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By: Benedict S. Gombocz
   Held in Russian SFSR on 12
    June 1991; first presidential
    election in the nation’s history,
    following referendum on
    electing a president in March
   Result was victory for Boris
    Yeltsin, who won 58.6% of the
    vote , and won over CPSU
    candidate Nikolai Ryzhkov
   Yeltsin ran as an independent,
    but was supported by
    Democratic Russia
   Presidential candidate: Boris Yeltsin
       Vice-presidential candidate: Alexander Rutskoy
       Party: None
       Votes: 45,552,041
       Percent: 58.6
   Presidential candidate: Nikolai Ryzhkov
       Vice-presidential candidate: Boris Gromov
       Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union
       Votes: 13,395,335
       Percent: 17.2
   Presidential candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
       Vice-presidential candidate: Andrey Zavidiya
       Party: Liberal Democratic Party
       Votes: 6,211,007
       Percent: 8.0
   Presidential candidate: Aman Tuleyev
       Vice-presidential candidate: Victor Bocharov
       Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union
       Votes: 5,417,464
       Percent: 7.0
   Presidential candidate: Albert Makashov
       Vice-presidential candidate: Aleksei Sergeyev
       Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union
       Votes: 2,969,511
       Percent: 3.8
   Presidential candidate: Vadim Bakatin
       Vice-presidential candidate: Ramazan Abdulatipov
       Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union
       Votes: 2,719,757
       Percent: 3.5
   Against all
       Votes: 1,525,410
       Percent: 2.0
   Invalid/blank votes
       Votes: 1,716,757
       Percent: -
   Total
       Votes: 79,507,282
       Percent: 100
   Registered voters/turnout
       Votes: 106,484,518
       Percent: 74.7
   Held in Russia on 16 June 1996;
    second round was held 3 July
   Result was victory for
    incumbent President Boris
    Yeltsin, who ran as independent
    and defeated opponent
    Gennady Zyuganov of
    Communist Party of the Russian
    Federation in run-off
   Yeltsin won 54.4% of the vote;
    his inauguration ceremony was
    held on Friday 9 August
 Candidate:         Candidate: Gennady
  Boris Yeltsin       Zyuganov
                     Party: Communist
 Party: None
                      Party of the Russian
 Votes:              Federation
  26,665,495         Votes: 24,211,686
 Percent: 35.8      Percent: 32.5
   Candidate: Boris       Candidate: Gennady
                            Zyuganov
    Yeltsin
                           Party: Communist Party
   Party: None             of the Russian
                            Federation
   Votes: 40,203,948
                           Votes: 30,102,288
   Percent: 54.4          Percent: 40.7
   Held in Russia on 26 March
    2000
   Incumbent PM and acting
    President Vladimir Putin,
    who ascended to the
    presidency in the wake of
    Boris Yeltsin’s resignation on
    31 December 1999, was
    seeking a four-year term
   Putin won the elections in
    first round over Communist
    opponent Gennady
    Zyuganov
   Candidate: Vladimir Putin              Candidate: Aman Tuleyev
       Party: None                            Party: None
       Votes: 39,740,467                      Votes: 2,217,364
       Percent: 53.4                          Percent: 3.0
   Candidate: Gennady                     Candidate: Vladimir
    Zyuganov                                Zhirinovsky
       Party: Communist Party of the          Party: Liberal Democratic
        Russian Federation                      Party of Russia
       Votes: 21,928,468                      Votes: 2,026,509
       Percent: 29.5                          Percent: 2.7
   Candidate: Grigory                     Konstantin Titov
    Yavlinsky                                  Party: None (unofficially
       Party: Yabloko                          aligned with Union of Right
       Votes: 4,351,450                        Forces)
       Percent: 5.9                           Votes: 1,107,269
                                               Percent: 1.5
   Candidate: Ella Pamfilova            Candidate: Alexey Podberezkin
       Party: For Civic Dignity             Party: Spiritual Heritage
       Votes: 758,967                       Votes: 98,177
       Percent: 1.0                         Percent: 0.1
   Candidate: Stanislav Govorukhin      Candidate: Umar Dzhabrailov
       Party: None                          Party: None
       Votes: 328,723                       Votes: 78,498
       Percent: 0.4                         Percent: 0.1
