The document provides an overview of Industrial Ethernet technologies including: - TIA standards for Ethernet cabling categories and their data rates and compatibility. Cat6 cable supports speeds up to 10Gbps. - TIA-1005 standard for industrial premises cabling which considers hostile environments. - Ethernet switch features like IGMP snooping, VLANs, and supported topologies. - Common Ethernet protocols used in industrial networks like EtherNet/IP, Modbus TCP, and Profinet. - Research on spending and use of Ethernet, with switches, cable, and networks being top specified products. Operations and engineering teams work on integration and security and training are key challenges.

1. Industrial Ethernet, Part 1:
Technologies
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4. Purpose and Learning Objectives
• Identify the Telecommunications Infrastructure
Standard for Industrial Premises to choose the
proper cabling infrastructure for a particular
network environment
• Identify the Ethernet features required for
particular network protocols and environment
• Identify the best network topology for a particular
plant layout.
• Examine the 2013 Ethernet trends in CE’s
“Mobility, Ethernet and Wireless” report
• Look at trends from other Ethernet research

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6. Speakers
• Mike Robbins, Network Engineering
Manager, TriCore Inc.
• Moderator: Mark T. Hoske, Content
Manager, Control Engineering,
CFE Media, covering industrial
networking, among other topics, since
1994

7. Industrial Ethernet, Part 1:
Technologies
Mike Robbins
Network Engineering Manager
TriCore Inc.

8. Industrial Ethernet Technologies
• TIA standards for Ethernet copper cabling
• The categories and how to choose.
• Best practices
• Industrial Ethernet networks
• Type of networks
• Ethernet switch features
• IGMP snooping
• VLAN’s
• Ethernet topologies

9. TIA Twisted-pair cable categories
Category Makeup Data rate
Network
compatibility
Cat-1 2 pair 1 Mbps Analog voice
Cat-3 4 twisted pairs 10 Mbps – 2 pair 10BaseT
Cat-5 4 twisted pairs
10 Mbps – 2 pair
100 Mbps – 2 pair
10BaseT
100BaseTX
Cat-5e 4 twisted pairs
10 Mbps – 2 pair
100 Mbps – 2 pair
1 Gbps – 4 pair
10BaseT
100BaseTX
1000BaseTX
Cat-6 4 twisted pairs
1 Gbps – 4 pair
10 Gbps – 4 pair (55m)
1,000BaseTX
10,000BaseTX
Cat-6a 4 twisted pairs 10 Gbps – 4 pair 10,000BaseTX

10. Fixed cabling & patch cables
• Patch cables typically use stranded conductors
• Can extend up to 10 meters (33 ft)
• Terminated at the factory
• The cabling between patch panels and jacks are
referred to as fixed or “horizontal” cabling
• Can extend up to 90 meters (295 ft)
• Normally solid conductors
• Terminate with modular jacks or punch down
Ethernet over copper cable is limited to 100m

11. CAT5e
100Mb max
24/26 AWG
CAT6a
10Gb max
23 AWG
Center spline
CAT6
1Gb max
23 AWG
Categories for Industrial Applications

12. TIA-568
Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard
• The TIA 568 standard defines these
areas:
• Backbone
• Connecting hardware
• Cords and jumpers
• Horizontal (solid wires) cables
• Stranded (patch) cables
• Optical fiber
•Type of fiber, transceivers, and
supported distances

13. TIA-1005
Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard for Industrial Premises
• In contrast to the TIA-568 standard, which addresses
commercial buildings, the central concept of this standard
is the potential exposure to hostile environments in the
industrial space.
• A prime design principle of the standard is the special
cabling system requirements for industrial operations.
•Category 6 or better cabling shall be used for the
Automation Islands.

14. TIA-1005: MICE definition
M1I1C1E1 - Worst case commercial environment
M2I2C2E2 - Worst case light industrial environment
M3I3C3E3 - Worst case industrial environment

15. Telecommunications Room
Control Room
Typical MICE Range 1
(commercial grade)
Factory Floor
Network Distribution
Typical MICE Ranges 1-2 from
commercial grade to light industrial
Work Area
Consolidation points
Typical MICE Ranges 1-2 from
commercial grade to light industrial
Automation island
Control Panels, On Machine
(distributed)
MICE Ranges 1-3 from commercial
grade to harsh environment rated

16. Cabling best practices
• Planning is key
• Include cable
management
• Color coded cabling
• Patch panels
• Naming scheme
• Label!

17. Network documentation
• Understanding
of critical
network
dependencies
• Assists with
troubleshooting
• Point of
reference for
expansion

18. Industrial networks
What is the role of your network?
• SCADA
• Systems that collect data from PLCs.
• Use explicit (unicast) communications
• Control network
Controls drives, I/O, servos, etc.
• EtherCAT
• EtherNet/IP
• Modbus TCP
• Profinet
• etc.

