Location Based Services update for Small Cell Forum

®

Location Based Services
and
The Open Geospatial Consortium
George Percivall, OGC Chief Engineer
gpercivall@opengeospatial.org @percivall

Small Cell Forum
6 December 2013
Copyright © 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium

Power of Location
• “Location targeting is holy grail for marketers”
– Sir Martin Sorrell, WPP CEO, MWC 2011

• By measuring the entropy of each individual’s trajectory, we
find a 93% potential predictability in user mobility
– Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility, Science 2010

• 1st law of geography: "Everything is related to everything
else, but near things are more related than distant things.”
– Waldo Tobler

OGC

®

Progression of geospatial information

Region-Centric
Geospatial
Information

Feature-Centric
Geospatial
Information

Human-Centric
Geospatial
Information

Device-Centric
Geospatial
Information

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

OGC

®

Source of slide: Steve Liang, Univ. Calgary and chairman of OGC Sensor Web 4 IoT

Progression of Geospatial Information
Device-Centric
Geospatial
Information

Human-Centric
Geospatial
Information
Feature-Centric
Geospatial
Information

IoT
Space
Indoor
Space

OGC

®

Region-Centric
Geospatial
Information

Source: S. Liang

Critical Interoperability Issues
OGC addresses Common Concerns:
 "We can't share location data accurately.”
 “How can I use geospatial information to benefit
my user applications.”
 "We can't easily access and process sensor data”
 “Which indoor positioning technology we should
implement?”
 “How will we get indoor maps for all those
buildings?”

OGC

®

The OGC Vision
Achieve the full societal, economic and
scientific benefits of integrating location
resources into commercial and institutional
processes worldwide

http://www.webviewservice.org/

OGC

http://indoorgml.net/

®

The Open Geospatial Consortium
Not-for-profit, international voluntary consensus standards
organization; leading development of geospatial standards
• Founded in 1994.
• 475+ members and growing
University
24%

• 33 “core” standards
• 15 extensions/profiles

Commercial
41%
Research
7%

• Hundreds of product
implementations

• Broad user community
implementation worldwide

NGO
10%

• Alliances and collaborative activities
with ISO and many other SDO’s

OGC

®


Government
18%

OGC at a Glance
Not-for-profit, international voluntary consensus standards
organization; leading development of geospatial standards
• Founded in 1994.

South America
4

• 475+ members and growing

Asia
Pacific, 59

• 33 “core” standards
• 15 extensions/profiles
• Hundreds of product
implementations

North America
163

Europe
203

• Broad user community
implementation worldwide
• Alliances and collaborative activities
with ISO and many other SDO’s

OGC

Africa, 4

Middle East
8

®


OGC Alliance Partners
A Critical Resource for Advancing Standards

… and others

OGC

®

www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/alliancepartners

What does the OGC provide?
• Agreed upon consensus process for defining, testing,
documenting, and approving standards

• Staff knowledge, expertise and support to work with the
members to facilitate the consensus process.
• Comprehensive communications infrastructure for
announcements, discussions and knowledge management
• A consensus-based forum for conflict resolution
• A set of standards with compliance tests

OGC

®

Compliant and Implementing Products
Registered on the OGC Website
• 242 Organizations
751 Products
460 OGC Compliant Listings
4424 Self-Registered Implementation Listings
– http://www.opengeospatial.org/resource/products/

OGC

®

OGC Web Services Standards
The GeoWeb is enabled by OGC standards:
Web Map Service (WMS)
Web Feature Service (WFS)
Web Coverage Service (WCS)
Web Processing Service (WPS)
Style Layer Descriptor (SLD)
Catalogue (CSW)
OWS Context
Geography Markup Language
(GML)
KML

OGC

®

OGC Sensor Web Enablement
(SWE) Standards
Discovery and tasking of sensor assets, and the access and application
of sensor observations for enhanced situational awareness
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

OGC

Sensor Model Language
Observations & Measurements
Sensor Observation Service (SOS)
Sensor Planning Service (SPS)
Sensor Alert Service (SAS)
Catalogue Service/Sensors
PUCK

®

OGC OpenLS Standards
• Open platform for location-based application services
• Developed in coordination with OMA
• GeoMobility Services
– Geocode
– Reverse Geocode
– Route Service
– Navigation Service
– Tracking Service

OGC

®

OpenLS Abstract Data Types
The OpenLS Information Model
Position ADT
Address ADT

A polygon, bounding box or circle used as a search template

Location ADT

A location (Position, Address or POI)

Map ADT

The portrayal of maps and feature overlays (routes & POI)

Route Summary ADT

Metadata pertaining to a route

Route Geometry ADT

Geometry data for a route

Route Maneuvers ADT

Navigation maneuver data for a route

Route Directions ADT

Address
ADT

The location where someone can find place, product or service

Area of Interest (AOI) ADT

LIF
MLP

Street address or intersection

Point of Interest (POI) ADT

Position
ADT

Point location in well-known coordinate system

Turn-by-turn navigation instructions for a route

Reverse
Geocode

Address
ADT

Geodata
Address ADT
AOI ADT
Position ADT

Gateway

Position
ADT

Geocode

Directory

Presentation

POI
ADT

Position
ADT

OGC

®

Location
ADT

Directories

Route
Determination

Route Data


Maps
Routes
Route Instructions
POIs

Route Summary ADT
Route Geometry ADT
Route Maneuvers ADT
Route Directions ADT

OpenLS Services
• Directory
– Find location of a specific or nearest place, product or service.

• Location Gateway
– Fetches position of a known mobile terminal from the network.
– Modeled after OMA Mobile Location Protocol (MLP), Standard
Location Immediate Service

• Geocoder/Reverse Geocoder
– transforms a description of a location, such as a place name, into a
geometry (e.g. GML Point)

• Presentation (Map Portrayal) Service
– Portrays a base map derived and a set of ADT’s as overlays.

OGC

®

OpenLS Services
• Route
– determines travel routes and navigation information between two or
more points.

• Navigation
– Enhanced Route Service, while being current position cognizant.

• Tracking
1. Position updates to a Tracking Server
2. Query Tracking Server by subscriber or Mobile Terminal ID
3. Relay Position from Tracking Server to downstream consumers

OGC

®

Typical Java-based Implementation
Mobile Terminal Detail

Mobile
Terminal

Browser
(Optional) Java Application
J2ME CLDC/MIDP

Portal
GMS Detail

Wireless
Network

OpenLS Application

GMS

XML Request

XML Response

Core Service Client Library
Java & PL/SQL Interfaces
J2EE Connectors
Java Reflection, HTTP, SOAP, JSP, and JDBC Interfaces
Adapters

GMLC/
MPC

OGC

Core
Service Java
Bean

PL/SQL

Content

®

UDDI,
Service WSDL,
Registry ebXML
Web
Service

OpenLS concept for Metro Traffic Management
GeoMobility Server

Mobile Terminal

Travel
Aid Service

Portal &
Service
Platforms

Tracking
Service

Gateway
Service

Track Data

(front-end)

LIF MLP

Route
Determination
Service

Presentation
Service

Geocoder
Service

Directory
Service

Traffic
Service

Travel
Advisory
Service

Route
Data

Map Data

Address
Data

Directory
Data (e.g.,
Y. P.)

Traffic
Data

Advisory
Data

GMLC/MPC

Traffic Data Service (ASP)

Traffic Back Office
Application
Real-time Tracking
Weather Advisory Back
Office Application

Weather Data Service (ASP)

Road Construction Back
Office Application

Road Construction Data Service (ASP)
Back Office Apps

Future OpenLS

Current OpenLS


Implementation example:
xls:RouteGeometryType
•
•
•
•
•
•

https://code.google.com/p/osm-geocoder
http://liferay50.dz.decarta.com
http://reference.mapinfo.com/software/envinsa
http://www.schemacentral.com/sc/niem20
https://github.com/Emergya/GoFleetLSServer
http://www.planyourroute.com/Docs/JavaXML/api/com/telc
ontar

OGC

®

Points of Interest
• POI Standard development
– Began in W3C with OGC participation
– OGC Standards Working Group formed to complete work
– Final OGC vote and adoption process

• Key Use Case
– Authoritative source maintains PoIs (Starbucks maintains their PoIs)
– PoI Aggregators offer services (Google offers search on PoI
database)
– Consolidators gather PoIs from Authoritative sources using OGC
PoI Spec
– http://openpoi.ogcnetwork.net

OGC

®

GeoPackage
the new universal geodata file format
• GeoPackage is a universal file format for geodata.
– open, standards-based, application and platform independent, and
self-describing.
– Built on SQLite, so works on any desktop or mobile OS

• GeoPackage - the modern alternative to
formats like GeoTIFF, SDTS and shapefiles
• Experience it here:
http://www.ogcnetwork.net/geopackage

OGC

®

Open GeoSMS = SMS + Location

http://maps.google.com/?
q=40.036421,105.272215&GeoSMS
let’s meet at the corner of
Iris Ave. slayer

OGC

®

Augmented Reality Markup Language
www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/arml2.0swg
ARML2
Under
development, Releas
ed for public
comment and testing

http://www.webviewservice.org/

OGC

®

http://www.openarml.org/
Copyright © 2013, Open
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wikitude.jpg
Geospatial Consortium

Indoor Frontier
Framework for Indoor Location and Navigation
1. Position Determination
2. Indoor Maps
3. Navigation and Routing
4. Indoor location quality

• OGC standards
– IndoorGML – underway
– Indoor 2D venue map - TBD
– Indoor location quality

OGC

®

InDoorGML
• IndoorGML representation and exchange of geoinformation
required to build and operate indoor navigation systems
• Not just geometry but a model of the indoor space!
• Adoption vote anticipated in 1Q2014

OGC

®

http://www.opengeospatial.org/blog/1814

Blog

OGC

®

Interoperability is about Organizations
“Interoperability seems to be about the
integration of information.
What it’s really about is the coordination of
organizational behavior.”
David Schell
CEO and Chairman
OGC

http://indoorgml.net/

OGC

®

IndoorGML: Multilayered Space Model
1st layer: Topographic space model
–
–
–

building’ structure (topography)
geometric-topological model
network for route planning

2nd layer: Sensor space model
–
–
–

sensor / transmitter structure
coverage of sensor areas
transition between sensor areas

• Builds on existing International standards CityGML and IFC
– Already suitable for addressing, route descriptions and route tracking
– Add: sensor space model, mode of navigation, logical layers
http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/swg

OGC

®
© 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium

indoorgml.net
30

Location Based Services update for Small Cell Forum

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