1. PHYSIC Newton’s Laws Of Motion Name : Norhasnida Bt Abd. Rahman Unit : PPISMP Sains Semester 1 Lecturer : Miss RoshidahBinti Mat

2. NEWTON’S FIRST LAWS Laws of inertia. Inertia-tendency of an object to resist changes in its velocity.

3. CONCEPTS OF INERTIA If an object is at rest, it tends to stay in that position unless some forces puts that object into motion, inertia makes the moving object continue to move at a constant speed in the same direction unless some external force changes the object's motion.

4. There are two parts to this statement - one which predicts the behavior of stationary objects and the other which predicts the behavior of moving objects. The two parts are summarized in the following diagram:

6. Situation of Inertia

7. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS AND INERTIA Two empty buckets which are hung with rope from a the ceiling. One bucket is filled with sand while the other bucket is empty. Then, both pails are pushed. It is found that the empty bucket is easier to push compared to the bucket with sand. The bucket filled with sand offers more resistance to movement. When both buckets are oscillating and an attempt is made to stop them, the bucket filled with sand offers more resistance to the hand (more difficult to bring to a standstill once it has started moving) This shows that the heavier bucket offers a greater resistance to change from its state of rest or from its state of motion. An object with a larger mass has a larger inertia.

8. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS AND INERTIA MASS INERTIA = The LARGER the mass, the LARGER the inertia

9. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INERTIA AND SPEED NERTIA INERTIA SPEED The greater the speed the greater the inertia

10. Concept Concept Effect Effect Example Example

11. momentum =Mass x velocity = mv SI unit: kg ms-1 Momentum

12. Principle of conservation of momentum EXTERNAL FORCE TOTAL MOMENTUM CONSTANT In the absence of an external force, the total momentum of a system remains unchanged.

13. ELASTIC COLLISION Both objects move independently at their respective velocities after the collision. Kinetic energy is conserved. Momentum is conserved Total energy is conserved

14. Total Momentum Before = Total Momentum After m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2

15. INELASTIC COLLISION The two objects combine and move together with a common velocity after the collision. Kinetic energy is not conserved Momentum is conserved Total energy is conserved

16. Total Momentum Before = Total Momentum After m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1 + m2) v

17. explosion

18. EXAMPLE OF EXPLOSION

19. Newton’s Second Laws concerned with the effect that unbalanced forces have on motion. An unbalanced force acting on an object causes it to accelerate The bigger the unbalanced force acting on the object the bigger the acceleration of the object. UNBALANCED FORCE ACCELERATION

20. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORCE AND MASS MASS FORCE CONSTANT ACCELERATION

21. F is constant m is constant a

22. Force, Mass & Acceleration The acceleration produced by a force on an object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force applied and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. The direction of the acceleration is the same as that of the net force . When a net force, F, acts on a mass, m it causes an acceleration, a.

24. Newton’s third laws For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

25. CONCEPT OF NEWTON’S THIRD LAWS According to Newton, whenever objects A and B interact with each other, they exert forces upon each other. When you sit in your chair, your body exerts a downward force on the chair and the chair exerts an upward force on your body.

26. Example Of Newton’s Third Laws

30. SUMMARY