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Internship report Of Final Professin DVM
1. Internship Report
Final Profession DVM 1
Internship Report
Of
MUHAMMAD TANVEER SHAH
Registration No: - 2K6-VAS-03
Session: - 2006-2012
Duration of internship
16 weeks
From: - 19-Sep-2011 to 08-Jan-2012
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences,
Lasbella University of Agriculture,
Water, and Marine Sciences Uthal,
Balochistan
Page 1 of 55
2. Internship Report
IQRA 2
In the Name of ALLAH Most Benevolent ever Most Merciful
Read, Read in the Name of Your Lord. Who created,
created Man from an embryo. Read for Your Lord is Most
Beneficent, Who taught by the Pen, taught Man what he did not
know.
(Al-Quran)
Page 2 of 55
3. Internship Report
Al-Hadees 3
In the Name of ALLAH Most Benevolent ever Most Merciful
In sight is my Capital, Reason is the spirit of Faith, Love is my
Foundation, Zeal is my conveyance, Remembrance of ALLAH is my
Comrade, Trust in God is my Fortune, Sadness is my Companion,
Knowledge is my Weapon, Patience is my Garment, Pleasure of God is
my Prize, Humility is my Pride, Self denial is my Profession, Trust is my
Intercessor, Obedience of God is my Enough, Holly War is my Nature,
and Prayer is the Solace of my Eyes.
Saying of Holy Prophet Hazrat MUHAMMAD (P.B.U.H)
Page 3 of 55
4. Internship Report
Table Content
4
Sr.NO Particular/Title Page No
1 Signature 5
2 Dedication 6
3 Abstract 7
4 Acknowledgement 8-10
5 List of Figures 11
6 List of Tables 11
7 1st Station Of Internship C.V.H Quetta 12
8 Introduction 12-13
9 Cases 14-24
10 Vaccination at C.V.H 25
11 Internship Certificate
12 2nd Station Of Internship Govt Poultry Farm 26
13 Introduction 26
14 The organization Chart 26-27
15 Layers Management in the Government Poultry Farm 28
16 Schedule for Layers Management 28-31
17 Disease Control Measures For Layers 31
18 Feed Consumption for Layers 32
19 Broilers Management in the Government Poultry Farm 33-34
20 Schedule for Layers Management 35
21 Disease Control Measures For Broilers 38
22 Proforma for Postmortem D.I Laboratory Quetta 39
23 3rd Station for Internship D.I Lab Quetta 40
24 Introduction 40
25 Work done at Lab 40-42
26 4th Station for Internship S.P.U Quetta 43
27 Introduction 43
28 Work done in semen production center 43-44
29 5th Station for Internship Govt Dairy Farm Quetta 45
30 Itroduction 45
31 The Organization Chart 46-47
32 Location of the Dairy Farm Quetta 48
33 Housing of Farm Animals at Dairy Farm Quetta 49-51
34 Farm Managements 51
35 Farm operations 52
36 Disease Control Measure 52-53
37 Conclusion 54
38 References 55
39
Page 4 of 55
5. Internship Report
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
5
Lasbella University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences Uthal,
Balochistan
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
It is certified that Mr. MUHAMMAD TANVEER SHAH S/O MUHAMMAD
YUSUF SHAH, Registration No: - 2K6-VAS-03 of DVM of session 2006-2012
has successfully completed his internship and submitted his internship report.
Dean of F.V.A.S
Prof Dr. Muhammad Sharif Phullan
Internship Adviser
Asst Prof Dr. Umar Baloch
Checked By
Prepared By
Muhammad Tanveer Shah
Page 5 of 55
6. Internship Report
DEDICATION 6
This Humble Effort, the Fruit of my thoughts and Study,
To My dear Classmate, and Friend Late Dr. Waseem Azeem
Baloch,
To My parents who inspired me to higher ideas of life,
For their Prayers,
For their Sacrifices,
And For their endless patience,
They are “Heaven on Earth” For Me.
To My School Teachers,
Mr. Nabi Bakhash Buzdar,
And Mr. Abdul Ghafoor Bhatti,
To Some One Special,
And All those who are dear to Me.
Page 6 of 55
7. Internship Report
ABSTRACT
7
A full term (10th Semester) Compulsory internship is a prerequisite for the
full fillment of partial completion of degree, Doctor of Veterinary Medication
(DVM) 5 year composite programmed. Internship is also necessary in
accordance with improving the capabilities of a graduate of any professional
background. This practical experience actually improves the professional
capabilities of any individual seeking bright carrier.
A Veterinary science graduate is an important fellow, where he must be
capable of maintaining health of animals but also is responsible for the issues
that are directly or indirectly concerned with the livelihood and general issues
foe human population, so is required for such a graduate to improve his
capabilities while remaining part of team.
As for as mine internship is concern I with reference of my parent
institution, Joined Livestock department Government of Balochistan. During
stay at the department I gained much insight into how to make theoretical
knowledge applicable to practical complexities of organization in order to
operate them efficiently and effectively to achieve organizational goals.
Internship at livestock department has really helped me to polish my skills and
capabilities.
I am sure that with these professional skills and practical approach, I will
be able to gain ever growing momentum in any organization as far as my
competency is concerned.
Page 7 of 55
8. Internship Report
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
8
All praise and thanks to The Gracious the Greatest Lord “Almighty
ALLAH” Who blessed me with courage and made My efforts fruitful, Who best
owed upon me with potential and ability to contribute a little material to
existing knowledge.
I pray all the tributes to The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H)
Who enlightened our conscious, Who is a Torch of guidance and knowledge
for Humanity, All and every respect is for The Holy Prophet Hazrat
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) Who enables us to recognize our Creator.
A special mention goes to my honorable Father
“Muhammad Yusuf Shah”
Loving Mother and all my Family members whose encouragement,
Prayers, financial support, and sympathies paved me to achieve this goal.
