Heraldry and Semantics

XXIXth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF
GENEALOGICAL AND HERALDIC SCIENCES
Stuttgart - Hotel Le Méridien - 12 to 17th September 2010
TheSemantic Organization of PrimitiveHeraldry: A Semiotic Approach to Medieval Identity
FEUP/FLUPUniversidadedo Porto - EscolaSuperior deArteseDesign deMatosinhos
1
I Introduction
 Background
 Motivation
 Objectives
 Problem
30 / 0

2
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Hypothesis’ formulation
 Dataanalyses
 Hypothesis’ validation
 Propositions
 Justifications
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3
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
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4
Variables
 Semantic modesof Heraldry
 Canting armsand rebuses
 Denominant
 Designant
 Heraldic parophony
 Blazoning
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5
Semantic Modes of Heraldry
 Association
 Transmission
 Identification

6
Canting Arms and Rebuses

7
Heraldic Parophony
Association by phonetic correspondence of the designation of one or
more original visual heraldic elements, the designant, and the
denomination, direct or indirect of the blazon’s referent, the
denominant.
Antwerpen Hand werpen
denominant designant

8
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
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9
Quantification
 Lower boundary
 Metaplasms
 Limitations
 Adjustments
 Model
 Upper boundary
35 / 48

10
Lower Boundary
no discretion

11
Lower Boundary
no discretion

12
Quantification
 Lower boundary
 Metaplasms
 Limitations
 Adjustments
 Model
 Upper boundary
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13
Metaplasms

14
Quantification
 Lower boundary
 Metaplasms
 Limitations
 Adjustments
 Model
 Upper boundary
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15
Quantification
 Lower boundary
 Metaplasms
 Limitations
 Adjustments
 Model
 Upper boundary
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16
Model
Formulas

17
Model
Number of charactersor phonemes
_Antwerpen > Handwerpen
nD= 9; nd= 10

18
Model
Coefficient of transposition
t = 0

19
Model
Coefficient of character
_Antwerpen > Andwerpen
c = 0.5
c = 1

20
Model
Coefficient of position
p = 1p = 1.5
_Antwerpen > Andwerpen_Antwerpen > Handwerpen

21
Model
Total number of transformations
_Antwerpen > Handwerpen > _Andwerpen
j = 2

22
Model
Discretion index
k = 2 [ ( 0.5 x
1 + 0 ) + ( 1 x
1.5 + 0 ) ] / 10 = 0.4

23
Quantification
 Lower boundary
 Metaplasms
 Limitations
 Adjustments
 Model
 Upper boundary
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24
Upper Boundary
allowablediscretion

25
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
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26
Hypothesis’ Formulation
Hypothesis: It is possible to admit the existence of
parophony for the primitive representation of the
Portuguesecoat of arms.
(Hypothesis: It is possible to admit the existence of
parophony for the primitive representation of territorial
coatsof arms.)
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27
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
39 / 86

28
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
39 / 91

29
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
39 / 93

30
II Methodology
 Stateof theart
 Variables
 Quantification
 Dataanalyses
 Propositions
 Justifications
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31
III Data Analyses
 Syntactic analysis
 Quantitativeanalysis
 Qualitativeanalysis
• Determination
• Classification
• Semiotic organization
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32
Semiotic Organization
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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33
Referent
 Direct designation
 Transferred arms
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34
County of Bar

35
Bar-le-Duc
Bar < FRE | FRE > Bars
Basses

36
Referent
 Direct designation
 Transferred arms
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37
Kingdom of Majorca

38
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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39
Referent’s Metonymy
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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40
County of Schauenburg

41
Nesselberg
Nesselberg < GER | GER > Nessel
Nettle

42
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
42 / 119

43
Kingdom of England III

44
London
Londres< ANO | ANO > Leon Treis
Lion Three

45
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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46
Duchy of Brittany

47
Brittany
Breizh < BRI | BRI > Brizh
Spotted

48
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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49
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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50
Duchy of Bavaria

51
Regen
Regen < GER | GER > Regen
Rain

52
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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53
Kingdom of Wales

54
Llywelyn Fawr
Llywelyn Fawr < WEL | WEL > Llew
Lion

55
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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56
Lordship of Ireland

57
Irish
Ireis< ANO | ANO > Reis
Kings

58
 Residential
 Capital
 Territorial
 Oronymy
 Hydronymy
 Anthroponymy
 Ethnonymy
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59
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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60
Verbalization
 Imaginary language
 Languageof conquest
 Languageof influence
 Linguafranca
 Linguistic hybridism
 Territorial language
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61
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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62
Accommodation
 Affinity
 Growth
 Conjunction
 Transformation
 Transposition
 Suppression
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63
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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64
Sematization
 Composition
• Simplemonosemy
• Compositemonosemy
• Homonymic polysemy
• Heteronymic polysemy
• Hybrid polysemy
• Iconic polysemy
 Metonymization
• Denominant’smetonymy
• Designany’smetonymy
• Simplemetonymy
• Submetonymy
• Compositemetonymy
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65
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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66
Designant
 Actions
 Architecture
 Astronomy
 Botany
 Colorations
 Geometry
 Materials
 Notorieties
 Other nouns
 Quantities
 Signals
 Toponymy
 Weather
 Zoology
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67
 Referent
 Metonymy
 Verbalization
 Accommodation
 Sematization
 Designant
 Signifier
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68
Signifier
 Semantic traces
 Other phenomena
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69
Semantic Traces
 Attitudes
 Disposition
 Figurations
 Number
 Orientation
 Placements
 Separations
 Tinctures& furs
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70
Signifier
 Semantic traces
 Other phenomena
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71
Other Phenomena
 Anomalies
 Complementation
 Interaction
 Transmigration
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72
Anomalies
 Profusion
 Hesitation
 Sublimation
 Divergence
 Subtraction
 Omission
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73
Other Phenomena
 Anomalies
 Complementation
 Interaction
 Transmigration
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74
Complementation
 Centralization
 Contrast
 Imitation
 Prop
 Proportionality
 Redundancy
 Replenishment
 Sacralization
 Simplification
 Symmetry
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75
Other Phenomena
 Anomalies
 Complementation
 Interaction
 Transmigration
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76
Interaction
 Resonance
 Concealment
 Arrangement
 Insertion
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77
Other Phenomena
 Anomalies
 Complementation
 Interaction
 Transmigration
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78
Transmigration
 Enhancement
 Evolution
 Extension
 Persistence
 Substitution
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79
V To Answer
 When hasall started?
 Can it beapplied to most coatsof arms?
 Why it didn’t surviveto our knowledge?
 For how long wasit used?
 Wasit ageneral cultural phenomenon?
 Why thesesctructureswerechosen?
 May welink them together?
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80
Further Information
 http://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/58500
(thewholethesisin Portuguese)
 http://heraldry.blogs.sapo.pt
(developmentsin English)
 http://heraldica.blogs.sapo.pt
(developmentsin Portuguese)
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Heraldry and Semantics

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