20140827_presentation RiskAndCrisisManagement_final

5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
An integrated risk and crisis
management approach for terrorist
attacks on public transport
networks
C. Bentler, C. Baumgarten, F. Brauner, T. Kornmayer,
A. Lotter, O.A. Mudimu, A. Lechleuthner
Cologne University of Applied Sciences (CUAS),
Institute of Rescue Engineering and Civil Protection,
Cologne

Need for an integrated risk and crisis management
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• Benefit by sharing
information
• Dealing with the complexity
• Better usability for end user
• Use interfaces between risk
and crisis management
Aim: Best possible reaction in
case of a disaster
Train crash in subway station,
Cologne, 1999
Source: Rhein-Zeitung online (1999)

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Content
I. Problem
II. Risk management
III. Public transportation systems and
their crisis management facets
IV. Methodology for connecting
V. CUAS objectives

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Your definition of RM / CM
• Identify risks
• Risk assessment
• Dealing with risk
 Treatment of any risk
 Protecting the company
time
• Retain to the normal
process as fast as
possible
• Maintain the greatest
possible function
 Reduce damage
Risk Management
(RM)
Crisis Management
(CM)
Crisis/
Danger
Preventive security measures Reactive security measures

Risk
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Risk management in RiKoV
Threat
(ability x motivation)
Vulnerability Consequences
• Assessment tool for public transportation
providers
• Methodology to analyse providers system
• Based on terroristic threats
• User friendly

Vulnerability in RiKoV / CUAS methodology
Exposure Fragility Coping capacity
Based on a generic process model
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Vulnerability
Preventive security
measures
Hazard category
Terrorists’ movement
Planning Preparation Post-processing
Execution

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Dealing with any risks
• Depending on providers
policy and structural
requirements
• Each area requires
different measures or tools
• Areas can be adjustable
Crisis management is
necessary Crisis management
According to International Organization for Standardization 2008

Public transportation systems and their CM facets
Situation
Room
Reactive
security
measures
Business
management
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CM
PR / Media
Emergency
plans
Partnerships
Local officers Authorities
Recovery
Some examples

Integrated risk and crisis management process
Monitoring and review
Crisis management
Risk
treatment
assessment
Risk
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Preparation
Treat the
crisis
Evaluation
Crisis/
Danger
Risk management
Establishing
the context Time
Emergency
Communication and consultation

Information
Scenario
based crisis
plan
Documen-tation
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Interfaces
Possible
Interfaces
Preventive
security
measures
Communi-cation
Coping
capacities
Partnership

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Methodology for connecting:
Exercises for validation
1st phase 2nd phase 3rd phase 4th phase
Simulation Table top exercise
Preventive security
measures
Exercise training
Software simulation
for determination of
theoretical values
First validation and
evaluation on an
haptic model
Validation and
evaluation in a real
train station
Assessment of
interfaces and
interdependencies
between RM and
CM
Risk management Crisis management

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CUAS objectives
Evaluation of all four exercises:
• Identify interfaces between risk and crisis management
• Assess interdependencies
• Developing a process model for crisis management
• Generate a assessment tool for CM
• Integrate the RM and the CM tools
Crisis management
Preparation Treatment Evaluation

Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for
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Disaster Risk Reduction
• How did your work support the implementation of the Hyogo
Framework for Action:
– Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels
– Reduce the underlying risk factors
• From your perspective what are the main gaps, needs and further
steps to be addressed in the Post 2015 Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction in
– Research: Better association between researcher and end user, link
different scientific disciplines
– Education & Training: Awareness of risk management , holist training
programme
– Implementation & Practice: Flexible and adaptable system, support for
existing management tools.
– Policy: Close cooperation between all parties concerned

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Summary
• An integrated RM / CM system enables
transportation providers to protect their system
more effectively with less effort.
• CUAS approach to combine:
– Process model for CM
– Identify interfaces
– Assess interdependencies
• Simulation, table top and crisis management
exercises to collect data

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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C. Bentler, C. Baumgarten, F. Brauner, T. Kornmayer,
A. Lotter, O.A. Mudimu, A. Lechleuthner
Cologne University of Applied Sciences (CUAS),
Institute of Rescue Engineering and Civil Protection,
Cologne

www.grforum.org
References
• Rhein-Zeitung online (1999) Crash im U-Bahn-Tunnel. 24th August 1999; Cologne; Online available at
http://archiv.rhein-zeitung.de/on/99/08/24/topnews/ubahn1_.html; last access on14th August 2014
• ASME-Innovative Technologies Institute (2006). The RAMCAP Framework: Risk Analysis and Management
for Critical Asset Protection. Version 2.0. Washington DC.
• Bajon, Arno; Lülsdorf, Dominic; Schröter, Reinhold (2012). Wenn es "brennt" - Krisen im ÖPNV: Die Arbeit
von Krisenstäben im ÖPNV. DER NAHVERKEHR(11), 7–12.
• COUNTERACT Consortium (2009). Crisis Communication Strategy and Guidlines Final Report, in
COUNTERACT Consortium (Hg.): COUNTERACT: Cluster Of User Networks in Transport and Energy Relating
to Anti-terrorist ACTivities, Deliverable 5.
• Cox, Louis A. Jr. (2008). Some Limitations of “Risk = Threat × Vulnerability × Consequence” for Risk Analysis
of Terrorist Attacks. RISK ANALYSIS 28(6), 1749–1761.
• Cologne University of Applied Sciences (CUAS) - IRG (2014). Prozessmodellierung der Operationspläne,
Projektbericht L2.1. RiKoV Project. Cologne.
• German Federal Ministry of the Interior (2008). Protecting Critical Infrastructures – Risk and Crisis
Management: A guide for companies and government authorities. Berlin. URL:
http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Broschueren/Leitfaden_Schutz_kritischer_Infrastru
kturen_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile [Stand 2014-06-13].
• International Organization for Standardization (2008). Risk management— Principles and guidelines on
implementation. (Bd. ICS 03.100.01Bd).
• Malyska, Arndt (2010). Das integrierte Sicherheitskonzept der Hamburger Hochbahn AG. Hamburg.
• Thießen, Ansgar (2011). Organisationskommunikation in Krisen: Reputationsmanagement durch situative,
integrierte und strategische Krisenkommunikation. Organisationskommunikation in Krisen.
• Wilson, Jeremy M.; Jackson, Brian A.; Eisman, Mel; Steinberg, Paul; Riley, K. Jack (2007). Securing
America's Passenger-Rail Systems. RAND Cooperation Homeland Security, Pittsburgh.

20140827_presentation RiskAndCrisisManagement_final

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