Climate change action strategies presented to BOMA Cleveland luncheon on Feb. 24, 2009.

1. Climate Change Action Strategies
Brad Chase
bchase@cmnh.org February 24, 2009

2. Outline
• About GCBL - Climate Change Project
• Cleveland Carbon Fund
• CO2 Emissions Overview – US, Ohio, NEO
• Building Sector CO2 Emissions
• Action Plans, BOMA Goals
• CMNH – Inventory, Energy Audit, Actions
• Questions
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3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6

7. Partners
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8. Cleveland Carbon Fund
• Community Partners
– Sustainability program and goals
– Commitment to reducing emissions and promoting Fund within
organization and with customers
– Contact bchase@cmnh.org for more information
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9. CO2 Emissions Overview
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10. Source: http://media.learningfundamentals.com.au/combating-global-warming-map.jpg
CO2 Stabilization Triangle
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11. CO2 Stabilization Wedges
Examples of Wedges:
1. Efficient vehicles
2. Reduced use of vehicles
3. Efficient buildings
4. Efficient coal power
plants
5. Gas instead of coal
power plants
6. Capture CO2 at baseload
power plant
7. Nuclear power for coal
power
8. Wind power for coal
power
9. PV power for coal power
10. Capture CO2 at H2
plant
11. Capture CO2 at coal-to-
synfuels plant
12. Wind H2 in fuel-cell car
for gasoline in hybrid car
Source: Princeton Stabilization Wedges,
http://www.princeton.edu/~cmi/resources/stabwedge.htm
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12. US emits 7 billion tons of CO2 equivalents per year
(excluding land use and forestry changes)
Source: Map, Vulcan Project . Data, WRI, CAIT
2000.
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13. Perspective…
The United States emits 20% of world’s CO2 emissions.
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14. “The Midwest is responsible for 5 percent of global GHGs – a
contribution larger than all countries, except China, Russia, and India”1
Ohio: 280 – 300 Million Tons
of CO2 e emissions
1. Charting the Midwest: An Inventory and Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in America’s
Heartland, World Resources Institute, October 2007, p.2.
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15. U.S. Energy Use
INDUSTRY
25%
TRANSPORTATION
27%
BUILDINGS
48%
Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics (Architecture 2030)
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16. Collateral Benefits of Action
• Climate Change is the big issue, but sustainable development
practices can help achieve other goals related to:
– Air emissions
– Stormwater runoff
– Materials conservation
– Land and habitat conservation
– Save $
– Economic and community development
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17. Northeast Ohio Emissions
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18. Northeast Ohio CO2 Emissions
by Sector
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19. 7-County Buildings Emissions
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20. Energy Pricing Trends
Solar Photovoltaic Industry: Solar PV industry outlook and economics
Deutsche Bank, May 27, 2008
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21. How many nuclear plants would we
need in 2030?
http://www.gcbl.org/energy/regional-agenda/climate-change/transition-plans/energy-transition-plan/can-nuclear-power-meet-our-needs-for-co2-
free-powe
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22. U.S. mid-range abatement curve
(McKinsey – 2030) Abatement cost
<$50/ton
Cost Commercial Residential
Afforestation buildings – buildings –
Real 2005 dollars per ton CO2e
of cropland HVAC HVAC
equipment equipment
90 Coal power plants–
efficiency efficiency
CCS rebuilds with EOR
Industrial
Residential
Fuel economy process Coal mining – Solar CSP
buildings – Active forest Distributed
packages – Light improve- Methane management
Shell solar PV
60 trucks ments mgmt
retrofits
Residential
electronics Commercial Commercial Nuclear
buildings – Residential
buildings – new-
Combined water
Control build
30 Residential heat and heaters
systems
buildings – power
Lighting
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
Potential
Onshore wind – Gigatons/year
-30 Onshore wind – Industry –
Low penetration
CCS new
Industry – High penetration
builds on
Combined
carbon-
heat and Biomass power – intensive
-60 power Cofiring processes
Cellulosic
Manufacturing –
biofuels Existing power Car hybridi-
HFCs mgmt Coal power plants – CCS
plant zation
-90 Residential new builds with EOR
conversion
buildings – efficiency Onshore wind – Medium
New shell improvements Coal-to-gas
Commercial penetration
improvements shift – dispatch of
electronics Conservation
-120 Winter existing plants
tillage
Commercial cover crops
buildings – Coal power plants –
CFL lighting Reforestation CCS rebuilds
-230
-220 Commercial
buildings – Commercial
LED lighting buildings – Afforestation of
Natural gas Coal power
New shell pastureland
and petroleum plants – CCS
Fuel economy improvements
systems new builds
packages – Cars
management
Source: McKinsey analysis
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23. BOMA Goals
• Decrease energy consumption 30% by
2012
• Benchmark with Energy Star
• Education
• Perform energy audit
• Extend equipment life
• Lead in community
• Position as leaders and solution providers
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24. Energy Star Program
• Homes are at least 15% more energy efficient than homes built to the 2004
International Residential Code (IRC), and include additional energy-saving features
that typically make them 20–30% more efficient than standard homes.
• “Tried and True” approach.
• Utilize existing and proven technologies to achieve:
– Effective Insulation
– High Performance Windows
– Building and Duct Sealing
– Efficient HVAC Systems
– Efficient Products
– Third Party Verification
(Builder Option Package – choose climate specific solutions)
Commercial and industrial facilities are scored on a 1-
100 scale and those facilities that achieve a score of 75 or
higher are eligible for the ENERGY STAR, indicating that
they are among the top 25% of facilities in the country for
energy performance.
Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_homes.nh_features
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25. Energy Star Program Results
Energy Star Program Key Indicators
Indicator 2000 2006
Products Sold 600 million 2 billion +
Product Categories 40 50+
Qualified Products Product Models 11,000 40,000
Public Awareness 40% 68%
Retailers (partners) 25 900
New Homes Built 25,000 725,000
New Homes
Home Builders 1,600 3,500
Buildings Rated 4,200 30,000
Commercial Buildings
Buildings Labeled 545 3,200
Energy Saved (kWh) 62 billion 170 billion
Annual Results
Net Savings (USD) $5 billion $14 billion
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26. Energy Star Program
2007 Energy Star Homes by State Over 120,000 new homes earned the ENERGY
STAR in 2007.
This is equivalent to:
Eliminating the emissions from 60,000 vehicles
Saving 355,680,000 lbs of coal
Planting 97,000 acres of trees
Saving home owners $54 million on their utility bills
Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=qhmi.showHomesMarketIndex
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27. Residential Energy Services Network
(RESNET)
HERS Index
Reference Home Reference Home is assigned a HERS
Score Index of 100, while a net zero energy
home is assigned a HERS Index of 0
Reference Home 2006 International Energy
Basis Conservation Code (IECC)
Each 1% increase in energy
Scale efficiency corresponds to a 1-point
decrease in HERS Index
Energy Use Heating, cooling, water heating,
Considered lighting, appliances, and onsite power
generation*
ENERGY STAR HERS Index of 85 in climate zones
Requirement 1–5
HERS Index of 80 in climate zones
6–8
Approved by the RESNET Board of
Status
Directors.
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28. Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Carbon Footprint
Energy Audit
Action Steps
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29. CMNH Carbon Footprint (2007)
Energy Consumption eCO2
(MMBtu) (Metric Tonnes) %
Scope 1 Other On-Campus Stationary 9,373.3 495.9 10.88%
Direct Transportation 129.9 9.3 0.20%
Refrigerants - 322.3 7.07%
Scope 1 Totals 9,503.22 827.55 18.15%
Scope 2 Purchased Electricity 35,352.60 2,951.60 64.73%
Scope 2 Totals 35,352.60 2,951.60 64.73%
Scope 3 Faculty/ Staff Commuting 2,375.30 170.8 3.75%
Volunteer Commuting 300.3 21.6 0.47%
Faculty/Staff Air Travel 913.1 179.9 3.95%
Other Directly Financed Travel 646.8 46.5 1.02%
Solid Waste - 70.2 1.54%
Scope 2 T&D Losses 3,496.40 291.9 6.40%
Scope 3 Totals 7,731.90 780.9 17.12%
TOTAL 52,587.80 4,560.1 100.00%
GreenCityBlueLake Institute Analysis utilizing Clean Air-Cool Planet Calculator
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30. CMNH Electricity Audit
CMNH Hours of Operation vs. Electricity Consumption
600 600,000
2008 Hours of Operation
500 2008 kWh 500,000
18 yr Average kWh
2007 kWh
2005 kWh
400 400,000
Hours of Operation
kWh
300 300,000
200 200,000
100 100,000
0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
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31. CMNH Electricity Audit
• Lighting Load (25% of total)
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32. CMNH Electricity Audit
• Motors / HVAC (65% of total)
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33. CMNH Electricity Audit
• Plug Load (10% of total)
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34. CMNH Action Steps
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35. Questions
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36. How effective do you think the carbon credits or
renewable energy credits can be?
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37. How effective do you think the carbon credits or
renewable energy credits can be?
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38. What impact can we make by planting trees or by
not cutting them down to vacuum up the CO2 in
the atmosphere?
• Each acre of land can absorb between .5
and 5 tons of CO2 per year depending on
plantings and soil
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39. How significant
is the removal of
tropical
rainforests and
other forests
compared to
automobile
exhaust in terms
of rising CO2
levels?
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40. Brad Chase
bchase@cmnh.org
http://www.gcbl.org
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