5. Foreword
These Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction have been
developed to serve as a baseline for the work delivered to the public by the Washington State
Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The Standard Specifications are incorporated into
the written agreement (Contract) between WSDOT as Contracting Agency and the Contractor,
except where the Contract indicates that a particular specification has been amended or
replaced with a special provision to resolve project-specific issues. The decision to amend or
replace any standard specification with a special provision is made during the design process
and is based upon the sound engineering judgment of the project designer.
These Standard Specifications reflect years of refinement through the literally hundreds
of projects the Department delivers each year. In addition, the standards are the result of
countless hours of development and review by both our internal WSDOT staff as well
as our industry partners through the joint WSDOT/Associated General Contractors’
Standing Committees.
Finally, these standards reflect the contracting philosophy and balance of risk-allocation
that the Department has adopted through the years. We believe that this balance of risks
provides us the lowest final cost solution to our transportation needs. For example, shifting
risk to the Contractor can provide more certainty on final cost, but may result in higher initial
cost. On the other hand, accepting more risk by the owner can result in lower initial costs, but
less certainty on the final cost. We at the Department of Transportation believe that we have
reached the optimum point of balance for risk, and we will continue to consider this balance
on all future specification revisions.
The language above indicates that these specifications are to be used only as a guideline
during the design process, and that is true. Once they have been incorporated into a Contract,
however, they become the legal and enforceable language of that Contract. The Standard
Specifications, the Amendments to the Standards, and the Project Special Provisions, along
with any attachments in the Contract documents, define a Contract and are no longer seen as
guidelines. Rather, they are the written agreement, subject to revision only through the change
order process.
This preface is for informational purposes only and is not to be used to interpret or affect
the terms.
Jeff Carpenter, P.E.
State Construction Engineer
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Page i
9. Contents
Division 1 General Requirements
1-01 Definitions and Terms................................................................................................ 1-1
1-01.1 General......................................................................................................... 1-1
1-01.2 Abbreviations............................................................................................... 1-1
1-01.2(1) Associations and Miscellaneous.............................................. 1-1
1-01.2(2) Items of Work and Units of Measurement............................... 1-2
1-01.3 Definitions.................................................................................................... 1-3
1-02 Bid Procedures and Conditions................................................................................ 1-7
1-02.1 Prequalification of Bidders.......................................................................... 1-7
1-02.2 Plans and Specifications.............................................................................. 1-8
.
1-02.3 Estimated Quantities.................................................................................... 1-8
1-02.4 Examination of Plans, Specifications, and Site of Work............................. 1-8
.
1-02.4(1) General..................................................................................... 1-8
1-02.4(2) Subsurface Information. ........................................................ 1-10
.
1-02.5 Proposal Forms.......................................................................................... 1-10
1-02.6 Preparation of Proposal.............................................................................. 1-10
1-02.7 Bid Deposit................................................................................................ 1-11
1-02.8 Noncollusion Declaration and Lobbying Certification.............................. 1-11
1-02.8(1) Noncollusion Declaration...................................................... 1-11
1-02.8(2) Lobbying Certification........................................................... 1-12
1-02.9 Delivery of Proposal.................................................................................. 1-12
1-02.10 Withdrawing, Revising, or Supplementing Proposal................................. 1-13
1-02.11 Combination and Multiple Proposals........................................................ 1-13
.
1-02.12 Public Opening of Proposals..................................................................... 1-14
.
1-02.13 Irregular Proposals..................................................................................... 1-14
1-02.14 Disqualification of Bidders........................................................................ 1-14
1-02.15 Pre-Award Information.............................................................................. 1-15
1-03 Award and Execution of Contract.......................................................................... 1-16
1-03.1 Consideration of Bids................................................................................ 1-16
1-03.1(1) Tied Bids................................................................................ 1-16
1-03.2 Award of Contract...................................................................................... 1-16
1-03.3 Execution of Contract................................................................................ 1-17
1-03.4 Contract Bond............................................................................................ 1-17
1-03.5 Failure to Execute Contract....................................................................... 1-17
1-03.6 Return of Bid Deposit................................................................................ 1-18
1-03.7 Judicial Review.......................................................................................... 1-18
1-04 Scope of the Work.................................................................................................... 1-19
1-04.1 Intent of the Contract................................................................................. 1-19
1-04.1(1) Bid Items Included in the Proposal........................................ 1-19
1-04.1(2) Bid Items Not Included in the Proposal................................. 1-19
1-04.2 Coordination of Contract Documents, Plans, Special Provisions,
Specifications, and Addenda...................................................................... 1-19
1-04.3 Vacant........................................................................................................ 1-19
.
1-04.4 Changes...................................................................................................... 1-20
1-04.4(1) Minor Changes....................................................................... 1-21
1-04.5 Procedure and Protest by the Contractor................................................... 1-21
1-04.6 Variation in Estimated Quantities.............................................................. 1-22
1-04.7 Differing Site Conditions (Changed Conditions)...................................... 1-23
1-04.8 Progress Estimates and Payments.............................................................. 1-24
1-04.9 Use of Buildings or Structures................................................................... 1-24
1-04.10 Use of Materials Found on the Project...................................................... 1-24
1-04.11 Final Cleanup............................................................................................. 1-24
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
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10. Contents
1-05 Control of Work.......................................................................................................
1-05.1 Authority of the Engineer..........................................................................
1-05.2 Authority of Assistants and Inspectors......................................................
1-05.3 Plans and Working Drawings. ...................................................................
.
1-05.4 Conformity With and Deviations From Plans and Stakes.........................
1-05.5 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
1-05.6 Inspection of Work and Materials..............................................................
1-05.7 Removal of Defective and Unauthorized Work.........................................
1-05.8 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
1-05.9 Equipment..................................................................................................
1-05.10 Guarantees.................................................................................................
.
1-05.11 Final Inspection.........................................................................................
.
1-05.12 Final Acceptance........................................................................................
1-05.13 Superintendents, Labor, and Equipment of Contractor.............................
.
1-05.13(1) Emergency Contact List. .......................................................
.
1-05.14 Cooperation With Other Contractors.........................................................
1-05.15 Method of Serving Notices........................................................................
1-06 Control of Material..................................................................................................
1-06.1 Approval of Materials Prior to Use. ..........................................................
.
1-06.1(1) Qualified Products List (QPL)...............................................
1-06.1(2) Request for Approval of Material (RAM).............................
1-06.1(3) Aggregate Source Approval (ASA) Database.......................
.
1-06.1(4) Fabrication Inspection Expense.............................................
1-06.2 Acceptance of Materials............................................................................
1-06.2(1) Samples and Tests for Acceptance.........................................
1-06.2(2) Statistical Evaluation of Materials for Acceptance................
1-06.2(2)A General.............................................................
1-06.2(2)B Financial Incentive...........................................
1-06.2(2)C Removed and Rejected Materials....................
1-06.2(2)D Quality Level Analysis....................................
.
1-06.2(2)D1 General....................................
1-06.2(2)D2 Hot Mix Asphalt.....................
1-06.2(2)D3 Other Materials.......................
1-06.2(2)D4 Quality Level Calculation.......
1-06.3 Manufacturer’s Certificate of Compliance................................................
.
1-06.4 Handling and Storing Materials.................................................................
1-06.5 Owners Manuals and Operating Instructions. ...........................................
.
1-06.6 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
1-07 Legal Relations and Responsibilities to the Public...............................................
1-07.1 Laws to be Observed. ................................................................................
.
1-07.2 State Taxes.................................................................................................
1-07.2(1) State Sales Tax: Work Performed on City, County, or
Federally-Owned Land..........................................................
1-07.2(2) State Sales Tax: Work on State-Owned or Private Land.......
.
1-07.2(3) Services..................................................................................
1-07.3 Forest Protection and Merchantable Timber Requirements......................
.
1-07.3(1) Forest Fire Prevention............................................................
1-07.3(2) Merchantable Timber Requirements......................................
1-07.4 Sanitation...................................................................................................
1-07.4(1) General...................................................................................
1-07.4(2) Health Hazards.......................................................................
1-07.5 Environmental Regulations. ......................................................................
.
1-07.5(1) General...................................................................................
1-07.5(2) State Department of Fish and Wildlife..................................
.
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2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
11. Contents
1-07.6
1-07.7
1-07.8
1-07.9
1-07.10
1-07.11
1-07.12
1-07.13
1-07.14
1-07.15
1-07.16
1-07.5(3) State Department of Ecology.................................................
1-07.5(4) Air Quality.............................................................................
Permits and Licenses.................................................................................
.
Load Limits................................................................................................
1-07.7(1) General...................................................................................
1-07.7(2) Load-Limit Restrictions.........................................................
High-Visibility Apparel. ............................................................................
.
1-07.8(1) Traffic Control Personnel.......................................................
1-07.8(2) Non-Traffic Control Personnel..............................................
.
Wages.........................................................................................................
1-07.9(1) General...................................................................................
1-07.9(2) Posting Notices......................................................................
1-07.9(3) Apprentices............................................................................
1-07.9(4) Disputes.................................................................................
1-07.9(5) Required Documents. ............................................................
.
1-07.9(6) Audits.....................................................................................
Worker’s Benefits. .....................................................................................
.
Requirements for Nondiscrimination. .......................................................
.
1-07.11(1) General Application...............................................................
1-07.11(2) Contractual Requirements. ....................................................
.
1-07.11(2)A Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
Responsibilities................................................
1-07.11(3) Equal Employment Opportunity Officer. ..............................
.
1-07.11(4) Dissemination of Policy.........................................................
1-07.11(4)A Supervisory Personnel.....................................
1-07.11(4)B Employees, Applicants, and
Potential Employees........................................
.
1-07.11(5) Sanctions................................................................................
1-07.11(6) Incorporation of Provisions...................................................
.
1-07.11(7) Vacant....................................................................................
.
1-07.11(8) Vacant....................................................................................
.
1-07.11(9) Subcontracting, Procurement of Materials, and
Leasing of Equipment............................................................
1-07.11(10) Records and Reports..............................................................
1-07.11(10)A General.............................................................
1-07.11(10)B Required Records and Retention.....................
Federal Agency Inspection. .......................................................................
.
Contractor’s Responsibility for Work........................................................
1-07.13(1) General...................................................................................
1-07.13(2) Relief of Responsibility for Completed Work.......................
1-07.13(3) Relief of Responsibility for Damage by Public Traffic.........
1-07.13(4) Repair of Damage..................................................................
Responsibility for Damage........................................................................
Temporary Water Pollution/Erosion Control.............................................
1-07.15(1) Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures Plan...........
Protection and Restoration of Property......................................................
1-07.16(1) Private/Public Property..........................................................
1-07.16(2) Vegetation Protection and Restoration...................................
1-07.16(2)A Wetland and Sensitive Area Protection............
1-07.16(3) Fences, Mailboxes, Incidentals..............................................
1-07.16(4) Archaeological and Historical Objects..................................
1-07.16(4)A Inadvertent Discovery of Human
Skeletal Remains.............................................
.
1-07.16(5) Payment.................................................................................
.
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
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12. Contents
1-07.17 Utilities and Similar Facilities................................................................... 1-63
1-07.17(1) Utility Construction, Removal, or Relocation by
the Contractor........................................................................ 1-63
.
1-07.17(2) Utility Construction, Removal, or Relocation by Others. ..... 1-63
.
1-07.18 Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance...................................... 1-64
1-07.19 Gratuities.................................................................................................... 1-66
1-07.20 Patented Devices, Materials, and Processes.............................................. 1-66
1-07.21 Rock Drilling Safety Requirements........................................................... 1-66
1-07.22 Use of Explosives...................................................................................... 1-66
1-07.23 Public Convenience and Safety................................................................. 1-67
1-07.23(1) Construction Under Traffic.................................................... 1-67
1-07.23(2) Construction and Maintenance of Detours............................ 1-69
1-07.24 Rights of Way............................................................................................ 1-69
.
1-07.25 Opening of Sections to Traffic................................................................... 1-69
1-07.26 Personal Liability of Public Officers......................................................... 1-70
.
1-07.27 No Waiver of State’s Legal Rights. ........................................................... 1-70
.
1-08 Prosecution and Progress........................................................................................ 1-71
1-08.1 Subcontracting........................................................................................... 1-71
1-08.1(1) Subcontract Completion and Return of Retainage Withheld. 1-72
1-08.2 Assignment................................................................................................ 1-73
1-08.3 Progress Schedule...................................................................................... 1-73
1-08.3(1) General Requirements. .......................................................... 1-73
.