   Candidate: Yury Skuratov             Against all
       Party: None                          Votes: 1,414,673
       Votes: 319,189                       Percent: 1.9
       Percent: 0.4                     Invalid/blank votes
                                             Votes: 701,016
                                             Percent: -
                                         Total
                                             Votes: 75,070,770
                                             Percent: 100
                                         Registered voters/turnout
                                             Votes: 109,372,043
                                             Percent: 68.6
   Held in Russia on 14 March
    2004
   Incumbent President
    Vladimir Putin was seeking
    another four-year term
   Putin was re-elected with
    71.9% of the vote, winning
    over Communist Party
    candidate Nikolay
    Kharitonov
   Candidate: Vladimir Putin
       Party: None
       Votes: 49,558,328
       Percent: 71.9
   Candidate: Nikolay Kharitinov
       Party: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
       Votes: 9,514,554
       Percent: 13.8
   Candidate: Sergey Glazyev
       Party: None
       Votes: 2,850,610
       Percent: 4.1
   Candidate: Irina Khakamada
       Party: None
       Votes: 2,672,189
       Percent: 3.9
   Oleg Malyshkin
       Party: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
       Votes: 1,405,326
       Percent: 2.0
   Sergey Mironov
       Party: Russian Party of Life
       Votes: 524,332
       Percent: 0.8
   Against all
       Votes: 2,397,140
       Percent: 3.5
   Invalid/blank votes
       Votes: 578,847
       Percent: -
   Total
       Votes: 69,501,326
       Percent: 100
   Registered voters/turnout
       Votes: 108,064,281
       Percent: 64.3
   Held on 2 March 2008; resulted in
    election of Dmitry Medvedev as third
    President of Russia
   Medvedev’s candidacy was backed by
    incumbent President Vladimir Putin and
    five political parties (United Russia, Fair
    Russia, Agrarian Party, Civilian Power,
    Russian Ecological Party “The Greens”)
    and he won 71% of the vote, defeating
    candidates from Communist Party of the
    Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic
    Party of Russia and Democratic Party of
    Russia
   The fairness of this election was disputed
    and official monitoring groups gave
    conflicting reports; some reported the
    election was free and fair and others
    reported that not every candidate had
    equal coverage from the media and that
    Kremlin opposition was not treated fairly
   OSCE election monitoring group declined
    to monitor the election because of what it
    labeled “severe restrictions on its
    observers by the Russian government”, a
    charge Russia fervidly dismissed
   Candidate: Dmitry Medvedev
       Nominating parties: United Russia (was also supported by Agrarian Party, Fair Russia,
        Russian Ecological Party – “The Greens” and Civilian Power, but was officially nominated
        by United Russia)
       Votes: 52,530,712
       Percent: 71.2
   Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov
       Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
       Votes: 13,243,550
       Percent: 18.0
   Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
       Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
       Votes: 6,988,510
       Percent: 9.5
   Candidate: Andrei Bogdanov
       Nominating parties: Democratic Party of Russia
       Votes: 968,344
       Percent: 1.3
   Invalid/blank ballots
       Votes: 1,105,533
       Percent: -
   Total
     Votes: 74,746,649
     Percent: 100
   Registered voters/turnout
     Votes: 107,222,016
     Percent: 69.7
   Held on 4 March 2012 with five officially
    registered candidates: four representatives
    (each one from a party represented in State
    Duma) and one independent
   This election was for the new and extended
    term of six years
   At the United Russia Congress, held in
    Moscow on 24 September 2011, incumbent
    President Dmitry Medvedev offered
    incumbent PM and predecessor Vladimir
    Putin to reclaim the presidency, which Putin
    accepted, offering Medvedev in turn to
    stand on United Russia ticket in legislative
    election in December so Medvedev could be
    PM at the close of his presidential term
   Putin gained 63.64 percent of the vote with
    nearly 100% of the votes counted; with this
    victory, he has received a third term in the
    Kremlin
   Observers from Organization for Security
    and Cooperation in Europe reported there
    were irregularities including ballot stuffing
    at nearly a third of the stations they
    monitored
   Next presidential election will be in 2018
   Candidate: Vladimir Putin
       Nominating parties: United Russia
       Votes: 45,513,001
       Percent: 63.64
   Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov
       Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
       Votes: 12,288,624
       Percent: 17.18
   Candidate: Mikhail Prokhorov
       Nominating parties: None
       Votes: 5,680,558
       Percent: 7.94
   Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
     Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
     Votes: 4,448,959
     Percent: 6.22
   Sergey Mironov
     Party: A Just Russia
     Votes: 2,755,642
     Percent: 3.85
   Valid votes
       Votes: 70,686,784
       Percent: 98.84
   Invalid votes
       Votes: 833,191
       Percent: 1.16
   Total votes
       Votes: 71,519,975
       Percent: 100.00
   Registered voters/turnout
       Votes: 109,610,812
       Percent: 65.25

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Russian presidential elections of 1991, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012

  • 1. By: Benedict S. Gombocz
  • 2. Held in Russian SFSR on 12 June 1991; first presidential election in the nation’s history, following referendum on electing a president in March  Result was victory for Boris Yeltsin, who won 58.6% of the vote , and won over CPSU candidate Nikolai Ryzhkov  Yeltsin ran as an independent, but was supported by Democratic Russia
  • 3. Presidential candidate: Boris Yeltsin  Vice-presidential candidate: Alexander Rutskoy  Party: None  Votes: 45,552,041  Percent: 58.6  Presidential candidate: Nikolai Ryzhkov  Vice-presidential candidate: Boris Gromov  Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union  Votes: 13,395,335  Percent: 17.2  Presidential candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky  Vice-presidential candidate: Andrey Zavidiya  Party: Liberal Democratic Party  Votes: 6,211,007  Percent: 8.0
  • 4. Presidential candidate: Aman Tuleyev  Vice-presidential candidate: Victor Bocharov  Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union  Votes: 5,417,464  Percent: 7.0  Presidential candidate: Albert Makashov  Vice-presidential candidate: Aleksei Sergeyev  Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union  Votes: 2,969,511  Percent: 3.8  Presidential candidate: Vadim Bakatin  Vice-presidential candidate: Ramazan Abdulatipov  Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union  Votes: 2,719,757  Percent: 3.5
  • 5. Against all  Votes: 1,525,410  Percent: 2.0  Invalid/blank votes  Votes: 1,716,757  Percent: -  Total  Votes: 79,507,282  Percent: 100  Registered voters/turnout  Votes: 106,484,518  Percent: 74.7
  • 6. Held in Russia on 16 June 1996; second round was held 3 July  Result was victory for incumbent President Boris Yeltsin, who ran as independent and defeated opponent Gennady Zyuganov of Communist Party of the Russian Federation in run-off  Yeltsin won 54.4% of the vote; his inauguration ceremony was held on Friday 9 August
  • 7.  Candidate:  Candidate: Gennady Boris Yeltsin Zyuganov  Party: Communist  Party: None Party of the Russian  Votes: Federation 26,665,495  Votes: 24,211,686  Percent: 35.8  Percent: 32.5
  • 8. Candidate: Boris  Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov Yeltsin  Party: Communist Party  Party: None of the Russian Federation  Votes: 40,203,948  Votes: 30,102,288  Percent: 54.4  Percent: 40.7
  • 9. Held in Russia on 26 March 2000  Incumbent PM and acting President Vladimir Putin, who ascended to the presidency in the wake of Boris Yeltsin’s resignation on 31 December 1999, was seeking a four-year term  Putin won the elections in first round over Communist opponent Gennady Zyuganov
  • 10. Candidate: Vladimir Putin  Candidate: Aman Tuleyev  Party: None  Party: None  Votes: 39,740,467  Votes: 2,217,364  Percent: 53.4  Percent: 3.0  Candidate: Gennady  Candidate: Vladimir Zyuganov Zhirinovsky  Party: Communist Party of the  Party: Liberal Democratic Russian Federation Party of Russia  Votes: 21,928,468  Votes: 2,026,509  Percent: 29.5  Percent: 2.7  Candidate: Grigory  Konstantin Titov Yavlinsky  Party: None (unofficially  Party: Yabloko aligned with Union of Right  Votes: 4,351,450 Forces)  Percent: 5.9  Votes: 1,107,269  Percent: 1.5
  • 11. Candidate: Ella Pamfilova  Candidate: Alexey Podberezkin  Party: For Civic Dignity  Party: Spiritual Heritage  Votes: 758,967  Votes: 98,177  Percent: 1.0  Percent: 0.1  Candidate: Stanislav Govorukhin  Candidate: Umar Dzhabrailov  Party: None  Party: None  Votes: 328,723  Votes: 78,498  Percent: 0.4  Percent: 0.1  Candidate: Yury Skuratov  Against all  Party: None  Votes: 1,414,673  Votes: 319,189  Percent: 1.9  Percent: 0.4  Invalid/blank votes  Votes: 701,016  Percent: -  Total  Votes: 75,070,770  Percent: 100  Registered voters/turnout  Votes: 109,372,043  Percent: 68.6
