By Raj Ponnaluri, Consultant (Hyderabad, India)

1. Road Safety Trends and Vulnerable Groups in South Asia Raj V Ponnaluri, P.E. Transforming Transportation January 15, 2009

4. World Fatality Trends (1980-1995) Source: Transport Research Laboratory; Extracted from “The neglected epidemic: road traffic injuries in developing countries” by Nantulya and Reich. Of all regions, Asia is impacted the most

7. SA: Fatalities and Injuries Source: Asian Development Bank SA (25 F/10K V), Nepal (61), Bangladesh (49), India (25) SA (104 I/10K V), Sri Lanka (190) India (112), Nepal (93) SA (5.7 F/100K P), Sri Lanka (8.9), India (6.8), Pakistan (4.9) SA (24 I/100K P), Sri Lanka (104), India (30), Pakistan (12) Severity Index: SA (19 F/100 Crashes), Bangladesh (41), Nepal (40), Bhutan/Pak (30)

8. In Essence…. India experienced the most fatality and injury rates followed by Sri Lanka. Pakistan had experienced high rates of fatalities and injuries per 100K people. Nepal and Bangladesh also saw RTI concerns. Rank (1992 -1994) Fatalities per 10,000 Vehicles Injuries per 10,000 Vehicles Fatalities per 100,000 People Injuries per 100,000 People Severity Index (Fatal Crashes / Total Crashes) 1 Nepal Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Bangladesh 2 Bangladesh India India India Nepal 3 India Nepal Pakistan Pakistan Bhutan/Pakistan

14. Crash Risk in India – 1970~2005 Fatality and Injury risk per 10,000 vehicles is dropping mainly due to large vehicle volumes increases. Fatality and Injury risk per 100,000 people is increasing despite accelerating population growth: cause for concern .

15. India: 2001 vs. 2005; Nationwide vs. UAs Nationwide Main Risk Types: Heavy Vehicles, MTWVs, and Buses 35 UAs Main Risk Types: MTWVs, Peds, Heavy Vehicles, Buses UAs where most women travel to work, children go to school and urban poor depend on public transport are at high risk

18. India: 2001 Male, Female by Vehicle Type Men:Women =83%:17%; Women Share: Ped: 21%; Bus, Car, 3-W: 20% each; MTWVs: 12%; Bikes: 10%. 59% or more incidents were treated outside a medical facility. Despite less women at risk overall, given that several have limited access to healthcare, it is likely that a large number of women may remain untreated. 2001 - Medical Attention in Rural, Urban and all India

19. Andhra Pradesh, India Fatalities at schools/colleges increased but persons injured dropped. Large increase in fatalities and persons injured at several locations: Poor ACCESS MANAGEMENT. 2001 to 2006: Fatal Crashes (as a % of all crashes)at these vulnerable locations increased, albeit slightly. Fatal crashes increased substantially while non- injury crashes dropped signifying a concerning trend of crash intensity. AP: 2001 and 2006 Fatal Crashes (%) at key locations

20. AP: Fatalities and Persons Injured by Age and Gender Among various age groups, Female fatalities ranged 14%-32% with the max in age range 6 to 14 yrs. Among both males and females, 21-44 year olds had 58% fatalities. Female injured ranged 12%-37% with the max in age group under 5 yrs. among age groups, 21-44 old had 57% injured. Year 2006 vs. 2001 Comparison (% change) Fatalities Persons Injured AGE Male Female Total Male Female Total < 5 yrs 164 53 122 183 175 180 6-9 yrs 121 119 120 250 266 255 10-14 yrs 97 84 93 21 245 49 15-17 yrs (15) 47 (7) (11) 88 1 18-20 yrs 121 1 87 63 232 78 21-24 yrs 126 (40) 70 49 (35) 21 25-34 yrs 68 (34) 43 96 (24) 63 35-44 yrs 65 (16) 45 143 (5) 105 45-54 yrs 29 29 29 73 (3) 57 55-64 yrs (10) 153 1 (17) 36 (11) 65,+ yrs 807 165 557 792 290 627 TOTAL 66 (5) 50 74 7 58