19. Multicast:
GroupCommunication
consumer
producer
producer
producer
Industrial Ethernet switches
IGMP Snooping
HMI
HMI

20. Industrial Ethernet switches
Broadcasts
Broadcast
192.168.1.0 192.168.5.0

21. Industrial Ethernet switches
Router
Broadcast Domain 1 Broadcast Domain 2
Router
BroadcastBroadcast
192.168.1.0 192.168.5.0

22. Industrial Ethernet switches
VLAN (virtual local area network)
Broadcast Domain 1 Broadcast Domain 2
Router
BroadcastBroadcast
192.168.1.0 192.168.5.0
Switch
w/VLAN’s
VLAN 1 VLAN 2

23. Industrial Ethernet switches
VLAN 2
VLAN 2
VLAN 3
VLAN 3
VLAN 3
VLAN 2
VLAN 3

24. Industrial Ethernet switches
How fast are they?
10ms
10ms
2.5µs 2.5µs 2.5µs
Total latency = 7.5µs

25. Ethernet topologies
Star

26. Ethernet topologies
Tree

27. Ethernet topologies - Ring
Ring requirements:
• Managed switches
• Ring protocol enabled

28. Ethernet topologies
Redundant star

29. Industrial Ethernet Technologies
• Use the TIA-1005 standard to select the proper
infrastructure for your industrial network.
• Document your network in detail.
• If you have a control network with Ethernet/IP, make sure
you use managed switches and enable IGMP snooping.
• Ethernet topologies commonly used for industrial
Ethernet networks

30. Mobility, Ethernet and
Wireless Research
Mark T. Hoske, Content Manager,
Control Engineering, CFE Media

31. Introduction and methodology
Objective
Control Engineering performed this research to better understand more about integration, use, and spending for
mobility, Ethernet, and wireless technologies and how they help users of automation, controls, and instrumentation to
be more productive.
Sample
The sample was selected from recipients of Control Engineering for whom email addresses were available.
Method
Subscribers were sent an email asking them to participate in this study. The email included a URL linked to the
questionnaire.
 Data collected: Oct. 11, 2013, through Oct. 29, 2013
 Respondents were asked about the technologies or services they buy or specify that use, connect with,
or support mobility, Ethernet, or wireless technologies. Those responding positively were asked about
specific products, spending trends, use of mobility devices, integration, protocols, security, and mobile
applications.
 Number of respondents: 200
 Margin of error: +/- 6.9 at a 95% confidence level
 Incentive: Survey participants were offered the opportunity to enter a drawing for a $150 VISA gift card.

32. CE Ethernet research topics
• Ethernet products specified
• Future spending and productivity resulting from Ethernet use
• Products and services spending comparison
• Servicing and integrating Ethernet products
• Where Ethernet technologies are used in the workplace
• Ethernet protocols used. (An Ethernet protocol is the software
that runs over the Ethernet physical layer.)
• How integrated is Ethernet?
• How easily was Ethernet implemented?
• Ethernet adoption benefits
• Ethernet adoption challenges

33. Ethernet products specified
Q: Identify the specific products you use, buy, or specify, or expect to within the next 12 months for business/professional purposes. (n=200)
Switches, wire or cable, networks, connectors and routers are the most common products
specified.
64%
59%
54%
52%
49%
40%
35%
31%
19%
19%
Switches
Wire or cable
Networks
Connectors
Routers
Cordsets
Gateways
Other infrastructure hardware
Other infrastructure software
Services for infrastructure

34. Future spending and productivity
Q: Complete the following statements by estimating: (n=200)
Analysis
9%
40%
41%
4%
8%
Productivity
outlook
9%
40%
43%
6%
3%
Products and services
spending outlook
Not sure
Decrease
Remain the same
Increase
Significantly increase

35. Products and services budget
Q: For the products and services you purchase, what do you spend more money on for Ethernet and wireless? (n=200)
By a three-fold margin, products get more budget than Ethernet services, said respondents.
Products, 59%
Services,
16%
About the
same, 25%

36. Servicing and integrating
Q: For the following, indicate who most often works on, services, and integrates these devices at your location: (n=200)
Operations or engineering and business IT were evenly split among those working on,
servicing, and integrated Ethernet devices.
30% 19% 31% 14% 4% 4%
Operations or engineering Manufacturing IT
Business IT System integrator
Consultant Other

37. Servicing and integrating (continued)
Q: Where do you interface with the industrial mobility, Ethernet, or wireless technologies mentioned above? (n=200)
Where Ethernet, industrial mobility, and wireless technologies are used...
77%
50%
39%
36% 35%
21% 19%
Place of
business
(plant
floor/operations)
Place of
business
(reaching into
enterprise)
Other company
locations
Customer
locations
Home With service
providers or
system
integrators
With product
suppliers,
vendors

38. Ethernet protocols
Q: Which Ethernet protocols are used in your facility? (n=200)
Most-used Ethernet protocols are EtherNet/IP, TCP/IP and UDP, Modbus TCP, and Profinet.
72%
67%
42%
29%
19% 16%
10% 9% 8% 7% 6% 6% 5% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1%