  • 12. Held in Russia on 14 March 2004  Incumbent President Vladimir Putin was seeking another four-year term  Putin was re-elected with 71.9% of the vote, winning over Communist Party candidate Nikolay Kharitonov
  • 13. Candidate: Vladimir Putin  Party: None  Votes: 49,558,328  Percent: 71.9  Candidate: Nikolay Kharitinov  Party: Communist Party of the Russian Federation  Votes: 9,514,554  Percent: 13.8  Candidate: Sergey Glazyev  Party: None  Votes: 2,850,610  Percent: 4.1  Candidate: Irina Khakamada  Party: None  Votes: 2,672,189  Percent: 3.9
  • 14. Oleg Malyshkin  Party: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia  Votes: 1,405,326  Percent: 2.0  Sergey Mironov  Party: Russian Party of Life  Votes: 524,332  Percent: 0.8  Against all  Votes: 2,397,140  Percent: 3.5  Invalid/blank votes  Votes: 578,847  Percent: -  Total  Votes: 69,501,326  Percent: 100  Registered voters/turnout  Votes: 108,064,281  Percent: 64.3
  • 15. Held on 2 March 2008; resulted in election of Dmitry Medvedev as third President of Russia  Medvedev’s candidacy was backed by incumbent President Vladimir Putin and five political parties (United Russia, Fair Russia, Agrarian Party, Civilian Power, Russian Ecological Party “The Greens”) and he won 71% of the vote, defeating candidates from Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia and Democratic Party of Russia  The fairness of this election was disputed and official monitoring groups gave conflicting reports; some reported the election was free and fair and others reported that not every candidate had equal coverage from the media and that Kremlin opposition was not treated fairly  OSCE election monitoring group declined to monitor the election because of what it labeled “severe restrictions on its observers by the Russian government”, a charge Russia fervidly dismissed
  • 16. Candidate: Dmitry Medvedev  Nominating parties: United Russia (was also supported by Agrarian Party, Fair Russia, Russian Ecological Party – “The Greens” and Civilian Power, but was officially nominated by United Russia)  Votes: 52,530,712  Percent: 71.2  Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov  Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation  Votes: 13,243,550  Percent: 18.0  Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky  Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia  Votes: 6,988,510  Percent: 9.5  Candidate: Andrei Bogdanov  Nominating parties: Democratic Party of Russia  Votes: 968,344  Percent: 1.3  Invalid/blank ballots  Votes: 1,105,533  Percent: -
  • 17. Total  Votes: 74,746,649  Percent: 100  Registered voters/turnout  Votes: 107,222,016  Percent: 69.7
  • 18. Held on 4 March 2012 with five officially registered candidates: four representatives (each one from a party represented in State Duma) and one independent  This election was for the new and extended term of six years  At the United Russia Congress, held in Moscow on 24 September 2011, incumbent President Dmitry Medvedev offered incumbent PM and predecessor Vladimir Putin to reclaim the presidency, which Putin accepted, offering Medvedev in turn to stand on United Russia ticket in legislative election in December so Medvedev could be PM at the close of his presidential term  Putin gained 63.64 percent of the vote with nearly 100% of the votes counted; with this victory, he has received a third term in the Kremlin  Observers from Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe reported there were irregularities including ballot stuffing at nearly a third of the stations they monitored  Next presidential election will be in 2018
  • 19. Candidate: Vladimir Putin  Nominating parties: United Russia  Votes: 45,513,001  Percent: 63.64  Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov  Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation  Votes: 12,288,624  Percent: 17.18  Candidate: Mikhail Prokhorov  Nominating parties: None  Votes: 5,680,558  Percent: 7.94  Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky  Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia  Votes: 4,448,959  Percent: 6.22
  • 20. Sergey Mironov  Party: A Just Russia  Votes: 2,755,642  Percent: 3.85  Valid votes  Votes: 70,686,784  Percent: 98.84  Invalid votes  Votes: 833,191  Percent: 1.16  Total votes  Votes: 71,519,975  Percent: 100.00  Registered voters/turnout  Votes: 109,610,812  Percent: 65.25