1-08.3(2) Progress Schedule Types. ...................................................... 1-74
.
1-08.3(2)A Type A Progress Schedule. .............................. 1-74
.
1-08.3(2)B Type B Progress Schedule............................... 1-74
1-08.3(2)C Vacant.............................................................. 1-74
.
1-08.3(2)D Weekly Look-Ahead Schedule........................ 1-74
.
1-08.3(3) Schedule Updates................................................................... 1-75
1-08.3(4) Measurement.......................................................................... 1-75
1-08.3(5) Payment................................................................................. 1-75
.
1-08.4 Prosecution of Work.................................................................................. 1-75
.
1-08.5 Time for Completion. ................................................................................ 1-76
.
1-08.6 Suspension of Work................................................................................... 1-77
1-08.7 Maintenance During Suspension............................................................... 1-78
1-08.8 Extensions of Time.................................................................................... 1-78
1-08.9 Liquidated Damages.................................................................................. 1-80
1-08.10 Termination of Contract............................................................................. 1-81
1-08.10(1) Termination for Default......................................................... 1-81
1-08.10(2) Termination for Public Convenience..................................... 1-82
1-08.10(3) Termination for Public Convenience Payment Request........ 1-82
1-08.10(4) Payment for Termination for Public Convenience. ............... 1-83
.
1-08.10(5) Responsibility of the Contractor and Surety.......................... 1-83
1-09 Measurement and Payment.................................................................................... 1-84
1-09.1 Measurement of Quantities........................................................................ 1-84
1-09.2 Weighing Equipment................................................................................. 1-85
1-09.2(1) General Requirements for Weighing Equipment................... 1-85
1-09.2(2) Specific Requirements for Batching Scales........................... 1-86
1-09.2(3) Specific Requirements for Platform Scales........................... 1-86
.
1-09.2(4) Specific Requirements for Belt Conveyor Scales.................. 1-87
1-09.2(5) Measurement.......................................................................... 1-87
1-09.2(6) Payment................................................................................. 1-88
.
1-09.3 Scope of Payment...................................................................................... 1-88
1-09.4 Equitable Adjustment................................................................................. 1-89
1-09.5 Deleted or Terminated Work...................................................................... 1-89
1-09.6 Force Account............................................................................................ 1-90
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2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
13. Contents
1-09.7
1-09.8
1-09.9
Mobilization............................................................................................... 1-93
Payment for Material on Hand. ................................................................. 1-93
.
Payments.................................................................................................... 1-94
1-09.9(1) Retainage............................................................................... 1-95
.
1-09.10 Payment for Surplus Processed Materials................................................. 1-96
.
1-09.11 Disputes and Claims.................................................................................. 1-96
1-09.11(1) Disputes Review Board......................................................... 1-96
.
1-09.11(1)A Disputes Review Board Membership.............. 1-97
1-09.11(1)B Disputes Review Board Procedures................. 1-98
1-09.11(2) Claims.................................................................................... 1-99
1-09.11(3) Time Limitation and Jurisdiction......................................... 1-101
1-09.12 Audits....................................................................................................... 1-101
1-09.12(1) General................................................................................. 1-101
1-09.12(2) Claims.................................................................................. 1-101
1-09.12(3) Required Documents for Audits.......................................... 1-102
.
1-09.13 Claims Resolution.................................................................................... 1-102
1-09.13(1) General................................................................................. 1-102
1-09.13(2) Nonbinding Alternative Disputes Resolution (ADR).......... 1-103
1-09.13(3) Claims $250,000 or Less..................................................... 1-103
.
1-09.13(3)A Administration of Arbitration........................ 1-103
1-09.13(3)B Procedures to Pursue Arbitration................... 1-103
1-09.13(4) Claims in Excess of $250,000............................................. 1-104
.
1-10 Temporary Traffic Control. .................................................................................. 1-105
.
1-10.1 General..................................................................................................... 1-105
1-10.1(1) Materials.............................................................................. 1-105
1-10.1(2) Description........................................................................... 1-105
1-10.2 Traffic Control Management. .................................................................. 1-106
.
1-10.2(1) General................................................................................. 1-106
1-10.2(1)A Traffic Control Management. ........................ 1-106
.