39. Integrated technologies
Q: Currently, how integrated with controls, automation, instrumentation are following technologies? (n=200)
46% of respondents see Ethernet as highly integrated with controls, automation and
instrumentation, and 40% see Ethernet as somewhat integrated.
46% 40% 12% 3%
Highly integrated Somewhat integrated Not very integrated Not integrated

40. Integration experience
Q: How was the integration experience in the last 12 months? (n=200)
Most respondents said Ethernet was relatively easy to install.
42% 37% 14% 3%5%
Easy (plug and play)
More challenging (plug, configure, and play)
Difficult (plug, configure, unplug, call someone)
Tried, but didn't have resources (tried, gave up)
Knew better than to even try

41. Ethernet technology benefits
Q: What are the primary benefits of industrial use of Ethernet technologies at your location (or company)? (n=200)
By far, the primary Ethernet benefit is greater data access. Next benefits are ease of use
and productivity increases, followed by cost savings.
63%
37% 37%
28%
23% 22% 20% 20% 17% 14% 14%
5% 3%

42. Ethernet adoption challenges
Q: What challenges do you see with adoption (or additional use) of these technologies in your business? (n=200)
Security and lack of training and education and support are among major adoption challenges.
23%
22%
18%
17%
Security issues
Lack of
training/education/
processes to support
adoption or integration
No budget, lack of
investment for capital
investments
No budget, lack of
investment for system
integration or services
investments
14%
13%
9%
5%
Lack of knowledge of
use cases or benefits
Lack of business case
to support investment
Safety issues
No need for these
technologies

43. Summary of CE Ethernet research
• Most common products: Switches, wire or cable, networks, connectors and routers
• 40% of respondents expect to spend more on Ethernet and increase productivity.
• Around 60% of what’s spent on Ethernet goes to products. Services get less.
• Operations or engineering and business IT were evenly split: Ethernet workers
• Ethernet, industrial mobility, and wireless technologies are used 77% on the plant
floor or operations areas.
• Most used Ethernet protocols: EtherNet/IP, TCP/IP and UDP, Modbus TCP, Profinet,
and EtherCAT.
• 46% of respondents see Ethernet as highly integrated with controls, automation and
instrumentation, and 40% see Ethernet as somewhat integrated.
• Most respondents said Ethernet was relatively easy to install.
• Data access is the greatest technology benefit of Ethernet by 63% of respondents.
• Security and lack of training, education and support are among major adoption
challenges.

44. Industrial Ethernet switches, routers

45. Industrial Ethernet components

46. Ethernet is gaining on fieldbus

47. Ethernet growth for motion control
Use of Ethernet with motor drives and motion controllers will more than triple in
2016 from 1.8 million new connected nodes in 2011, IHS said.

48. Ethernet for process industries
Use of Ethernet as an industrial communications technology in motion control
to more than triple by 2016, IHS said.

49. Ethernet switches get a boost
• Industrial Ethernet (IE) switches, driving by discrete automation, will
get a boost from increased use in process and infrastructure
applications, said ARC Advisory Group in May 2013.
• IE differs from commercial switches: ruggedized enclosures, high IP
ratings, mounting and connector types, ability to withstand extended
temperature ranges, redundant components, and conformance to
industrial infrastructure standards, among others.
• Infrastructure applications include smart grid and intelligent rail.
• The mix of form factors, point counts, port speeds, media types, and
other device characteristics continues to expand.
• Availability of switches that meet requirements such as IEC 61850-3
for substation automation and EN 50155 for rail only further enhances
Ethernet’s suitability in infrastructure applications.

50. Ethernet research from others
• IHS commented recently on decline in growth of stand-alone industrial
routers, as use of managed switches is expected to grow steadily over
five years.
• While annual fieldbus connections still outpace industrial Ethernet
connections, IHS believes that within 10 to 15 years industrial Ethernet
will be the dominant networking technology in industrial environments
and almost all components will offer Ethernet connectivity as standard.
• Use of Ethernet as an industrial communications technology in motion
control will more than triple by 2016, IHS said.
• Industrial Ethernet nodes in process industries are projected to rise to
8.7 million units in 2016, up a 96% from 4.4 million in 2011, IHS said.
• Industrial Ethernet switches, driving by discrete automation, will get a
boost from increased use in process and infrastructure applications,
said ARC Advisory Group.

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52. Speakers
• Mike Robbins, Network Engineering
Manager, TriCore Inc.
www.tricore.com
• Moderator: Mark T. Hoske, Content
Manager, Control Engineering,
CFE Media, covering industrial
networking, among other topics, since
1994 www.controleng.com

53. Thanks to Today’s Webcast Sponsors

54. Industrial Ethernet, Part 2: Case Study
Applications will be held on Thursday,
November 21, 2013
Click here for more information and to register
for part 2 of this Webcast series.

55. Industrial Ethernet, Part 1:
Technologies
Sponsored by: