The document provides an overview of the Satellite Image Data Service (SIDS), which provides satellite imagery online for UK academics. It discusses SIDS's data archive, development activities including processing ASAR data and extending data access through OGC services, and learning materials like an image processing course. Future goals include expanding data holdings, extending web mapping clients, and obtaining 5 more years of JISC funding.

1. Satellite Image Data Service:
Providing Satellite Data Online for
the UK Academic Community
Gail Millin
Geodata Interoperability Support Officer
The University of Nottingham
School of Geography Research Seminar
13th
December 2006

2. 13th December 2006 Satellite Image Data Service 2
Presentation Outline
 Introduction to Satellite Image Data Service
 Organisation
 Data archive
 Development Activities
 Image Processing of ASAR data
 Extending Data Access Infrastructure
 Learning Materials
 Image Processing Course
 Future Work and Goals
 Expand Current Data Holdings
 Extending Web Mapping Clients
 Proposal to JISC for 5 Years Funding

3. 13th December 2006 Satellite Image Data Service 3
Introduction to SIDS

4. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service4
MIMAS Organisation

5. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service5
Satellite Image Data Service (SIDS)
 Supports a large geographic data resource
 Available to academics attending an institute that has paid
a JISC data hosting charge.
 Web-based access to a range of satellite imagery for the
British Isles for research and teaching purposes:
 Landsat 5 (late 80’s early 90’s) & Landsat 7 (1999 – 2000)
 Mediterranean data (Landsat imagery only)
 SPOT (mid 1990’s)
 ERS 1 & 2 (1995 – 1999)
 Raw Satellite Data Archive of the above
 ENVISAT ASAR – AP, IM & WS (2005 – 2006)
 Landmap 25m DEM (derived from ERS) and Georeferenced
SRTM

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Satellite Data Available!

7. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service7
Landsat 5 & 7
 Projected to British National Grid
 64 multi-spectral TM images each scene contains 7 bands
and 8 bands for Landsat 7 for 180km x 160km coverage
 30m, 25m and 15m L7 panchromatic
 JPEG, GeoTiff, Imagine

8. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service8
SPOT
 Projected to British National Grid
 150 Panchromatic images available
 10m resolution 60km x 60km coverage
 ECW & GeoTiff format

9. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service9
New ENVISAT ASAR
Alternating Polarisation
©ESA,2004
Image Mode
©ESA,2005
Wide Swath
©ESA,2005

10. 13th December 2006 Introduction to the Satellite Image Data Service10
Landmap ERS & DEM

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Data Provision
 Seasonality
 Managed 500GB of data and provides a data portal
 No copyright – share results freely
 Decrease expensive for users and negotiations of
licenses done on users behalf
 High quality metadata (updated 2006-07) – XML
 Can be used for a wide range of applications
 Geomorphology Mapping (Smith et al., 2006)
 Hydrological Modelling (Bundela, 2005)
 Land Cover Classification (Clack, 2004)

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Image Processing

13. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - ASAR Image Processing13
Data Aquisition
STEP 1 – Get Data from European Space Agency

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SARScape
Chosen due to :
• Ease of Use – GUI
• Good user support
• Instructor led course
• Plugs into ENVI 4.1
• View orthorectified
product directly
• Supports all three
ASAR modes
STEP 2 – Identify Specialised software

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Image Processing Chain
STEP 3 – Create an Image Processing Chain

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Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar
Alternating Polarisation
©ESA,2004
Image Mode
©ESA,2005
Wide Swath
©ESA,2005
STEP 4 – View Processing Outputs

17. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - ASAR Image Processing17
Colour Composite ASAR
 ASAR imagery, British Isles coverage, GB
National Grid and Irish Grid Coordinates.
 Provided in WMS and WCS services for
 Image Mode (IS2 Swath),
 Alternating Polarisation,
 Wide Swath
Future Work
Provide data at different times of the year –
seasonality
 Create Coherence Colour Composite Multi
Images and interferograms.
 Provide on-line learning support materials for
ASAR data
Image Mode Coherence Colour
Composite
STEP 5 – Derive Further Datasets

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Interactive Mapping

19. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure19
OGC Services
 Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) - a non-profit,
international, voluntary standards organization, leading the
development of standards for geospatial services
 OGC founded in August 1994 and includes a wide range
of vendor members, universities, state agencies and
federal agencies
 Aim is to advance geo-processing interoperability across
the GIS industry
 Web Map Services (WMS)
 Web Feature Services (WFS)
 Web Coverage Services (WCS)

20. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure20
What is Interoperability?
 One does not have to adopt the same format to be interoperable!
 Interoperability aims to adopt a negotiating system to understand a
wide range of formats e.g. WMS, WFS and WCS
‘one should actively be engaged in the ongoing process of ensuring
that the systems, procedures and culture of an organisation are
managed in such a way as to maximise opportunities for exchange
and re-use of information, whether internally or externally’
Paul Miller, University of Hull
 At the SIDS WMS provide an alternative to the traditional download
area of the website and potential to exchange data with other
academic institutions

21. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure21
Justification
 SIDS can better utilize the imagery in the archive
 Increase visibility to an increasingly sophisticated user
community, reducing the need to contact the SIDS by
more traditional means e.g.
 Telephone
 In writing
 Working on-line with traditional point and click download
interface
 By the SIDS abiding by OGC specifications our service
can be an interoperable organization with others,
increasing the potential usability of the service.
 The SIDS can still maintain our own unique branding
within the Portals through which the content is available
e.g. Customized Chameleon OGC Viewer.

22. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure22
Interoperability Project
 JISC Funded Interoperability Project
 Prove the feasibility of delivering geo-spatial data using OGC
standards for GIS web services within UK academia
 The primary objective - develop a set of use case based
demonstrator applications
 promote interoperability between distributed data sources to
maximize their combined value;
 improve and enhance the communities experience of
interacting with geospatial data; and
 support the work of the Collections Team in developing
further use of geospatial data resources already at the
disposal of the community
 Data centres involved MIMAS, EDINA, ICEDS & NERC

23. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure23
Open Source Web Tools
 MapServer 4.8.1
 A freely available, open source development environment,
offering support of WMS and WCS
http://mapserver.gis.umn.edu/
 Supporting libraries
 PROJ 4 for on-the-fly projection
 Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) a translator
library for raster data
 Chameleon 2.0
 Easily customisable web client for web service interface
 Requires PHP MapScript module.
 Many other web tools available e.g.
 MapBender, kaMap, GeoServer

24. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure24
Data Preparation
 Pyramiding
 25m, 50m and 100m resolution for ortholandsat 5 and
7 stretched mosaics.
 Tiling
 Shapefile index created for tiled data, improve server
response time by requesting tiles that fall into the
bounding box defined by the user.
 Band Combinations
 Landsat 5 mosaic bands 7,4,2 highlight urban areas in
pinkish purple colour for the urban use case.
 Create ECW and GeoTiff imagery in British
National Grid
 Required for image streaming and to provide as WCS

25. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure25
WMS & WCS Configurationd
Mapfile Structure
Top of Mapfile
Bottom of Mapfile
Mapfile Elements
Name, Extent, Shapepath, Imagecolour,
Imagetype, Units, Debug
Image path and ImageURL
WMS title, onlineresource,
accessconstraints, address,
contactperson, contactorg, telephone,
fees, keywordlist, abstract, srs
EPSG code or Projection and Datum
Name “png24”, Mimetype “image/png”,
Driver “GD/PNG” Imagemode “RGBA”
Extension “png”
Name, group, status, type, tileindex,
tileitem, offsite, transform, processing,
debug, metadata and projection
MAP
WEB
METADATA
PROJECTION
OUTPUTFORMAT
LAYER

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MapFile - WMS Layer Element

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WMS GetCapabilities Request
 GetCapabilities request
 http://camber.mc.man.ac.uk/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?
map=wms_mimas_mosaic.map&REQUEST=GetCapabiliti
es
 Discover information about a WMS,
 What layers are contained in the WMS,
 Projection the data is being served in
 Metadata information
 Access constraints
 Contact information

28. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure28
MapFile WCS Configuration

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WCS GetCoverage Request
 When using the below URL a download dialogue box will
appear and will prompt the user to save the file.
http://camber.mc.man.ac.uk/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?
map=wcs_mimas_mosaic.map&SERVICE=WCS&REQU
EST=GetCoverage&Coverage=Landsat7Pan&BBOX=0,
0,700005,1050000&CRS=EPSG:27700&RESX=25&RE
SY=25&FORMAT=ecw
 The data can then be viewed and used in an image
processing or GIS package e.g. ERDAS Imagine and
ER Mapper.

30. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure30
1. View & Download – Landmap OGC Client (WMS/WCS)

31. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure31
Project Outcomes….Issues
 Web services created are not secure therefore after the
project services requiring authentication were withdrawn
from interoperating
 No infrastructure available as yet for authentication of users to
OGC academic services
 Require a modification to OGC web services to secure access
to resources at the dataset level.
 Clients created as part of the project did not provide any
geo-processing capabilities or geographic analysis
functionalities. Provides web mapping rather than web GIS
 Cartographic quality
 Require options for changing symbology of overlaid spatial
data, creation of Style Layer Descriptors

32. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure32
Web GIS
Buffering
Overlay operations
Classification
ICEDS
Server
EDINA
Server
OWS Providers Web Services
WCS
WMS
WMS
WMS
WFS
Web Client Output
WCS
Request
Response
MIMAS
Server
Graphs
Maps
Tables
Download
Software
packages
Metadata

33. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure33
Benefits of Implementing OGC Services
 Building relationships between institutions to achieve
interoperability between web services sharing
knowledge and expertise
 Produce a range of OGC interoperable web services
in academia (WMS;WFS;WCS) (MIMAS, UCL, EDINA
and NERC)
 Potentially enhances useful information that the end
user can gain by combining a wide variety of data in one
user interface
Project Outcomes….Benefits 1

34. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure34
Project Outcomes….Benefits 2
 Investigate a range of web clients available to
developers to serve WMS & WFS
 Ionic Red Spider - ICEDS
 Chameleon - MIMAS
 RightWebMap - MIMAS
 In-house built solution – EDINA
 Economically cheap and fast to create OGC Services
 Allowed the Satellite Image Data Service to provide an
interactive mapping interface for users prior to
downloading data

35. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure35
Non Open Source Tools
 ER Mappers Image Web Server
 RightWebMap Client from ER Mapper
Benefits
 Real time zoom and roam capabilities using the Enhanced
Wavelet Protocol
 Cheaper price for academics
 Easily configurable using the Image Web Server Console
 Select the directories containing the data to serve
 Provides a GetCapabilities request
 Supports OGC WMS, ESRI ArcXML, Image X & ECWP
 Can integrate a variety of WMS together to view data from
different servers

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2. View – Landmap Image Streaming Client

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http://landmap.mimas.ac.uk

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3. View – Heavy Client e.g. ArcExplorer

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4. View & Download – Landmap Point & Click Area

40. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure40

41. 13th December 2006 Development Activities - Data Access Infrastructure41
Infrastructure Developments
 3 Methods of Viewing
 Web Mapping Service (WMS) via OGC Landmap
Viewer
 Image Streaming via Landmap Image Streaming
Viewer OR via free downloadable heavy clients such
as ESRI ArcExplorer or Cadcorp
 Screenshots of the Data provided in Point & Click
Download Service
 2 Methods of Downloading Data
 Landmap Point and Click (via drop down menus)
service
 Landmap Web Coverage Service (WCS) (still in
development)

42. 13th December 2006 Satellite Image Data Service 42
Learning Materials

43. 13th December 2006 SIDS Learning Materials 43
New Image Processing Course
Modules include: -Modules include: -
 Information Extraction
 Spectral Mapping
 Geo-referencing
 Structural Mapping
 Vegetation Mapping
 Land Cover Classification
 Meteorology
 Sea-Surface Temperature
Mapping
 Coastal Mapping
 Integration with GIS
 Mineral Exploitation
Adapted for: -Adapted for: -
RSI ENVIRSI ENVI
ERDAS ImagineERDAS Imagine
PCIPCI
Idrisi KilimanjaroIdrisi Kilimanjaro
Visit: -Visit: -
www.landmap.ac.uk/ipcwww.landmap.ac.uk/ipc
Requirements: -Requirements: -
Athens Username &Athens Username &
PasswordPassword
Attend a subscribed institutionAttend a subscribed institution

44. 13th December 2006 SIDS Learning Materials 44
Other Information Resources Include…
 Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing Course
 Geographical Information Systems Tutorial
Provide Support
 Advising users about available resources
 Provide solutions and access to the latest datasets
 Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) web pages
 Support email to submit enquiries and requests
 New ‘Image of the Month’ feature allows users to learn with
examples

45. 13th December 2006 Satellite Image Data Service 45
Future Work

46. 13th December 2006 Future Work 46
Acquire New Data
LiDAR sample data
Licenses to be finalised with the suppliers
Disaster Monitoring
Constellation
•Further ASAR Acquisitions

47. 13th December 2006 Future Work 47
Future Work
 Grid Enable the Satellite Image Data Service as part of
the JISC approved GEMS II Project.
 Create Metadata for the New ENVISAT ASAR data
 Further develop the Interactive Mapping Service
 Create further WMS and WCS
 Incorporate the XML metadata into the Chameleon and
RightWebMap clients
 Explore the use of GloVis Java Heavy Client as a
Catalogue Service
 Create a Dynamic Map Extract tool for the Chameleon and
RightWebMap clients

48. 13th December 2006 Future Work 48
Microsoft IIS 6
response
response
request
Front End
Web Client
Map Engine
Web Server
Storage Of
Map Data
WEB MAPPING SERVICE USER INTERFACE
Cham / RWM
PHP MapScript
MAPSERVER
WMS WCS
MIMAS SAN
request
Mapfile
Dynamic Map
Extract
request
request

49. 13th December 2006 Future Work 49
Proposal to JISC
 1 - Extend the service for another five years
 2 - Make the service free at the point of use, i.e. remove
subscriptions to the service
 3 - Enhance the service with yearly acquisitions of
optical, (Landsat or equivalent like DMC) and radar
images (twice a year for Envisat ASAR data)
 4 - Develop a range of enhanced educational and support
materials (e.g. exemplar use cases)
http://www.jisc-
collections.ac.uk/consultations/coll_consultations_existin
g_renewal/coll_con_uksatelliteimagedata.aspx

50. 13th December 2006 Satellite Image Data Service 50
Thanks for Listening 
Enquiries: spatial@mimas.ac.uk
Website: http://landmap.mimas.ac.uk