I feel great pleasure and honor to express our heartiest gratitude and
deep sense obligation to Dr. Iqbal khetran Director General (D.G) Livestock
and dairy development department Quetta Balochistan.
Thanks to Dr. Faiz Baloch Deputy Superintendent at Civil Veterinary
Hospital Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department Balochistan, for
his keen interest, enlightened views, valuable suggestions, and propitious
guidance for the successful accomplishment of this work.
And Thanks to Dr. Qutab Khan Bangulzai Veterinary officer (V.O) at
Civil Veterinary Hospital Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department
Balochistan for their kind, sympathetic, and inspiring guidance, gracious,
hospitality, and constructive criticism for accomplishment of this manuscript.
Thanks to Dr. Shakeel Khetran Artificial Inseminator (A.I) at Civil
Veterinary Hospital Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department
Balochistan, for his technical guidance and inspiring attitude during our
internship programme.
I feel great pleasure and honor to express our heartiest gratitude and
deep sense obligation to Dr. Farooq khan Superintendent Government Poultry
Farm Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department Quetta
Balochistan for his keen interest, enlightened views, valuable suggestions,
and propitious guidance for the successful accomplishment of this work.
Page 8 of 55
9. Internship Report
Thanks to Dr. Asghar Ahmed Kakar Poultry development Officer
Government Poultry Farm Quetta, Livestock and dairy development 9
department Quetta Balochistan, for their kind, sympathetic, and inspiring
guidance, gracious, hospitality, and constructive criticism for accomplishment
of this manuscript.
We are warmly thankful to ever affectionate Dr. Hasham Veterinary
officer (V.O) (in charge treatment) Government Poultry farm Quetta, Livestock
and dairy development department Balochistan, for his valuable guidance and
generous criticism during the course of internship and for this report Writing.
I feel great pleasure and honor to express our heartiest gratitude and
deep sense obligation to Dr. Zark Jaffar Superintendent Disease Investigation
Laboratory Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department Quetta
Balochistan, for his keen interest, enlightened views, valuable suggestions,
propitious guidance for the successful accomplishment of this work.
Thanks to Abdul Khaliq and Hashim Disease Investigation Laboratory
Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department Quetta Balochistan, for
their kind, sympathetic, and inspiring guidance, gracious, hospitality, and
constructive criticism for accomplishment of this manuscript.
I feel great pleasure and honor to express our heartiest gratitude and
deep sense obligation to Dr. Attique Anwar Sherazi Superintendent
Government Dairy Farm Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department
Quetta Balochistan, for his keen interest, enlightened views, valuable
suggestions, propitious guidance for the successful accomplishment of this
work.
Thanks to Dr. Sayed Ahmed Kakar deputy Superintendent Government
Dairy Farm Quetta, Livestock and dairy development department Quetta
Balochistan, for their kind, sympathetic, and inspiring guidance, gracious,
hospitality, and constructive criticism for accomplishment of this manuscript.
We are warmly thankful to ever affectionate Dr. Zaffar Alam JAttak
Veterinary officer (V.O) (in charge treatment) Government dairy farm Quetta,
Livestock and dairy development department Balochistan, for his valuable
guidance and generous criticism during the course of internship and for this
report Writing.
We must acknowledge Dr. Muhammad Saleem Veterinary Officer (V.O)
(In charge Vaccination & Insemination) Government dairy farm Quetta,
Page 9 of 55
10. Internship Report
Livestock and dairy development department Balochistan, for his technical
guidance and inspiring attitude during our internship programme. 10
Special thanks are also for Mr. Daad Muhammad (Stock Assistant), Mr.
Naseem Uddin (Stock Assistant), and Mr. Abdul Ghafoor (Stock Assistant),
Mr. Imtiaz Buzdar (store Keeper), And all those direct and indirect persons for
their nice cooperation and timely help throughout the tenure of our Internship
programme.
Dr. Muhammad Tanveer Shah
Page 10 of 55
11. Internship Report
List of Figures
11
Sr.NO Title Page No
1 Main Entrance of the C.V.H Quetta 12
2 Castration of ovine males with Burdizo Castrator 21
3 Diseased Animals for Treatment/Diagnosis 23
4 Main Entrance of GOVT Poultry Farm 26
5 The Organization Chart of Government Poultry Farm 27
6 Layers in cages/battery System 30
7 Drugs and Supplements used for Layers 31
8 Main Entrance of D.I Laboratory 40
9 Equipments in D.I Lab & Agar Media Dish 42
10 Holstein Friesian Bull Used for Semen Production 43
11 Front view of GOVT Dairy Farm 45
12 The Organization Chart of Government Dairy Farm. 47
13 Cows in tail to tail Tie Stall 49
14
List of Tables
Sr.NO Title Page No
1 Vaccination Chart 25
2 Vaccination Schedule for Layers 32
3 Feed Consumption for Layers (Per Bird) 32-33
4 Feed Consumption for Broilers (Per Bird) 37
5 Vaccination Schedule for Broilers 38
6 Herd Statistic 48
7 Ration Formula 52
8 Daily Ration Scale 52
9
10
11
12
Page 11 of 55
12. Internship Report
1st Station for Internship Civil Veterinary Hospital Quetta from 19-
Sep-2011 t0 16-oct-2011 12
Introduction: -
Civil Veterinary Hospital Quetta was established during British Rule. At
the start, it was a small unit which was used for the care and treatment of
equines used by British Army. However, after in dependence, this small unit
was upgraded to Civil Veterinary Hospital. Since then it is serving as role
model for rest of the veterinary treatment section of the city.
This historical veterinary hospital is located at Mecongy road. Farmers
and owners of domestic and pet animals are benefiting from the services of
the hospital round the clock. All sort of diseased, injured, and weak animals
are brought for the treatment which is duly given by the efficient staff of the
hospital.
Figure No: - 1 Main Entrance of the C.V.H Quetta
At present Civil Veterinary Hospital Quetta have four sections.
1. Veterinary Hospital
2. Artificial Insemination
3. Disease Investigation Laboratory
4. Equine Breeding Section
Page 12 of 55
13. Internship Report
Civil Veterinary Hospital Quetta is supervised by Veterinary Officers
(V.O), Dr. Qutab Khan Bangulzai. They informed me about the frequent cases 13
generally observed at the hospital.
Artificial Insemination (A.I) section is supervised Dr. Shakeel Khetran. He also
informed me the different emergency cases like dystokia, retention of placenta
etc. He guides me how to handle these cases in hospital and in field.
I joined hospital at 19-september-2011 and served there for 28 days up
to 16-Oct-2011 according to the recommendation of veterinary doctors in
hospital. This hospital providing a wide range of treatment facility to the
farmers and also training facilities for newly appointed veterinary
Officers/Stock Assistants, Internees from different Universities of Pakistan. I
spend 7 days in medicine section, 7 days in surgery section, 7 days in pet
animals care section, and 7 days in reproductive section. During this period
my performance has been praiseworthy in
Treatment of sick animals
Surgical treatment of large and small animals successfully
Reproductive problems, and Pregnancy diagnosis
Page 13 of 55
14. Internship Report
Case:
14
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 3 Weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is depressed.
Diagnosis:
Skin disease, and patches on skin mange (Fungal infection)
Treatment:
Inj: Ivermectin 2cc/S.C for 5 times.
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Caprine
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Female
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 4 weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is Normal.
Diagnosis:
Soil eating, Hormones deficiency, Worms, and cough
Treatment:
Inj: Enflox 4cc/I.M for 5 days
Inj: Glucovit 4cc/I.M for 5 days
Tab: Zoben (bolus)
Tab: (::) Hormones 4 tablets
Page 14 of 55
15. Internship Report
Case:
15
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 5 Weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lameness
Behavior is depressed.
Diagnosis:
Constipation, Lameness, Large Hoof,
Treatment:
Inj: Glucovit 4cc/I.M for 3 days.
Castor Oil (10ml orally), Carminate Mixture (10ml orally), and hoof trimming
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male (Fat tail)
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 Months
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 2 days
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is Abnormal.
Diagnosis:
Temperature 106F*, loss of appetite, Feed off
Treatment:
Inj: Fresh-1 3cc/I.M for 5 days
Inj: 0.50 % O.T.C 4cc/I.M for 5 days
Tempsal (10 ml orally), Carminate mixture (10ml orally)
Page 15 of 55
16. Internship Report
Case:
16
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 4 days
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is depressed.
Diagnosis:
Constipation, Ovine Colic
Treatment:
Inj: Hyosine 4cc/I.V for 3 days.
Inj: Calcium Gluconate 4cc/I.M for 3 days.
Castor Oil (10ml orally), and Carminate Mixture (10ml orally)
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Caprine (Goat)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Female
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 2 days
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is Abnormal.
Diagnosis:
Temperature 103F*, Cough, loss of appetite, Feed off
Treatment:
Inj: Fresh-1 2cc/I.M for 5 days
Inj: Trisulf 4cc/I.M for 5 days, and Carminate mixture (10ml orally)
Page 16 of 55
17. Internship Report
Case:
17
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bovine (Calf)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 3 days
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lay down
Behavior is Sedative.
Diagnosis:
Toxemia, Retention of urine, and abdominal pain
Treatment:
Inj: Hyosine 8cc/I.V for 3 days.
Inj: Lysix 9cc/I.M for 3 days.
Inj: Stynole 9cc/I.M for 3 days.
Inj: Novastar 12cc/I.M for 3 days
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Female
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 2 days
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is Abnormal.
Diagnosis:
Tympanic Condition
Treatment:
Tempsal (20ml orally) and Carminate mixture (10ml orally)
Page 17 of 55
18. Internship Report
Case:
18
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Caprine (Goat)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 3 weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is Normal.
Diagnosis:
Maggots in testes
Treatment:
Inj: 10 lac Penicillin 4cc/I.M 2 times daily for 5 days.
T.T oil ointment for 3 days, Magsol lotion (Ointment), potassium per magnate
(washing of testes)
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ovine (Sheep)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Female
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 2 weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is normal.
Diagnosis:
Wound on valve, maggots in wound, loss of appetite, feed off
Treatment:
Inj: 10 lac penicillin 4cc/I.M 2 times daily for 3 days.
T.T oil (ointment), Carminate mixture (10 ml orally)
Page 18 of 55
24. Internship Report
Case:
24
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bovine (Cattle)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Female
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 4 weeks
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Normal
Behavior is abnormal.
Diagnosis:
Liver Fluke and tonsils
Treatment:
Inj: Amoxi-vet 15cc/I.V for 3 days.
Inj: predef-2x 15cc/I.M for 3 days.
Inj: Lysix 9cc/I.M for 3 days, and Zanil orally 25 ml daily f0r week
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Horse (Equine)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Year
Duration of illness- - - - - - - - 24 hours
Gait - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lameness
Behavior is Normal.
Diagnosis:
Working horse muscle stiffness, and lameness
Treatment:
Inj: Vetafenic 15cc/I.M
Inj: 40 lac penicillin 4cc/I.M for 3 days, and Body mist (lotion) body massage.
Page 24 of 55
25. Internship Report
Vaccination at the C.V.H: -
25
At C.V.H the Friday was vaccination day. The farmers were facilitated with
free vaccine to control the different diseases. I preferably performed
vaccination of different animals and birds.
Case:
Specie - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dog (Canine)
Sex - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Male
Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Year
Behavior is Normal
Vaccination:
Hexa dog (Anti rabies vaccine)
And also different vaccination of domestic animals and poultry birds
Vaccination Chart
Month 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week
January E.T.V(2nd Sheep Pox
Dose)&A.S.V
February F.M.D
March H.S(Buffalo) F.M.D
April B.Q(1st Dose) B.Q(2nd Dose)
May C.C.P.P
June E.T.V(1st Dose) E.T.V(2nd Dose)
July Sheep Pox F.M.D
August
September H.S F.M.D
October B.V.D
November C.C.P.P
December E.T.V(1st Dose)
Key
E.T.V: - Enterotoxaemia A.S.V: - Anthrax Spore Vaccine
H.S: - Hemorrhagic Septicemia F.M.D: - Foot & Mouth disease
B.Q: - Black Quarter Disease C.C.P.P:-ContagiousCaprine PleuroPneumonia
B.V.D: - Bovine Viral Diarrhea
Page 25 of 55
26. Internship Report
26
2nd Station for Internship Government Poultry Farm Quetta from 17-Oct-
2011 t0 13-Nov-2011
Introduction: -
The Government Poultry Farm Quetta has
been established in 1944 for breeding purpose of fancy birds (game birds)
initially, but was re-established in 1955-56 for the commercial farming by
rearing layer and broiler breeds€ respectively for egg and meet production.
The breed kept at this farm is White leghorn, which is well known breed of
layers in aspect of high egg producer, good environment adaptation, and
broodiness traits. The farm is achieving the goal of providing the services to
people in the form of uniform delivery of eggs, meat, and other poultry
products from the establishment day of Farm up to till now.
Figure No: - 4 Main Entrance of GOVT Poultry Farm
The organization Chart: -
There are the Fifty Six (56) Employees at the
government dairy farm Quetta. The head of the farm is Superintendent, sub
Incharge at the farm is Poultry development Officer, there are Six (6)
Veterinary Officers, Five (5) of them are Stock Assistants, Rest of the staff
include the poultry attendants, V.C, and office Staff.
Page 26 of 55
27. Internship Report
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
27
Superintendent
Poultry development
Officer
Veterinary Officer Office
(6) Suritendent
Stock Assiatant Office Assistant
Veterinary Care Senior Clerk
Taker
Poultry Attendnt Senior Clerk
Sweeper & Chokidar
Figure No: - 5 the Organization Chart of Government Poultry Farm.
Page 27 of 55
28. Internship Report
Layers Management in the Government Poultry Farm: -
28
The success of the Layer poultry farm depends
upon the eight (8) points programmed.
1. Selection Of the best breeds of layer with maximum production and
outcome.
2. Balance Feed.
3. Framing On the Scientific Basis.
4. Control of the diseases Management.
5. Construction of the Building On scientific Basis.
6. Number of the Birds According the Space and the Equipments.
7. Regular income and budget planning.
8. Farming should be According to the Trading Rules.
The selection of layers breeds bird with good
traits effect the production of farm. The breed kept at this farm is White
leghorn, which is well known breed of layers in aspect of high egg producer,
good environment adaptation, and broodiness traits. The system adopted for
layers breeding in Government Poultry farm is Cage System. There are 5
Cages having the capacity of rearing 10,000 birds & two hall rooms for these
cages.
I visited the poultry farm during internship a lot
of times Doctor informed me during the visit about management and bio-
security of the farm. Bio-security is the most efficient and cost-effective
method of disease prevention.
Schedule for Layers Management: -
Week 1:
Feeding after 1 hour + Simple water + Antibiotics (Tribersin or Trizen for the
control of yolk sac infection Omphalitis)
The brooder temperature should be 90-95F* (250 birds/brooder)
Flushing of baby chicks (Molasses @4-5kg + Electrolytes (Vinegar) @250ml
for 1000 birds)
Chick guard is used to avoid overcrowding and hurdling.
Page 28 of 55
29. Internship Report
Week 2:
29
The brooder temperature should be 85-90F*
Avoid overcrowding and hurdling.
Put more drinker and feeders. There should be 4 drinkers for 100 birds.
Provide light for 16 hours.
Week 3:
The brooder temperature should be 80-85F*
Provide light for 16 hours.
Week 4:
The brooder temperature should be75-80F*
Brooder can be removed fully.
Put more drinker and waterers.
Provide light for 12 hours.
Control humidity in the shed.
Recommended values are:
Air temperature of 30°C/86°F (measured at chick height in the area where
feed and water are positioned).
Litter temperature of 28–30°C/82–86°F, Relative humidity of 60-70%.
Check litter condition.
Week 5:
Provide light for 10-12 hours.
Remove all weak and underweight birds.
Week 7:
Shift birds to grower house.
Provide anti-stress and anti-coccidian medication soon after shifting.
Page 29 of 55
30. Internship Report
Week 10:
30
Grading of the flock may be done in this weak
Week 16:
Final de-beaking may be done.
Shift the flock to the cages during this week.
Final grading of the flock is done.
Also give pre-layer diet.
Figure No: - 6 Layers in cages/battery System
Week 18:
Continue pre-layer diet.
De-worm the flock.
First egg may be laid during this week.
Week 19:
Egg production gradually increases now.
Continue pre-layer diet.
Week 21:
Collect egg frequently.
Prevent fly problem around the shed.
Page 30 of 55
31. Internship Report
31
Between 23 and 28 weeks increase the light
by 30 minutes per week until a maximum of 16 hours is reached. Usually the
100” feet length, 30” feet width, and 10-12” feet height is recommendation of
the shed for 1000 chicks but it can be changed according to the area and
space.
Disease Control Measures For Layers: -
Adequate precaution must be taken to prevent
all kinds of diseases; rigorous health control measures are taken from early
age. Vaccination against various viral and bacterial diseases is most important
because it is most effective way of prevention of specific disease by inducing
immunity. All type of vaccines is not capable of imparting lifelong immunity. So
the period of effectiveness of particular vaccine, the dosage and route of
administration are essential factors which should be considered. Each vaccine
is done on due date according to following vaccination schedule.
Figure No: - 7 Drugs and Supplements used for Layers
Page 31 of 55
32. Internship Report
Vaccination Schedule for Layers
32
Sr.No Age in days Type Of Vaccine Route Remarks
1 6 ND Clone Eye Drop
2 10 IBD 1 Eye Drop
3 14 De-beaking
4 20 IBD 2 Eye Drop
5 23 ND+IB Eye Drop
6 30 IBD 3 Drinking Water
7 32 Hydro Pericardium Sub Cut
8 35 ND Lasota Drinking Water Repeat After
Every 30 Days
9 16 Week E.DS Vaccine Sub Cut
Table No: - 2
Feed Consumption for Layers (Per Bird)
Age Average Weight Feed
1st Week 50 10 grams
2nd Week 100 20 grams
3rd Week 150 25 grams
4th Week 200 30 grams
5th Week 300 35 grams
6th Week 400 40 grams
7th Week 500 45 grams
8th
Week 650 50 grams
9th Week 8000 55 grams
10th
Week 900 60 grams
Page 32 of 55
33. Internship Report
11th Week 1000 60 grams
33
th
12 Week 1100 65 grams
13th Week 1200 65 grams
114th Week 1250 70 grams
15th Week 1350 70 grams
16th Week 1400 75 grams
17th Week 1500 80 grams
18th Week 1600 85 grams
19th Week 1700 90 grams
20th Week 1800 95 grams
21st Week 1850 100 grams
22nd Week 1900 105 grams
23rd Week 1950 110 grams
24th Week 1950 115 grams
25th Week Onwards ---- 120 grams
Table No: - 3
Broilers Management in the Government Poultry Farm: -
The success of the broiler poultry farm depends upon Characteristics of
commercial importance are given below: -
Health
Feed supply
Lighting
Ventilation
Stocking density
Nutrition
Temperature
Water supply
Vicinal status
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34. Internship Report
Characteristics of commercial importance such as Growth rate, Feed
conversion ratio (FCR), Livability and meat yield as well as bird welfare, leg 34
health, cardiovascular fitness and robustness, The prevention, detection and
treatment of illness and health, The environment that is managed to provide
bird with all their requirements for ventilation, air quality, temperature and
space, The provision of nutrient requirements through the compounding of
appropriate feed ingredients, and the proper management of the provision of
feed and water.
All of these are interdependent. If any one element is sub-optimal, then
overall broiler performance will suffer and Limits to Broiler Growth and Quality
Economic and commercial issues continue to influence the way broilers are
managed, The need for flocks of broilers that can be grown to ever more pre-
dictable and pre-defined specifications, Chick handling, brooding and early
growth management is all of great importance. Broiler production is a
sequential process and ultimate performance is dependent upon the
successful completion of each step. Each stage must be assessed critically
and improvements made wherever required for maximum performance. The
complexity of broiler production means that livestock managers should have a
clear understanding of the factors affecting the whole production process as
well as of that directly influencing bird management on the farm. Changes
may be necessary on the broiler farm.
Farm Preparation: -
Following Farm operations should be adopted for sanitation of poultry house
before rearing a Broiler flock.
Depopulate the house
Cleaning of old feed from house
Clean and disinfect the equipment & expose equipment to sun
Cleaning of house ceiling & walls
Removal of old litter
Make need repairs
Wash house thoroughly
Application of Germicides
Fumigation
Disinfection of floor
Apply Germicides
Put new litter
Install the sanitized equipment
Install & change foot baths
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35. Internship Report
Lock the poultry house and rest the building for at-least 2-4 weeks and
Prepare house for chicks. Install waterer, start brooders, warm the building to 35
the appropriate temperature, and place chick guards. Keep an area of 15-30
meters around the poultry farm closely mowed and free of trash or debris.
Schedule for Layers Management: -
Week 1:
Feeding after 1 hour + Simple water + Antibiotics (Tribersin or Trizen for the
control of yolk sac infection Omphalitis)
The brooder temperature should be 90-95F* (250 birds/brooder)
Flushing of baby chicks (Molasses @4-5kg + Electrolytes (Vinegar) @250ml
for 1000 birds)
Chick guard is used to avoid overcrowding and hurdling.
Week 2:
The brooder temperature should be 85-90F*
Avoid overcrowding and hurdling.
Put more drinker and feeders. There should be 4 drinkers for 100 birds.
Provide light for 16 hours.
Week 3:
The brooder temperature should be 80-85F*
Provide light for 16 hours.
Week 4:
The brooder temperature should be75-80F*
Brooder can be removed fully.
Put more drinker and waterers.
Provide light for 12 hours.
Control humidity in the shed, Check litter condition.
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36. Internship Report
Recommended values are:
36
Air temperature of 30°C/86°F (measured at chick height in the area where
feed and water are positioned).
Litter temperature of 28–30°C/82–86°F, Relative humidity of 60-70%.
Check litter condition.
Week 5:
Provide light for 10-12 hours.
Remove all weak and underweight birds.
Week 6:
Start the finisher ration.
Check all birds’ health status.
Week 7:
Provide anti-stress and anti-coccidian medication.
Market the birds in this week or next week as soon as possible.
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38. Internship Report
Disease Control Measures For Broilers: -
38
Adequate precaution must be taken to prevent
all kinds off diseases; rigorous health control measures are taken from early
age. Vaccination against various viral and bacterial diseases is most important
because it is most effective way of prevention of specific disease by inducing
immunity. All type of vaccines is not capable of imparting life long immunity.
So the period of effectiveness of particular vaccine, the dosage and route of
administration are essential factors which should be considered. Each vaccine
is done on due date according to following vaccination schedule.
Vaccination Schedule for Broilers
Sr.No Age in days Type Of Vaccine Route Remarks
1 6 ND Clone Eye Drop
2 10 IBD 1 Eye Drop
3 17 Hydro Pericardium Sub Cut
4 20 IBD 2 Eye Drop
5 24 ND+IB Eye Drop
6 30 IBD 3 Drinking Water
7 35 ND+IB Drinking Water
Table No: - 5
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39. Internship Report
PROFORMA FOR POSTMORTEM D.I LABORATORY QUETTA
39
Ref#__________ Dated____________ Referred By ________________
Species ___________________Breed 1 __________________________
Breed 2 ___________________Breed 3 __________________________
Layers_____________________ Pullets__________________________
Broilers____________________ Chick__________________________
Total Number of Carcasses
External & Internal Findings: -
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Prepared By Reported By
Veterinary Officer Poultry superintendent Officer
Government Poultry Farm Government Poultry Farm
Quetta Quetta
Postmortem By Verified BY
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40. Internship Report
3rd Station for Internship Disease investigation Laboratory Quetta from
14-Nov-2011 t0 27-Nov-2011 40
Introduction: -
The D.I. Lab located at Brewery Road Quetta near the BMC Hospital
it work in various disease investigation that is found in all over Balochistan, the
D.I Lab also perform Postmortem Investigation after heavy out-break of
diseases. The D.I Lab suggests different treatment according to their
investigation to protect heavy economic losses since 1996.
Figure No: - 8 Main Entrance of D.I Laboratory
Work done at Paracitology Laboratory
Thin Blood Smear
Take blood sample and put a drop of blood on a microsopic slide. Then take
another slide and touch the blood with the end of this slide (Spread Slide) at
the angle of 30 degree. The blood will spread a long along with spreader slide
by capillary action.
Push the spreader slide forward with a steady motion, thus making a thin
blood smear. Dry the smear in air and stain it with Giemsa's Stain.
Thick Blood Smear
Place a fresh drop of blood on slide then gently stir the drop to make in area of
about 10mm diameter.
Allow the blood smear to dry and stain it with Giemsa's Stain.
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41. Internship Report
Examination of Parasite
41
Direct Method
Take piece of feces in a Petri dish and grind it with the help of grinder then put
some drops of water and mix it with the help of grinder. Take some this
solution and put two drops of solution on a clean slide. Put cover slip on it and
examine under microscope.
Salt Method
Take piece of feces in a Petri dish and grind it with the help of grinder, after
grinding put some salt and mix it with water. Take the solution and put in a test
tube and leave the test tube for at least 10-15 minutes. Take a slide and pit it
over the test tube, after a few seconds remove the test tube and examine it
under microscope.
Baerman’s Method
Take grass sample in a piece of cloth put some water in it. Put the piece of
cloth into a conical flask; leave it as for about 24 hour.
After 24 hours the Ova (eggs) drown in the bottom of the flask. Now take
some drops of solution from the bottom of conical flask and put them on a
slide then examine the slide under microscope.
Microbiological Laboratory
Preparation of the Nutrient Agar (Media)
Take 2.8gm of nutrient agar and mix it in 100ml distal water in a conical
flask.
Take piece of cotton and fix the cotton into the mouth of conical flask.
And mouth of conical flask raped with Alumminium paper to avoid
contamination.
Boil this solution up to transparent Color then take the conical flask and
put it into an Auto-Clave and fix Auto-Clave at 15 pound pressure and
121 degree for 10 minutes.
After 10 minutes take the media out from Auto-Clave and let the media
cool for few minutes.
Take the sterilized Petri dish and bring the media near the fire flame,
now remove the Alumminium paper and cotton from the conical flask.
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42. Internship Report
Open the Petri dish near the fire flame and pure some media into the
Petri dish, keep the Petri dish at the room temperature for 30 minutes. 42
After 30 minutes shift the Petri dish into the incubator for 24 hours.
Figure No: - 9 Equipments in D.I Lab & Agar Media Dish
Preparation of Culture
Take a sample of blood in a test tube.
Take a wire loop and sterilize it on fire flame
Open Petri dish of nutrient agar media near the fire flame with one hand
and with the help of other hand dip the sterilized wire loop into the blood
sample and then make 3-4 lines on the media into the Petri dish with
the wire loop. And repeat this process in three Petri dishes.
Put these oculated Petri dishes into incubator at 37C* for 24 hours.
Gram Staining
Collect blood in a syringe, put some drops of blood on a slide and make a thin
blood smear. Let the smear to dry.
Put some crystal violet color on slide and after one minute wash the
slide with tape water.
Put some gram iodine on slide and leave the slide for one minute to dry
and then wash the slide with tape water.
Now wash the slide with sprit to remove unnecessary color from slide.
Then put a few drops of safranine, after 30econd wash the slide with
water and then clean the slide with tissue paper.
Put the slide under microscope and examine the slide, And Result are
G+ve bacteria show Blue color, and G-ve bacteria shows Pink color.
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43. Internship Report
4th Station for Internship Semen Production Unit Quetta from 28-Nov-
2011 t0 11-Dec-2011 43
HISTORY: -
Semen production unit is established in 1994.The bulls are arrived at
laboratory in 1995 and in 1996 the laboratory is well equipped with proper
equipments. The production started in laboratory in 1996. From 1996 to 2010
there are 437772 straws are produced in which 351160 are soled are used
within the Balochistan and 31070 straws are sold to Khyber Pakktonkhak.
The quantity of semen in each straw is 0.5ml and each straw contains 20 lac
sperms the cost of one straw is 100 Rupees.
Figure No: - 10 Holstein Friesian Bull Used for Semen Production
Work done in semen production center
Method of semen collection: -
First of all collect fresh semen from a healthy bull early in the morning in
an artificial vagina and put the semen with tube in hot water bath.
Fresh sperm check: -
Take sample from fresh semen and put a drop of semen on the slide and
examine it under electron micro-scope. Check the mortality of semen; note the
mortality rate on a paper.
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44. Internship Report
Dilution: -
44
For 1ml semen 60ml media is required, take some media mix it with
semen and put this solution into a conical flask put the remaining media in
conical flask slowly and gradually and continuously shake the bottle.
Post mortality: -
Now put few drops of solution on a slide and also put a cover slip on it
and examine under electronic microscope. Note the mortality rate.
Cooling process: -
In this process we will bring the media temperature from 20C* to 4C*
keep the pieces of ice around the cooling chamber for 30 minutes and then
equilibrium process starts.
Equilibrium process: -
In this process media will be kept at 4C* for 4 hours.
Freezing process -
In this process the temperature is brought at -130C* from 4C*.
Liquid Nitrogen Process: -
In this process the temperature of media is decreased up to -196C*.
Next day take the straws out of the nitrogen and put them into water bath at
37C* for 5 minutes. After 5 minutes cut the straw and put the semen on slide
and put a cover slip on it and examine it under microscope for checking
mortality.
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45. Internship Report
5th Station for Internship Government Dairy Farm Quetta from 12-Dec-
2011 t0 08-Jan-2011 45
Introduction: -
The Government Dairy Farm was established
in 1977 at Brewery Road Quetta with an initial strength of 100 imported
Holstein Friesian Cows and 2 Bulls. The Farm comprises of total 62.5 Acers
of Land, out of which 42.5 Acers is being used for Agriculture purpose and 20
Acers for office buildings, Animal’s shed and Residential Colony of Staff. This
farm is an experimental station where we keep all the record about the
animals, their pedigree record through exotic semen, milk record of
cows/calving record and feeding trails record.
Goals and Objectives of Government Dairy Farm Quetta: -
The purpose of this project was to make efforts to overcome the
deficiency of the milk production in Quetta.
Providing demonstration facilities to local dairy owners in the field of
dairy technology and dairy husbandry and also training facilities for
newly appointed veterinary Officers/Stock Assistants, Internees from
different Universities of Pakistan and Nursing School Students of the
Health Department.
Providing Male Stock of high yielding Dairy Strains to the local dairy
owners for cross breeding where Artificial Insemination (A.I) facilities
are not available.
To maintain and expansion of pure Holstein Friesian breed dairy
animals. This farm is an experimental station.
Figure No: - 11 Front view of GOVT Dairy Farm
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46. Internship Report
The ORGANIZATION CHART: - 46
Near about one hundred labor, 08
Veterinarians, 06 Stock Assistants, and 01 Artificial Inseminator is employed
in this farm and their services fulfill the requirements of consumers, improve
general health of animals and job opportunities are created in the country
side which not only help in poverty elevation but also improve the
socioeconomic condition.
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47. Internship Report
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
47
Director Farms &
feed Resources
Superintendent
Deputy Office
Superintendent Suritendent
Veterinary Office Assistant
Officers
Stock Assiatant Senior Clerk
Cattle Attendnt Senior Clerk
Sweeper &
Chokidar
Figure No: - 12 the Organization Chart of Government Dairy Farm.
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48. Internship Report
Location of the Dairy Farm Quetta: -
48
The Farm location fulfills all the requirements
that are needed for a standard Dairy Farm. It is situated higher elevation than
the surroundings for rain fall and drainage of wastes.
The range land area of Farm has fertile soil for
cultivation of different types of green fodder. The building is located with
maximum exposure to the Sun, with tall trees of sadda bahar (Juniper),
providing protection from prevailing strong winds in hot or cold seasons.
Abundant supply of soft, fresh and clean (Tube Well) water is available around
the clock. All the Buildings of Farm has desirable and adequate electric
supply, with a stand by electricity generator.
All the area of farm has boundary wall and
there is no any road or railway track nearby and is situated at drive of 15
minutes from Quetta city.
Herd Statistic
Name of Animals Closing Balance
Male Female
Bull 01
Milking Cows 31
Pregnant Cows 18
Dry Cows 03
Dry Heifers Above 18 43
Months
Dry Heifers Above 12 06
Months
Y/S 9-12 Months 07
Y/S 6-9 Months 05 05
Y/S 3-6 Months 05 02
Male Sucklers 03
Female Sucklers 03
Total 14 118
Grand Total 132
Table No: - 6
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49. Internship Report
Housing of Farm Animals at Dairy Farm Quetta: -
49
Housing of Farm animals is important as it
provides shelter against adverse effects of weather. At Quetta Dairy Farm the
combination of both two suitable types of housing (Loose & Conventional)
types/systems can observed. The floor of paddock is paved with bricks having
a thin/medium layer of cow dung for bedding of animals. Along with feeding
manger facing in (head to head system) and there are two wide water ponds
providing clean drinking water free of choice (Adlib tem), with two entrances
from both cow sheds.
Milking Cows Sheds: -
These are arranged in double rows partitions
in a manner face to face out (Tail to Tail System). As with this system there is
lesser chance of disease spread. The inside floor is made of concrete, with
rough surface keeping the point in view that the animal should not slip the
drains capable of draining out the waste material (dung) and liquid excreta
without getting blocked.
Figure No: - 13 Cows in tail to tail Tie Stall
Tie Stalls: -
The stalls provide greater comfort to the cows.
The cows are fastened by means of a chain 1.5 meter which snaps to neck
strep on cow.
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50. Internship Report
Feeding Manger: -
50
These are continuous and made of cement
concrete material having no removable partitions for individual cow with low
front height.
Alleys: -
The width of central walk (alley) is of (8 Feet)
with two drains running parallel each other these afterward joining the main
gutters. There is feeding alley (4 feet) on both sides of cow barns (east and
west) is also available.
Walls: -
The walls having continuous ventilator for that
prevent dampness inside the barn.
Doors: -
Height of doors = 7 feet.
Width of doors = 8.5 feet.
The middle of both sheds has gates for entrance into shed and one gate from
open area. In both barns an area of 96 sq.ft of depth of 2 feet is placed for
preparation of ration and three arches are specified in each shed for milking of
the cows.
Coving Pen: -
Special accommodation for pregnant animals
in the form of loose housing that is enclosed from all sides with common
feeding manager and water trough.
Isolation Box: -
A loose box specified for sick/diseased
animals with feeding manager and water trough in each.
Shed for young Stock
Housing of Calves: -
At farm calves are being sheltered in a
separate calf house or calf shed under loose housing system with feeding
manager and water trough in each.
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51. Internship Report
Housing of Young Stock: -
51
Under loose housing system for an efficient
management at the farm the young stock is divided into four groups/classes
according to their age. Each class is provided with common feeding manager
and water trough in and out side of each young stock shed.
Besides these structures the farm has
separate bullock shed, shed for dried pregnant cows, and shed for pregnant
heifers. Stores for storage of feed stuff(cotton seed cake, rice polish, wheat
bran and molasses) a huge shed having tin roof for storage of wheat straw,
rooms for keeping of dead stock, a hall having milk cooling tank and milk cane
for transport of milk are also available.
Farm Managements
A clean environment, good nutrition, and absence of disease free atmosphere
are the essentials of better management that ensuring healthy and productive
Farm animals.management include all those necessory steps that up-lifts the
performance and production at farm such as: -
Good quality of clean fresh water and adequete feed.
Clean, dry and comfortable housing with adequate ventilation and
appropriate ambient temperature.
Freedom of movement
Prevention of diseases
Proper diagnosis and treatment of injuries and diseass
1. Care of Animals
2. Care of Cows
3. Care of calves
4. Identification of ANIMALS AT Farm
5. Dehorning
6. Rising and care of breeding Bull at Farm
7. Care of Milking Cows
8. Caution in handling
9. Cattle Crush
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52. Internship Report
Other Farm operations: -
52
Nutrition
As the thumb rule and for the sake of economy feed (green fodder along with
concentrate mixture expect wheet straw) is given 1/10 of its body weight.
Ration Farmula
Ingredients %(Kg)
Cotton seed cake 37(Kg)
Wheat bran 32(Kg)
Rice polish 19(Kg)
Pea 11(Kg)
DCP 1(Kg)
Total 100(Kg)
Table No: - 7
Daily Ration Scale
Animals Green Fodder Wheat Straw (Kg) Concentrate (Kg)
(Kg)
Weaning Age 3 1.5 1
Young Stock 10 3 2
below 18 Months
Young Stock 15 4 3
above 18 Months
Milking Cows 20 5 4
Cows in last 15 5 3
trimester of
pregnancy
Bull 25 7 6
Table No: - 8
Disease Control Measure
1. Vaccination
Adequate precaution must be taken to prevent
all kinds of diseases; rigorous health control measures are taken from early
age. Vaccination against various viral and bacterial diseases is most important
because it is most effective way of prevention of specific disease by inducing
immunity. All type of vaccines is not capable of imparting lifelong immunity. So
the period of effectiveness of particular vaccine, the dosage and route of
administration are essential factors which should be considered. Each vaccine
is done on due date according to following vaccination schedule.
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53. Internship Report
2. Spray
53
Like FMD and piroplasmosis (include a group
of heamoprotozone parasites) such as babesiosis anaplasmosis and
theleriosis is a big threat for these animals and main source of transmission of
all these disease are the ticks and biting flies. All the premises of the farm are
sprayed regularly.
3. Deworming
The deworming programme against infestation
of internal parasites (endoparasites) is under taken bi-annually in November
and April.
Treatment of Sick/Diseased Animal
The treatment of sick/diseased animals is
initiated on basis of clinical diagnosis than later on samples for laboratory
confirmation.
Some Other Essentials in Dairy Cattle Management
Heat Detection
Artificial Insemination (A.I)
Pregnancy Diagnosis
Drying off the Dairy Cows
Grooming and washing of Cows
Hoof trimming
Culling of the Farm Animals
Use of Refused Feed and Dung
Record keeping
Following record are maintained in Dairy Farm
Quetta: -
A.I Article Register, Medicine Stock Register, Medicine Consumption Register,
A.I Record Register, Log Book of the various Vehicles, Feed Stock Register,
Feed Consumption Register, Herd Statistic Register, Milk Record Register,
Pedigree Record Register, Treatment Register, Dead Stock Register, Milk
Sale Register, and Consumer Article Register.
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54. Internship Report
54
CONCLUSION
This internship was a great experience to me. It was a real pleasure for me
to work in Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Quetta, Balochistan.
I worked with nice people in a good atmosphere. Carrying out this internship in
Livestock and Dairy Development, allows me to be immerged in a different
ways to meet several interesting people in and out of the institutes (C.V.H,
Poultry Farm, D.I Laboratory, Semen Production Unit, and Dairy Farm) such
as Veterinary Officers, A.I Officers, Researchers, and to learn a lot of thing
which added my knowledge.
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55. Internship Report
55
REFERENCES
Books Referred
Prasad, J., 2010. Poultry Production and Management. Kalyani
Publishers, New Delhi, India.
Khan, M.I. and S. Mughal., Poultry Breeding & Incubation, Breeding and
Incubation Div., Poultry Production and Research Sindh.
Shah, S.I., 1994. Animal Husbandry. National Book Foundation,
Islamabad, Pakistan.
Naeem K.( (1998). Feed Management of day-old chicks (Urdu). VC-
Newsletter,5(2):7-8.
Websites
Diseases of domestic animals. Available from:
http://www.thedomesticanimalssite.com. Accessed 2011 Sept 30.
Tips on poultry raising introduction. Available from:
http://www.da.gov.ph/dawebsite/poultry1.pdf. Accessed 2011 Dec 22.
Centers for disease control and prevention; 2001. Available at:
http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/actionplane/index.htm. Accessed
2011 Dec 22.
www.google.com
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