storage Manager Flow switch Balancer Flow switch NEC original solutions for sophisticated IaaS operators with their customizations Enterprise users and IaaS operators Page 72
  • 73. Security ▌Quantum extension for network filtering ▌Filtering and detecting packet between VMs Internet Internet NAT / Gateway NAT / Gateway Firewall Firewall Virtualized Network Virtualized Network VM VM VM VM VM VM
  • 74. Bare metal support ▌OpenStack bare metal with network isolation OpenFlow switch can isolate network security function by OpenFlow open vSwitch OpenStack provisioning VM Nova hv VM OpenFlow Network Physical Server • Network Isolation Quantum plugin OpenFlow • Firewall Controller • Avoid MAC arrogation
  • 75. Contribution to OpenStack community OpenFlow Plugin target Folsom-3 Quantum other features Page 75 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 76. Why OSS? ▌Vender’s products are like “Tower” ▌OSS is like “City” Tokyo SkyTree, 634m Page 76 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 77. How to make Innovations? ▌Use potentially technology/platform ▌Open ▌Collaboration OpenStack and OpenFlow Page 77 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 78. Thank you! Contact : t-torii@ce.jp.nec.com Page 78 © NEC Corporation 2012
  • 79. © NEC Corporation 2012 Page 79