1-10.2(1)B Traffic Control Supervisor............................. 1-107
1-10.2(2) Traffic Control Plans............................................................ 1-108
1-10.2(3) Conformance to Established Standards............................... 1-108
1-10.3 Traffic Control Labor, Procedures, and Devices...................................... 1-109
1-10.3(1) Traffic Control Labor........................................................... 1-109
1-10.3(1)A Flaggers and Spotters..................................... 1-110
1-10.3(1)B Other Traffic Control Labor........................... 1-110
1-10.3(2) Traffic Control Procedures................................................... 1-110
1-10.3(2)A One-Way Traffic Control............................... 1-110
1-10.3(2)B Rolling Slowdown.......................................... 1-111
1-10.3(2)C Lane Closure Setup/Takedown....................... 1-111
1-10.3(2)D Mobile Operations......................................... 1-112
1-10.3(2)E Patrol and Maintain Traffic
Control Measures........................................... 1-112
1-10.3(3) Traffic Control Devices. ...................................................... 1-112
.
1-10.3(3)A Construction Signs......................................... 1-112
1-10.3(3)B Sequential Arrow Signs................................. 1-113
.
1-10.3(3)C Portable Changeable Message Sign............... 1-113
1-10.3(3)D Barricades...................................................... 1-113
1-10.3(3)E Traffic Safety Drums. .................................... 1-113
.
1-10.3(3)F Barrier Drums................................................ 1-114
1-10.3(3)G Traffic Cones and Tall Channelizing Devices.1-114
1-10.3(3)H Tubular Markers. ........................................... 1-114
.
1-10.3(3)I Warning Lights and Flashers......................... 1-114
1-10.3(3)J Transportable Attenuator............................... 1-115
.
1-10.3(3)K Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal. .. 1-115
.
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
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14. Contents
1-10.4
1-10.5
Page 8
Measurement............................................................................................
1-10.4(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items)........................
1-10.4(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for Incidentals..........................
1-10.4(3) Reinstating Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control.....
1-10.4(4) Owner-Provided Resources.................................................
Payment...................................................................................................
.
1-10.5(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items)........................
1-10.5(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for Incidentals..........................
1-10.5(3) Reinstating Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control.....
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2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
15. Contents
Division 2 Earthwork
2-01 Clearing, Grubbing, and Roadside Cleanup........................................................... 2-1
2-01.1 Description................................................................................................... 2-1
2-01.2 Disposal of Usable Material and Debris...................................................... 2-1
2-01.2(1) Disposal Method No. 1 – Open Burning................................. 2-1
2-01.2(2) Disposal Method No. 2 – Waste Site....................................... 2-1
2-01.2(3) Disposal Method No. 3 – Chipping......................................... 2-2
2-01.3 Construction Requirements......................................................................... 2-2
.
2-01.3(1) Clearing.................................................................................... 2-2
2-01.3(2) Grubbing.................................................................................. 2-2
2-01.3(3) Vacant...................................................................................... 2-3
.
2-01.3(4) Roadside Cleanup.................................................................... 2-3
2-01.4 Measurement................................................................................................ 2-3
2-01.5 Payment....................................................................................................... 2-3
.
2-02 Removal of Structures and Obstructions................................................................ 2-4
2-02.1 Description................................................................................................... 2-4
2-02.2 Vacant.......................................................................................................... 2-4
.
2-02.3 Construction Requirements......................................................................... 2-4
.
2-02.3(1) Removal of Foundations.......................................................... 2-4
2-02.3(2) Removal of Bridges, Box Culverts, and
Other Drainage Structures....................................................... 2-4
.
2-02.3(3) Removal of Pavement, Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters........... 2-4
2-02.4 Measurement................................................................................................ 2-5
2-02.5 Payment....................................................................................................... 2-5
.
2-03 Roadway Excavation and Embankment................................................................. 2-6
.
2-03.1 Description................................................................................................... 2-6
2-03.2 Vacant.......................................................................................................... 2-6
.
2-03.3 Construction Requirements......................................................................... 2-6
.
2-03.3(1) Widening of Cuts..................................................................... 2-6
2-03.3(2) Rock Cuts................................................................................. 2-6
2-03.3(3) Excavation Below Subgrade.................................................... 2-8
2-03.3(4) Sluicing.................................................................................... 2-9
2-03.3(5) Slope Treatment....................................................................... 2-9
2-03.3(6) Deposit of Rock for the Contracting Agency’s Use................. 2-9
2-03.3(7) Disposal of Surplus Material................................................... 2-9
2-03.3(7)A General............................................................... 2-9
2-03.3(7)B Haul.................................................................... 2-9
2-03.3(7)C Contractor-Provided Disposal Site.................. 2-10
2-03.3(8) Wasting Material.................................................................... 2-10
2-03.3(9) Roadway Ditches................................................................... 2-10
2-03.3(10) Selected Material................................................................... 2-10
2-03.3(11) Slides...................................................................................... 2-11
2-03.3(12) Overbreak. ............................................................................. 2-11
.
2-03.3(13) Borrow................................................................................... 2-11
2-03.3(14) Embankment Construction.................................................... 2-12
.
2-03.3(14)A Rock Embankment Construction..................... 2-12
2-03.3(14)B Earth Embankment Construction..................... 2-13
2-03.3(14)C Compacting Earth Embankments.................... 2-13
2-03.3(14)D Compaction and Moisture Control Tests......... 2-14
2-03.3(14)E Unsuitable Foundation Excavation.................. 2-15
2-03.3(14)F Displacement of Unsuitable
Foundation Materials....................................... 2-15
2-03.3(14)G Backfilling........................................................ 2-15
2-03.3(14)H Prefabricated Vertical Drains........................... 2-15
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16. Contents
2-04
2-05
2-06
2-07
2-08
2-09
2-03.3(14)I Embankments at Bridge and Trestle Ends.......
2-03.3(14)J Gravel Borrow Including Haul........................
2-03.3(14)K Select or Common Borrow Including Haul.....
2-03.3(14)L Embankment Widening for Guardrail. ............
.
2-03.3(14)M Excavation of Channels and Ditches...............
2-03.3(15) Aeration.................................................................................
.
2-03.3(16) End Slopes.............................................................................
2-03.3(17) Snow Removal.......................................................................
2-03.3(18) Stepped Slope Construction...................................................
2-03.4 Measurement..............................................................................................
2-03.5 Payment.....................................................................................................
.
Haul...........................................................................................................................
2-04.1 Description.................................................................................................
2-04.2 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
2-04.3 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
2-04.4 Measurement..............................................................................................
2-04.5 Payment.....................................................................................................
.
Vacant. ......................................................................................................................
.
Subgrade Preparation.............................................................................................
2-06.1 Description.................................................................................................
2-06.2 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
2-06.3 Construction Requirements.......................................................................
.
2-06.3(1) Subgrade for Surfacing..........................................................
2-06.3(2) Subgrade for Pavement..........................................................
2-06.4 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
2-06.5 Measurement and Payment........................................................................
2-06.5(1) Subgrade Constructed Under Same Contract........................
2-06.5(2) Subgrade Not Constructed Under Same Contract.................
Watering...................................................................................................................
.
2-07.1 Description.................................................................................................
2-07.2 Vacant........................................................................................................
.
2-07.3 Construction Requirements.......................................................................
.
2-07.4 Measurement..............................................................................................
2-07.5 Payment.....................................................................................................
.
Vacant. ......................................................................................................................
.
Structure Excavation...............................................................................................
2-09.1 Description.................................................................................................
2-09.2 Materials....................................................................................................
2-09.3 Construction Requirements.......................................................................
.
2-09.3(1) General Requirements. ..........................................................
.
2-09.3(1)A Staking, Cross-Sectioning, and Inspecting......
2-09.3(1)B Depth of Excavation........................................
2-09.3(1)C Removal of Unstable Base Material................
2-09.3(1)D Disposal of Excavated Material.......................
2-09.3(1)E Backfilling........................................................
2-09.3(1)F Items to Remain...............................................
2-09.3(2) Classification of Structure Excavation...................................
2-09.3(3) Construction Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class A..
2-09.3(3)A Preservation of Channel...................................
2-09.3(3)B Excavation Using Open Pits –
Extra Excavation..............................................
2-09.3(3)C Preparation for Placing Foundations...............
.
2-09.3(3)D Shoring and Cofferdams..................................
2-09.3(3)E Bearing Tests....................................................
2-09.3(4) Construction Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class B.
.
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2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10