Thanks to slideshare to allow me to share my part of happiness. And also thanks to science and Technology to give us a hand full of new technos where we can not only get updated but also share the same with others. For this 'REDTACTON' , I stood 1st in my final yr seminar. So hope this ppt not only keeps you updated but also helps you out to choose a new and hot topic of the present.All the best. Be different.. :)

1. A NEW HUMAN AREA NETWORKING
Presented by:
Ekta Mohapatra,
Dept: ECE, 7th Sem.
TITE, BPUT

2. Overview
• Evolution of networking
• RedTacton Introduction and Goal
• RedTacton as in ?
• History of HAN and its Overview
• Principle
• How it works
• Block diagram of RedTacton Transceiver
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3. • Working procedure
• Security
• Features
• Applications
• Advantages and limitations
• Future use
• Conclusion
• Reference
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4. 3

5. Can you imagine locking or unlocking a door
simply by touching the doorknob? Or being able
print a document by placing one hand on the
copy machine and the other on your laptop? It
may sound like science fiction but is actually a
very real possibility .Thanks to a new close-range
communication technology called RedTacton.
To the security industry, the RedTacton body
field communication technology paves the way
for a new breed of access control systems.
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6. INTRODUCTION
• RedTacton is a new Human Area networking technology, under
development.
• gives safe and high speed network transmission upto 10 Mbps
between any two points on the body.
• uses weak electric fields on the surface of body as a transmission
medium.
• TACTON: “touch-act-on”
RED: auspicious color according to Japanese culture
• RedTacton works through shoes and clothing as well.
GOAL
• A new technology that will allow us to use human body as a network
transmitter.
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7. REDTACTON AS IN ?
Red : a color to emphasis warm and cordial communications.
TACTON : Action triggered by Touching.
• RedTacton utilizes a point to point network, known as a Pico
net that allows information to be exchanged between two transceivers
without the need for a server to store or process information
Above Figure shows RED TACTON Device
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8. HISTORY
• The concept of intra-body communication was first proposed by IBM
in 1996.
• This communication mechanism was later evaluated and reported by
several research groups around the world.
All those reported technologies had two limitations.
 The operating range through the body was limited to a few tens
of centimeters.
 The top communication speed was only 40 bit/s!!
• These limitations were overcome by NTT (Nippon Telegraph and
Telephone Corporation) located in Tokyo, Japan by using photonic
electric field sensors and finally in 2005 they came up with a
human area networking technology called ‘REDTACTON’
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9. OVERVIEW OF HAN
• Human Area Networking technology turns human body as a safe,
high speed network transmission path.
• possible communication surfaces are such as hands, fingers, toes,
arms, feet, face, or legs.
• RedTacton works through shoes and clothing as well.
• uses minute electric field emitted on the surface of human body for
data transmission.
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10. Optical properties of an electro-optic crystal can vary
according to the changes of a weak electric field.
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11. HOW DOES IT WORK ?
Principle: Optical properties of an electro-optic crystal can vary
according to the changes of a weak electric field.
Figure shows the working of the REDTACTON device over the surface of our body.
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12. WORKING PROCEDURE
• Transmitting transceiver creates a change in the field.
• Some field from human body dissipates into the earth
• Electric field is received using sensing technology
• Receiving transceiver recognizes the change in the electric field.
• Sensing technology measures the weak electric field induced.
• Electro-optical crystals uses laser to convert and read the signal.
• Receiving data is more complicated because the strength of the
electric field involved is so low. RedTacton gets around this using a
technique called electric field photonics: A laser is passed though an
electro-optic crystal, which deflects light differently according to the
strength of the field across it. These deflections are measured and
converted back into electrical signals to retrieve the transmitted data.
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13. • Multiple transceivers can be used simultaneously. This is because
RedTacton uses a proprietary CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple
Access with Collision Detection) protocol that allows multiple access
with the same medium from multiple nodes. Each transceiver card has
an unique MAC address
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14. Block diagram of RedTacton
Transceiver
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15. REDTACTON TRANSCEIVER:
• The signal from the interface is sent to the data sense circuit and the
transmitter circuit.
• The data sense circuit senses the signal and if the data is present it sends
control signal to the transmitter which activates the transmitter circuit.
• The transmitter circuit varies the electric field on the surface of our body.
• This change in the electric field is detected by the electro-optic sensor.
• The output of the electro-optic sensor is given to the detector circuit,
which in turn given to the interface of the receiving RedTacton device.
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16. Mechanism of communication with
RedTacton
Figure shows the various electric fields on the surface of our body induced by the RED TACTON device..
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17. Only a portion of the induced electric field is sensed by the
receiving RED TACTON device. The remaining electric fields are
dissipated to the ground
The electric field Es that reaches the receiver is Es = Ea – (Eb + Ec)
• The crackling sensation one feels when shocked by static electricity is
caused
by an electric current of several dozen milli-amperes suddenly flowing
into
the body from the outside.
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18. SECURITY
• Both transmitting and receiving electrodes of the RedTacton
transceiver are completely covered with insulating film.
• When communication occurs , displacement current is generated by
the electrons in the body because the body is subjected to minute
electric fields. However such displacement currents are very common
everyday occurrences to which we are all subjected.
• We decide what to share with whom and what devices we
communicate with.
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19. WHAT DOES IT NEED?
• Each device we wish to communicate with must be equipped with a
RedTacton transceiver that is able to detect the messages programmed
into our own device.
• We are able to program our devices to exchange specific types of
information by using a programmable transceiver that connects to any
computer and allows users to customize their transmission settings
through a graphical user interface.
• Once our transmitter, is programmed to recognize and exchange
information with other devices we select, we will be able to
communicate with them easily.
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20. WHAT DOES IT DO?
• When using a RedTacton device, the human body effectively becomes
an Ethernet cable, so the body can use its electrical field to connect
devices to networks or the internet.
• For example, if a person wearing a RedTacton device sat at a table
with RedTacton capabilities that was connected to the Internet, the
laptop would immediately be connected to the internet.
• Seems similar to a wireless network connection, but it is not. There is
a physical connection, the person.
• The connection is more secure and does not slow down if many
people are using the same connection, as a wireless connection does.
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21. WHY REDTACTON ?
• Problems with short-range wireless communication systems like
Bluetooth, infrared etc..
• The principle drawback of infrared communications (IrDA) is the tight
directionality of beams between terminals needed for the system to be
effective.
• Human area networks would solve all the problems including
throughput reduction, low security, and high net -work setup costs.
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22. FEATURES
•Touch
• Broadband
and interactive
• Any media
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23. 1.Touch
• Touching, gripping, sitting, walking, stepping and other human
movements can be the triggers for unlocking or locking, starting or
stopping equipment, or obtaining data.
• Using RedTacton, communication starts when terminals carried by
the user or embedded in devices are linked in various combinations
through physical contact according to the human's natural
movements.
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24. 2.Broadband and interactive
Bandwidth does not deteriorate even with duplex operation &
simultaneous access by many users
• Duplex, interactive communication is possible at a maximum speed of
10Mbps.
• Because the transmission path is on the surface of the body,
transmission speed does not deteriorate in congested areas where
many people are communicating at the same time .
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25. 3. Any Media
Works with many transmission media common in human life.
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26. APPLICATIONS
Elimination of Human error: An Alarm sounds
automatically to
avoid accidental medicine ingestion
Marketing Application(Context
Awareness): Touch advertising and
receive information
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27. Connect to various systems via the metal
sheet.
Just sitting in the seat triggers the car to
load all its presets, just the way you like
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28. Touch a printer to print
Instantaneous private network via
personal handshake
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29. Security Applications
USER VERIFICATION AND LOCK
MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTRANCE:
User verification and unlocking with just a
touch
CONFIDENTIAL DOCUMENT
MANAGEMENT:
Automatic access log for confidential
document storage
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30. 29

31. Comparison over other intra-body communication method
"Intra-body communication" using the human body as a transmission medium has been reported, but the electric field photonics method
employed by RedTacton is superior to conventional methods in terms of communication distance, speed, and interactivity.
P: Possible N: Not possible P*: Possible under certain conditions
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32. 31

33. Comparison with other network technologies
Evaluation Criteria Wireless LAN Infrared/ RedTacton
Bluetooth
Transfer Speed
(Can DVD quality images E P E
can be sent)
Performance deterioration
during periods of
congestion (Simultaneous P E E
use by many people in
small places)
Duplex Data Transfer E E E
(Interactive Processing)
Performance: Excellent (E) Poor (P)
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34. • Wireless communication creates connections when signals arrive, allowing
for easy connections because connectors are unnecessary. However, seen
from another aspect, the arriving signals can be intercepted, so security
becomes an issue.
• Wired communication transmits data between two connection points, so
interception is difficult and security can be considered to be high.
However, connectors and cables are a nuisance.
• RedTacton is situated directly between wireless and wired communication.
In other words, RedTacton allows for easy connection without connectors,
while at the same time allowing transmission of data only between two
contact points. It thus has the feature of being difficult to intercept.
• The focus on ubiquitous service has brought about the shortening of
distances in communication. RedTacton is positioned as the last 1m
solution to ultimate close-range communication
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35. ADVANTAGE OVER BLUETOOTH
• RedTacton claims to be able to send data over the human skin surface at
transfer speeds of up to 10Mbps, or better than a broadband T1
connection.
• Maximum speed offered by Bluetooth is 3Mbps.
• According to Tom Zimmerman, inventor of the IBM personal networking
system, body-based networking is more secure than broadcast systems,
such as Bluetooth, which have a range of about 10m.The issue is that with
Bluetooth, it is difficult to rein in the signal and restrict it to the device you
are trying to connect to. In a busy place there could be hundreds of
Bluetooth devices within range. The signal can be tapped into and used by
others.
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36. PROTOTYPE DEVICES
Security devices whose development has been completed
Portable Card-Size Transmitter
• Transmission rate:230 kbps
• Protocol: Proprietary protocol
• Transmission method:
Unidirectional
Embedded Receiver
• Transmission rate:230 kbps
• Protocol: Proprietary protocol
• Transmission method:
Unidirectional
• External device interface:
10/100Base-T,RS232C
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37. Transmission devices whose development is in progress.
REDTACTON Transceiver (PC-Card Type)
Transmission rate: 10 Mbps
Protocol: TCP/IP
Transmission method: Half-duplex
Terminal interface: PCMCIA
REDTACTON Transceiver (Hub Type)
Transmission rate:10 Mbps
Protocol: TCP/IP
Transmission method: Half-duplex
External device interface:10BASE-T
USB Transceiver
Transmission rate not yet determined
(in testing stage)
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38. ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES
ADVANTAGES :
• RedTacton does not require the electrode to be in direct contact with the
skin.
• RedTacton transceivers are programmable and we can decide what to
share with whom and what devices you communicate with.
• Transmission speed does not deteriorate even though the number of users
increases.
• Data loss during transfer is less
• Use of minimum amount of power.
• Security is more.
• No problem of hackers . It is very hard to pick up stray electronic signals
radiating from the body.
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39. • Cable connections are eliminated. The body itself is used as transmission
medium.
• Print out where you want just by touching the desired printer with one
hand and a PC or digital camera with the other hand to make the link.
• A RedTacton receiver in a cabinet where important documents are stored
enables lock administration and keeps a record of who accessed
documents at what time.
• More secure than Bluetooth.
• Superior than infrared technology & Wi-Fi.
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40. CHALLENGES:
• The obvious barrier to entry is that the cost and time to develop HAN
TECH. is very expensive.
• As a new technology HAN need to gain popularity among users to help
pull the technology into the marketplace instead of having it pushed upon
them.
• Widespread marketing campaigns will need to be developed to highlight
the benefits of HAN technology to facilitate its adoption.
• Not useful unless many people adopt it.
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41. FUTURE USE: PLANS FOR COMMERCIALISATION
• It seems like there was a press release event where they demoed the
technology. The first demo was a PDA medication assistant that shows
instructions relevant to touched medicine bottles. The second was a
museum guide PDA whose contents was fed from a floor-embedded
transmitter through user’s feet.
• NTT plans to develop transceivers with an emphasis on portability that are
more compact, cost-effective and less power consumption. Through field
testing, NTT will continue to investigate and improve the robustness of
Human Area Networking and human body surface communication
applications
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42. CONCLUSION
Many areas can benefit from this technology. Human society is entering an
era of ubiquitous computing, where everything is networked. RedTacton is
gearing up to compete with Bluetooth, Zigbee, IrDA (infrared data
association), UWB (ultra wide band).
So we can clearly say that, this technology will spawn
revolutionary changes in the modern communications and become a pivot
technology. When we compare RedTacton with other technologies, RedTacton
will give a better performance over other. If RedTacton is introduced into
cyber market it brings a marvelous & tremendous change and will be adopted
by many more people.
So, in few years from now everything is going to fall
under this super technology. And, finally I conclude,
“FUTURE BELONGS TO RED TACTON ”
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43. REFERENCE
• CIRCUIT TODAY :
17 Jan 2011 – RedTacton technology report
and research data given in this article.For details :
www.circuitstoday.com/redtacton-technology
• www.ntt.com/resource-
center/video/data/03redtacton_text.html
• www.studymode.com/subjects/redtacton-page2.html
• www.sourcesecurity.com/news/articles/co-3108-
ga.4590.html
• 19th feb 2005:article on RedTacton published in usability
news: For details:
usabilitynews.usernomics.com/2005/02/redtacton.html
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