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FLOW - Far and Large Offshore Wind (Summary)
1. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind Summary
1
Far and Large Offshore Wind
FLOW
2. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 2 FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 3
Far and Large Offshore Wind
FLOW Dutch industry and knowledge institutes are pioneering a large-
scale innovation program for the development of offshore wind
energy. The Far and Large Offshore Wind program (FLOW) consists
of an ambitious R&D plan and a demonstration wind farm 75 km
off the Dutch coast, in 35 meters water depth. At this moment, no
wind farms at such a distance from the coast in such a water depth
exist in the world. The FLOW program will enable companies in
The Netherlands to claim a leading position on the international
market for offshore wind energy. The program is being developed by
a consortium consisting of RWE, Eneco, TenneT, Ballast Nedam, Van
Oord, IHC Merwede, 2-B Energy, XEMC Darwind, ECN and TU Delft.
3. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 4 FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 5
Vision Te c h n o lo g i ca l lea de Rs h i p
The Netherlands has three reasons to invest heavily in offshore wind energy today: renewable energy Today, no offshore wind farms are operational at far-offshore locations anywhere in the world.
goals, technological leadership and large opportunities on a rapidly developing market. While the technology for onshore wind energy is well developed, the technology for offshore wind
farms is still in its infancy. The Netherlands has a strong knowledge position in wind energy due to
R en ewa b l e e n e Rgy g oals
the research and development that takes place in institutions like ECN and the TU Delft. The Dutch
By the year 2020, the Dutch government aims to have installed 6,000 MW of offshore wind energy offshore industry has developed invaluable knowledge and experience in offshore technology for oil
capacity in the Netherlands to reach its renewable energy goals. Due to limitations such as shipping and gas exploration and production. If we act now, during the coming years we can develop a leading
lanes, oil and gas platforms, visual impact and ecology, a maximum of approximately 3,000 MW of the position in the area of offshore wind technology. The FLOW program will develop new, cutting-edge
total of 6,000 MW can be installed within a 50-60 km distance from the shore. The remaining capacity technology that is necessary for economically viable generation of offshore wind energy.
will have to be installed further away, “far-offshore”, in typical water depths of more than 30 meters,
with larger challenges for foundations, installation and operation/maintenance. It is estimated that
the four most important European offshore wind energy countries – the UK, Germany, Denmark and
the Netherlands – will have 31,000 MW of offshore wind energy capacity installed by 2020, of which
approximately 40% will be installed far-offshore. The FLOW program will be instrumental in achieving
the goal of the Dutch government of 6,000 MW in the year 2020 (see figure 1), by accelerating the
development of economically viable far-offshore wind energy technology.
Figure 1 – FLOW will be instrumental to realizing the Dutch renewable energy goals Figure 2 – If we act now, we can become a technological leader in offshore wind – at this moment no wind farms are operational
far-offshore
Dutch renewable energy goals 2020 Far-offshore (>50-60 km) wind energy is Offshore wind farms in Europe – Distance to shore/year
indispensible 140
2013: Hochsee Windpark Nordsee
Operational
Considering the interests of other 120 2010: BART 2015: Sandbank 24 phase 1
Target 2020: CO2 reduction of 30% Under construction
users, near shore locations (<50-60 km
compared to 1990 2011: Nordlicher Grund 2015: He Dreiht
off-coast, <30 m water depth) can only 100 Approved
accommodate ~3,000 MW. 50-60 km Diameter indicates wind farm 2013: FLOW
Realizing the target includes a
W
Limiting factors are: 12 Miles zone capacity [MW]
M
requirement of 20% renewable energy 80
0
00
- Special areas
0,
>1
FA R OFFSHOR E
Towards 2020 6,000 MW offshore wind - Oil and gas platforms 60
- Shipping routes
energy
Distance to shore (KM)
40 N EA RSHOR E 2008: Amalia
2006: OWEZ
?
Far-offshore locations offer room
W
0M
for more than 10,000 MW with the 20
,00
least impact on other users and the
~3
environment 0
Source: Innovatie Agenda Energie, DNV, ECN 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Year
Source: EWEA 2009, Ecorys 2009, Project websites, Roland Berger analysis
4. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 6 FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 7
l aRge op poRTu n iTi e s on a Ra p i dly g Rowi n g m a R k e T
Wind energy is most viable in places with high mean wind speeds and low turbulence levels. construction, installation and maintenance companies – such as Ballast Nedam, Van Oord and IHC
Compared to onshore conditions, offshore conditions are favorable in this respect. Because of the Merwede – are ideally positioned to claim a leading role in offshore wind energy. The country’s
logistical challenges of offshore wind energy, to date most wind farms have been placed on land. knowledge and track record in soil and marine engineering gives these companies excellent support.
However, the potential of onshore wind energy is limited due to the available space, and restrictions In the field of wind turbine design and manufacturing, several innovative start-ups have emerged
regarding noise and visibility. Therefore, the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) expects strong such as 2-B Energy and XEMC Darwind. The Dutch R&D institutions ECN and TU Delft house leading
growth of the installed capacity of offshore wind energy in the coming years. competences in wind energy R&D, and have led to innovative spin-off companies like Ampelmann
The Netherlands is in an ideal position to become one of the leaders in the rapidly developing far- (offshore access technology). Stimulating the far-offshore wind energy value chain in the Netherlands
offshore wind market. It is blessed with a strategically advantageous geographic location; it borders will also encourage suppliers, such as blade manufacturing companies or offshore cable suppliers, to
on the leading offshore wind energy countries and has direct access to large harbors, which are base themselves in or further expand into the Netherlands. The development of offshore wind will
indispensable for the immense logistical operation necessary for the installation, operation and provide a sustainable revenue source for provision of parts and services related to the operation of the
maintenance of wind farms (see figure 3). wind turbines, providing a boost for offshore logistic and maintenance companies. The FLOW program
will support the Dutch value chain in claiming a leading position on the European offshore wind
But the country’s potential goes beyond geography. It is home to many companies and institutions market, generating new sustainable employment in the Netherlands.
with invaluable competences throughout the far-offshore wind energy value chain (see figure 4).
Companies such as RWE and Eneco have already developed extensive and invaluable hands-on
experience in offshore wind farm development and operation. Due to their leading positions in the
offshore oil and gas exploration and production industry, the large Dutch offshore design, engineering,
Figure 3 – The European offshore wind energy market will grow rapidly; The Netherlands has the ideal geographical location Figure 4 – The Netherlands has the potential to develop a very strong offshore wind value chain
and ports with direct access
Offshore wind energy value chain (under development) NON-EXHAUSTIVE
Wind Wind turbine Wind turbine Offshore design Offshore Offshore Wind farm
energy design manufacturing and construction & maintenance development
R&D engineering installation and operation
INDICATIVE ILLUSTRATIVE
Total installed offshore capacity in Europe [MW] will Ideal location of the Netherlands among the most
increase according to EWEA reference scenario important offshore wind energy countries
Expected commissioning before 2015
74,500
EXPERIENCE
35,000
COMPETENCES
AMBITION
and/or
12,000
3,500
1,100
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 Source: FLOW
Source: EWEA reference scenario, Windpower.org, BWEA, Ecorys 2009, Project websites
5. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 8 FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 9
Objectives Activities
The first main objective of FLOW is acceleration. FLOW will speed up the deployment of offshore wind The activities of FLOW will consist of an R&D plan and the installation and operation of a demo wind
energy to realize the 2020 6,000 MW target; as a first step, it will build a 100-300 MW far-offshore farm. The R&D plan will focus on the development of innovative, new technology for far-offshore
demonstration wind farm with 20-60 turbines, which will be operational by Q3 2013. wind farm design, support structures, far-offshore electrical systems and grid integration and offshore
To achieve the first main objective, a significant cost reduction of far-offshore wind energy – the turbine development. These technologies will be demonstrated far-offshore in the FLOW demo farm.
second main objective – is necessary. Cost reduction requires development of specific far-offshore For the testing and demonstration of new turbines, a separate turbine demonstration facility will be
competences. FLOW will reduce the costs associated with offshore wind energy by more than 20% made available in the demo wind farm, with room for 2-6 turbines (see figure 6). FLOW will actively
to improve the commercial viability of offshore wind energy. Figure 5 depicts the main objectives of work with the government and other initiatives to mobilize on- and nearshore test locations as well.
FLOW.
Figure 5 – FLOW aims to accelerate the development of offshore wind energy and to reduce the associated cost
Onshore Nearshore Far offshore
<50-60 km off coast; >50-60 km off coast;
Figure 6 – FLOW’s R&D plan will develop technology and innovative concepts that will be used in the demonstration wind farm
typically <30 m water depth typically >30 m water depth
R&D Plan Demo wind farm
A C C E L E R AT E REDUCE
COST R&D themes Far-offshore demonstration park Turbine demonstration facility
120 m1)
1 Wind farm design
versnelling
100 m 1)
2 Support structures
3 Electrical systems and
grid integration
4 Turbine development
Proven turbine technology Prototype turbines
1) Typical dimensions of a 5 MW offshore wind turbine
Source: FLOW Source: FLOW
6. FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 10 FLOW: Far and Large Offshore Wind 11
Implementation FLOW consortium Rwe
FLOW has set the ambitious goals to commence the R&D plan in January 2010 and to have the FLOW The FLOW program links up with the appeal that The international energy company RWE is one
demo wind farm operational by Q3 2013. A measurement mast will be installed in Q2 2010 which will the Dutch Innovation Platform made during of Europe’s largest producers and suppliers of
provide the necessary data to complete the design of the FLOW demo wind farm. The wind farm will the coast conference in spring 2008. By means electricity. RWE already has a strong presence in
then be installed in 2012-2013 and will be fully operational by Q3 2013 (earliest projection). Far-offshore of the ‘tulip island’ initiative, the Innovation the offshore wind energy market in the United
measurement, demonstration and validation will then take place during 2013-2014 and results will be Platform challenged the sector to come up with Kingdom. The company operates the 60 MW
used to optimize models and concepts. innovative business cases for offshore energy North Hoyle wind farm off the Welsh coast and
The plans for FLOW are elaborated in a Business Plan, which was presented on September 2nd, 2009 to concepts. The FLOW consortium consists of eight will commission a second wind farm with 90
the Minister of Economic Affairs during a meeting of the Dutch Innovation Platform, which is chaired Founding Fathers who, together, have invaluable MW of installed capacity at Rhyl Flats this year. A
by Prime Minister Balkenende. The FLOW consortium is engaged in a constructive dialogue with the knowledge, competencies and experience in further offshore wind farm, which is also planned
Ministry of Economic Affairs to further specify the FLOW Business Plan, and to explore options for the area of offshore wind energy: RWE, TenneT, off the coast of North Wales at Gwynt y Môr, will
Government support for and cooperation in the program. Ballast Nedam, Van Oord, 2-B Energy, XEMC become one of the largest farms of its kind in the
Darwind, ECN and the TU Delft (see figure 7). world, with a planned capacity of several hundred
Eneco and IHC Merwede recently joined the MW. Moreover, RWE Innogy holds a 50% stake in
consortium as new partners. Other new partners the Greater Gabbard offshore wind farm off the
The Founding Fathers and partners of the FLOW program on 2 September 2009, just after they presented the FLOW Business Plan can also join FLOW, provided they bring valuable east coast of England. On completion in 2011, this
to the Minister of Economic Affairs – from left to right: Johan van Wijland (Van Oord), Govert Hamers (IHC Merwede), Minister
knowledge, competencies or experience to the wind farm will have a total capacity of 500 MW.
Van der Hoeven of Economic Affairs, Kees van der Klein (ECN), Dolf Elsevier van Griethuyzen (Ballast Nedam), Mel Kroon (TenneT),
Prime Minister Balkenende, Herbert Peels (2-B Energy), Dirk Jan van den Berg (TU Delft), Hans de Boer (Innovation Platform), Huib consortium. RWE Innogy is also looking to expand its offshore
Morelisse (RWE), Vincent van den Brekel (XEMC Darwind). Rens Knegt (Eneco) is not visible on the photo. production of wind energy to areas off the coast
Figure 7 – The Founding Fathers and partners of FLOW represent essential parts of the offshore wind energy value chain –
other new partners may join
Founding Fathers and partners of the FLOW consortium
Wind farm development and operation
Electrical system and grid integration
Offshore engineering, construction and maintenance
Vessels and equipment for offshore installation and foundations
Wind turbine design and manufacturing
Wind energy R&D
Source: FLOW