1. About a Barn
À propos de grange
Photo: Peter Ellis
Studying Vernacular Architecture
L’études de l’architecture vernaculaire
2. Vernacular Architecture
L’architecture vernaculaire
A region’s dialect written in timber
and stone.
Le language d’une région inscrit
dans le bois et la pierre
Photo: Ednothing photostream, flickr.com
Photo: Peter Ellis
3. …studyin’s just another …Étudier..une façon
word for fancy lookin’… éléguante de voir…
Gatineau Park: Through Voir le parc de la Gatineau à
new eyes travers des yeux neufs.
Why Barns? Pourquoi des granges?
One of the most
important structures on a
Une des structures les plus
homestead importantes de la ferme
Knowledge of building La connaissance du
handed down through bâtiment remise en question
practice – strong par la pratique – Conserver
conservatism of what ce qui est le plus efficace ou
works best, or what is ce qui est le mieux pensé.
thought best Saveurs locales
Local flavours
Form follows function
La forme épouse la fonction
4. We’re losing this part of our heritage
Une partie de notre patrimoine en péril!
Through neglect - Par
négligences
Through urban sprawl - À
cause de l’étalement urbain
Through modern agriculture
- À cause de l’agriculture
moderne
The best way to preserve is
to find a new function: pay
your way - La meilleure façon
de les sauver et de leur trouver
de nouvelles fonctions:
5. ….speaking of re-use…
….parlons réutilisation…
Amongst other things, some converted
barns host weddings and receptions!
The beauty of a barn is that its frame
structure allows (relatively) easy
adaptation to new use
•Entre autres initiatives, certains en ont fait
des lieux de réceptions de mariage!
•Ce qui est intéressant avec les granges
c’est que leurs adaptation est
«relativement» facile.
6. Form & Function – some local types
The English Barn
Les granges à l’anglaises
Forme & fonctions – quelques types locaux
7. Antecedents for the ‘english barn’
Barns and houses in
England
Granges et maisons en
Angleterre
Le passé des ‘ granges à l’anglaises’
8. Form & Function – some local types
Forme & fonction – quelques types locaux
The Bank Barn
La grange «Bank»
9. Form & Function – some local types
Forme & fonction – quelques types locaux
The Round Barn
‘octagonal building’ on Shawville fairgrounds
– burned down in 1989 – probably the only
example in West Quebec
Most in Quebec found in the southern part of
the Eastern Townships – strong ties with the
US
Grange ronde
‘structure octogonale’ situé à Shawville –
brûlé en 1989 – Peut-être le seul exemple
dans l’Ouest du Québec
La plupart ont été retrouvée dans le sud
des cantons de l’Est. – très près des É.-U.
10. From the Log Barn to the Gambrel Barn
Du grange en bois carees au granges «gambrel»
A.T. Jenkins
11. The New Barns - Les granges modernes
Modern agriculture demands industrial sized buildings with larger
clearances than the old barns could achieve
L'agriculture moderne exige les bâtiments de niveau industriel avec de
plus grands dégagements que les vieilles granges pouvaient fournir
12. Not sure what style this barn from Quyon is…
local environment creates local style!
Incertain du style de cette grange de Quyon …
les conditions locales créent des styles locaux!
13. Donc, qu’est-ce que je cherche
So What Do I Look For? And ? Et comment est-ce que je le
fais ?
How Do I Do It?
Don’t get hurt. Timber-framed Ne vous en faites-pas! Les
barns are enormously strong, structures de bois des granges
but they don’t last forever. sont bien solides, mais elles ne
Don’t go into a barn where durent pas pour toujours. Ne
obvious beams and posts are pas entrer dans une grange où
missing! des poutres portantes
I would suggest starting by manquent !
looking at: Je suggérerais de commencer
The setting
en regardant
The style L’encadrement
The framing & joinery Le modèle
The materials La structure et la menuiserie
Decorative features (if any) Les materiaux
Les decorations
14. Suggested Record Card - Suggestion de
fiches descriptives
Make a record Municipality Address Map Reference Record #
sheet - Créer
une fiche Survey Date Photo Ids Main Aspect Date?
Create
categories -
Créer des Coded Description Farm or property name:
catégories 1 2 3 4 5 6
a
‘a’ –type de b
«truss» types c
‘b’ – murs/ d
walling e
‘c’ – Le nombre f
d’ouvertures - g
number of bays h
…etc i
17. Framing – Carpenter’s marks
Structure- Les marques du charpentier
Carpenter’s marks –
individual bents were laid
out on the ground,
numbered to indicate how
the building went together
Les marques du charpentier -
différents «bents» ont été
disposés sur le sol et numérotée
pour indiquer comment le
bâtiment est assemblé
21. Drawing/Photos - Dessins et photos
Drawing doesn’t have to be
perfect
Just has to capture the salient
features
Le schéma ne doit pas être
juste parfait, il doit capturer
les éléments saillants
22. Brigham-Chamberlin Farm
La ferme Brigham-Chamberlin
Built –Construite circa 1840
Bought by te FDC 1948
Acheté par la CDF in 1948
Farm house moved 1962
La maison de ferme a été déménagée 1962
23. Brigham-Chamberlin Farm
La ferme Brigham-Chamberlin
Thos. Brigham – Philemon Wright’s son-in-law
Arrived from Chelsea, Vermont
Look to New England for architectural connections!
Built saw mill, grist mill, tannery, smithy on Brooks’ Creek
The Chamberlin bros. – arrived to work for Philemon
Wright (came from Lowell, Mass.)
Neighbours, business partners – become family
through marriage (a common rural story!)
(The Chamberlins also had blood connections to Philemon Wright)
The barn -> tangible connection to the ‘heroic’ age
of settlement of this area!
Notas do Editor
Round barns were promoted for a number of reasons. The circular form has a greater volume-to-surface ratio than the rectangular or square form. For any given size, therefore, a circular building will use fewer materials than other shapes, thus saving on material costs. Such barns also offer greater structural stability than rectangular barns. And because they can be built with self-supporting roofs, their interiors can remain free of structural supporting elements, thereby providing vast storage capabilities. The circular interior layout was also seen as more efficient, since the farmer could work in a continuous direction. Biggest era was in 1880s. Never caught on well.
-log barns. Log barns continued medieval traditions in the New World and adapted them to new North American conditions. In the process, the structural unit of the European log barn, the "crib," became a flexible standard component. The crib is essentially a box of wood to hold crops or hay fitted with sheds and roofs to shelter animals and vehicles. The Gambrel (double sloped roof) barn – represents the evolution that standardisation and mechanized production of timber wrought in barn design. It was not only the shape of the roof that made it new, but vast changes in the building system separated it from previous barns. The Gambrel roof barn incorporated standardized, lightweight, machine-sawn structural members into an advanced truss configuration with nail construction – shows the farmer’s willingness to adapt to the possibilities of new technology. Very successful – the most ubiquitous symbol of a barn – but time marches on: