Industrial Wireless Communication

Welcome to PHOENIX CONTACT

What can wireless
do for you?

Stewart Wilson
Project Engineer
Central Region
815-274-5049

Agenda
 Why Use Wireless?
 What Is Wireless?
 License vs. Unlicensed
 Spread Spectrum
 Public vs. Proprietary
 ISM Bands
 Wi-Fi
 900 MHz Proprietary
 UHF Radios
 GSM/GPRS Cell Phone
 Antennas & accessories
 Installation design & System best
practices

2 | Presentation | Ira Sharp | 20 April 2010

Why wireless?

It can solve application challenges


Why wireless? When logistics and terrain
make wired solutions
impractical or cost
effective.


Using Wireless in Industrial
Applications  Wireless has become a standard in
everyday life
 Commercially, for convenience
 Industrially, to solve problems


Using Wireless in Industrial
Applications  Wireless has become a standard in
everyday life
 Commercially, for convenience
 Industrially, to solve problems

 Developments in industrial wireless
are accelerating very rapidly
 New technologies are in development
 Standards are being created
specifically for industry


RF Radios control the roof on the new Dallas Cowboys Stadium


Perimeter Surveillance Application
Waste Water Treatment Plant (WTP)


Benefits of Wireless in Industrial
Applications
 Lower installation costs (than wired
solutions)
 Labor savings
 Permits and delays
 Material cost
 Faster installation vs. traditional cabling
Reduced down times
 More application flexibility


Consider Wireless Technology
for today’s industrial challenges
Cost

$40000
Cost of Wires + Installation can = $10 to $1000+ / foot

$10000

$1325

1000 ft 1 mile Distance


What Makes Wireless Technology Industrial?
 Reliability
 Must be as reliable / more
reliable than wire?
 Latency appropriate for
application.

 Security
 Prevent malicious use from
intruders
 Prevent malicious jamming of
frequencies

 Rugged
 Easy setup and installation.
 Able to operate in an industrial
environment.


FCC Operating Guidelines
Trunked and
Low Band 25-50 MHz Conventional 800 MHz

Mid Band 66-88 MHz Cellular 800/900 MHz
72-76 MHz (in USA)

Spread Spectrum 902/928 MHz
VHF Band 132-150 MHz 2400-2483.5 GHz 5725-
150-174 MHz 5850 GHz
928/952 MHz
900 MHz Pt to Pt (932941 MHz)
220 Band 220-225 MHz
(220-222 MHz)
960 MHz
960 MHz Pt to Pt

UHF Band 406-430 MHz Pt to Pt Microwave 2000 MHz
450-470 MHz PCN Networks
(2 GHz)
470-512 MHz


Radio Frequencies have many applications:
Most Industrial radio modems use UHF
VLF very low frequency LF frequencies for long
and some VHF low frequency
range data communications
MF multi frequency
e.g. for supervision and control of
power distribution networks and other
SCADA and automation applications.
HF high frequency
MoIndustrial Devices work m

VHF very high frequency

UHF ultra high frequency

SHF super high frequency

EHF extremely high frequency

Industrial Wireless Communication
Solutions
(Application Space Matrix)
Mbps

100’s of ft

802.11 (a, b, g etc)

802.11 (a, b, g etc)
Data Rate

Distance

Remote

UHF
Miles
Kbps

transmitters

UHF
Proprietary Wi-Fi standards UHF Wireless
wireless 802.11 (a, b, g etc)


Consider Wireless Technology
Wireless Options
Licensed RF: Uses a high power radio frequency
transmitter to send data through the air
 License-free RF: Uses a low power radio frequency
transmitter to send data through the air


Licensed vs. Unlicensed
Licensed Unlicensed

Requires user to purchase a license No license required

Very low to no interference Much more interference

Very low thru-put when interference Little effect on thru-put with low
occurs amounts of interference

Higher power can be used this can Does not allow for high power
result in greater distances transmissions


ISM Bands - Industrial, Scientific and Medical
900MHz 900MHz
Advantages:
vs. • More robust, less prone to interference
2.4GHz • Lower attenuation, travels further through more
obstacles
vs. Disadvantages:
5GHz • Low bandwidth prevents large data transfer,
speed
• Components are larger at lower frequencies
2.4GHz
Advantages: 5GHz
• Higher bandwidth allows large data Advantages:
transfer, speed • Higher bandwidth allows large data transfer,
• Components are smaller, cheaper speed
Disadvantages: • Less congested, few RF devices in this band
• Congested band due to abundance of Wi- Disadvantages:
Fi, Bluetooth, microwaves, cordless phones • Low transmit power limitations
• Attenuates much more quickly, will not • High attenuation in cables, requires very high
pass through metal gain antennas


ISM Frequency Bands (in North America)
 Lower Frequencies:
 propagate further
 penetrate objects better

 2.4GHz:
900MHz
 used by microwave ovens
(rain fade issues)
 is license free around the
world
2.4GHz
 congested band
 higher throughput

 5.8GHz
5.8GHz
 brand new ISM band
 low transmit power allowed

Industrial Wireless Usage
 Users have more options
802.15.4 Based
Frequency: 2.4GHz
Speed: 250kbps
Range: <30m
for wireless technology
Proprietary
Frequency: 900MHz/2.4GHz and product features than
Speed: Varies, <1Mbps
Range: Varies, <20km ever before
Licensed
Frequency: 100-400MHz
Speed: Varies, <19.2kbps
Range: +20km  ”Which one for what
GSM/GPRS
Frequency: purpose?”
850/900/1800/1900MHz
Speed: 250kbps
Range: <30m

Bluetooth
Frequency: 2.4GHz
Speed: 1Mbps
Range: <100m

WiFi (802.11a/b/g)
Frequency: 2.4/5GHz
Speed: 54Mbps
Range: 100m
Enterprise

Analog
Digital
Ethernet
Network
Ethernet

SCADA

Serial
Network

Data

I/O


Wireless Fundamentals
This is faster? ….. but is it better?


Wireless Fundamentals:

…. this may be (better)?
Faster ..Yes !


The Energy per Bit Equation
TX Power
Eb =
Baud Rate
We can “conceptually” show how E/Bit affects how far different
radios will “go” in an industrial setting.
1 Watt TX 1 Watt TX
9600bps
> 115kbps

d

d
Typical Spread Spectrum I/O radio compared to a
higher speed SCADA radio with same transmit power

ISM License Free Spread Spectrum
Rules
Manufacturer gets FCC approval – not you!
FCC Rules for Part 15.247
Doesn’t cause interference
Live and function with interference
Part 15 gets recognition by FCC
Operates in 900, 2400, 5800 MHz bands
Military technology applied to industrial,
commercial, and consumer application

What is Spread Spectrum
A method of transmitting a signal by "spreading" it
over a broad range of frequencies much wider then
the minimum bandwidth needed to transmit

Benefits
Reduces power needed to transmit information
Increases transmit speed
Can allow multiple networks to exits
Reduces the effect of interference


Remember, Spread Spectrum radios come in “two flavors.”
• Uses wide RF band
DSSS • Typically moves many bits per second
Direct Sequence (802.11 WLAN Ethernet radios move many
Spread Spectrum bits per second)

• Uses narrow RF band
FHSS • Typically moves fewer bits per second
Frequency Hopping (Wireless Interface devices moving small
Spread Spectrum packets of I/O data move very few bits
per second)

How do these characteristics affect Energy per
Bit and distance?


Industrial/Scientific/Medical (ISM) Radio
Bands – License Free

• License Free (FCC part 15)
• 1 watt power max
• 900MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz bands

..but ISM demands the use of one of the
Spread Spectrum Technologies
• Direct Sequence
• Frequency Hopping
• OFDM

Direct Sequencing Spread
Spectrum - DSSS

BANDWIDTH

DIRECT
SEQUENCE
RF
BACKGROUND
POWER
NOISE

FREQUENCY


The Direct Sequencing - Physics
of Spread and De-spreading Data

Signal Strength

Signal Strength
Frequency

DATA DATA
Data Bit
SPREAD DE-SPREAD
DATA DATA
Same
Code Word DS Code DS Code
15, 63 or 127 “chips” long

Transmitter Receiver

The Direct Sequence & Interference
1 Watt

Interference

Transmit
Power
(Watts)

1 Watt of power “spread”
across wide bandwidth

0 Watt
902MHz 928MHz
Bandwidth (MHz)


FHSS Wireless I/O
Proprietary Wireless
 Inherently Secure
 Only known by the manufacture

 Designed for specific applications
 I/O to I/O communication
– Long distance (1,000’s of feet to miles)
 Serial Data (RS-232/422/485)
– Long distance (1,000’s of feet to miles)

 A number of Mfgs incorporate proprietary FHSS technology:
 900MHz, Bluetooth, 802.11, 802,15, etc. frequencies


Spread Spectrum
Frequency Hopping
Frequency Hopping
Concentrates power in Hopping in pseudo
very narrow signal random pattern. The
random pattern can be
Hopping in random 100 times/sec
pattern 100 times/sec

BANDWIDTH
FREQUENCY
HOPPING
WAVE

DIRECT
SEQUENCE RF
POWER
BACKGROUND
NOISE

FREQUENCY

Frequency Hopping & Interference
Interference may knock an update down, but other transmissions will
get through.

902MHz 928 MHz


928 MHz

Spread Spectrum
Frequency Hopping vs. Direct Sequence
Frequency Hopping Direct Sequence
Concentrates power in “Slices” transmission
very narrow signal into small coded bits
Hopping in random Utilizes wider signal
pattern 100 times/sec own application advantages.
Each has it’s channel

Is the need for transmitting large Data or IP
BANDWIDTH
Packets ? ….or simple serial and I/O signal ?
FREQUENCY
HOPPING
WAVE

DIRECT
SEQUENCE RF
POWER
BACKGROUND
NOISE

FREQUENCY

Wireless: Performance Vs Distance
- How far will it go?


- A wireless network is only as
good as its weakest link !


How far will industrial wireless devices go?

Performance Zone
- Path engineering required
- Wireless conduits up to 20+
Received Signal Strength

Common Sense Zone

miles
Performance Zone
Common Sense Zone
No Worry Zone

- Success with experience
- Wireless conduits up to 1/2
mile
No Worry Zone
Receiver - The “Electrician’s Territory”
Threshold - Wireless conduits up to
1000 feet
This is where it just works,
every time, out of the box!


Public and Proprietary Systems
 Public Standard- A governing body exists to create/certify a specification to
guarantee interoperability between manufacturer’s devices
 Radio “language” is known
 Equipment is readily available
 Encryption is the only protection
 Examples: 802.11, Bluetooth, Zigbee

 Proprietary System- The manufacturer controls the design so that the
product will only work with other devices from that manufacturer
 Non public air interface
 Equipment available to “insiders”
 Un-known technology is a significant barrier
 Encryption helps
 Examples: Phoenix RAD-ISM-900


Public Systems

Public systems can talk to
similar devices from the same
manufacture

Interoperability

and can talk to other
manufactures devices

Public and Proprietary Systems
 Public Standard- A governing body exists to create/certify a specification to
guarantee interoperability between manufacturer’s devices
 Radio “language” is known
 Equipment is readily available
 Encryption is the only protection
 Examples: 802.11, Bluetooth, Zigbee

 Proprietary System- The manufacturer controls the design so that the
product will only work with other devices from that manufacturer
 Non public air interface
 Equipment available to “insiders”
 Un-known technology is a significant barrier
 Encryption helps
 Examples: Phoenix RAD-ISM-900


Proprietary Systems Other manufactures
products will not work with
other proprietary systems

RS232

RS485

DATA (w/ I/O)


“TRADITIONAL” NETWORK STRUCTURE
• Theproprietary radios
can co-exist with other
radios in a concentrated
area
• Hop sequences are
different in every radio
group
• Network ID, Security
ID, RF band keep
networks separated


CELLULAR NETWORK STRUCTURE

• Radios that operate on
a standard (like
Bluetooth) will use the
same hop patterns
• Each network must be
physically separated
• Network ID, Security
ID, RF Power keep
networks separated


900 MHz Unlicensed Radio Types:
Unidirectional & I/O

 902 – 928 MHz FHSS &
DSSS
 1 Watt transmitter
 Transmits:
– 1 analog (4-20mA)
– 2 digital (5-30VDC)
 Factory matched pairs
(transmitter/receiver)-No
Programming!
 600-1,000ft range out of the
box
 Point to point or signal
splitting configurations

900 MHz Unlicensed Radio Types:
Bidirectional & with I/O
 902 – 928 MHz FHSS & DSSS
 1 Watt transmitter
 Transmits (both directions):
– 1 analog (4-20mA)
– 2 digital (5-30VDC)
 Factory matched pairs
(transceivers) or custom
configuration options for point to
multipoint applications-No
Programming!
 Expandable I/O digital and analog
modules and special function
modules
 600-1,000ft range out of the box

900 MHz Unlicensed Radio Types
RS232/422/485 Serial Data and I/O
 902 – 928 MHz FHSS & DSSS
 1 Watt transmitter Transmits RS232/422/485
Data
– 1 DB9 connection
– 4-pos. screw connector
 Connect Expansion I/O Modules
– Becomes simple wireless remote I/O
– I/O points are addressable via Modbus
RTU or Allen-Bradley DF1
 All in one Master, Slave, Store-and-Forward
Repeater
 Simple Programming using GUI or Dipswitches
 Programmable Sleep Mode for Solar
Installations

UHF Radio Types:
400MHz & 900 MHz etc, etc
 0.1-5W adjustable transmitter power
 Transmits RS232 Data
– 2x DB9 connection
– 2 independent serial channels allow
multiple device/protocols to be
connected to 1 radio
 All in one Master, Slave, Store-and-
Forward Repeater
 9600 and 19200bps (12.5kHz FCC)
over-the-air rate
 128-bit AES encryption
 Simplex and half duplex modes
 Simple Programming using GUI
 Separate port for programming/
diagnostics


Wireless Ethernet (WLAN)
Technology
 Public standard
 Multiple manufactures devices can be used together

 Secure
 Provided proper encryption is used (WPA2/802.11i)

 Medium distance
 100’s to 1000’s (+) feet

 Very high speed
 Ethernet type speeds up to 54Mbps


When to use WLAN Technology
 WLAN
 Does the application require high speed data access?
– WLAN technology offers speeds up to 54Mbps which is ideal for
applications like uploading and downloading PLC programs, data
acquisition, or video surveillance.
 Is connection to an existing 802.11/Wi-Fi network available?
– WLAN technology is public standard meaning that multiple
manufactures devices can communicate on the same wireless
network. This means that an existing Cisco wireless infrastructure
could be utilized for connection to plant floor devices.
 Is IT concerned about security?
– WLAN technology from Phoenix Contact uses the latest security
standards that most IT departments require such as AES encryption
over the air and 802.1x network authentication. Together this will work
with most existing IT infrastructure.


Encryption Overview

WEP - Weak key can be hacked
Poor or cracked with little to no network
security knowledge

WPA - Based on the same encryption as
Good WEP with added features like authentication.
Can be hacked although it takes more time and
a higher knowledge of network security

WPA2 / AES - Currently the highest
Best level of security available and is considered
un-hackable by today's standards.


Ethernet Vs SCADA Ethernet
 Ethernet (infrastructure)
 Many nodes
 Fast speeds
 Large packets
 Sorter distances

 SCADA Ethernet
 Many nodes
 Slower speeds
 Very small packets
 Very large distances


Wireless Ethernet
Applications
 Plant Networking
 Mobile Networking
 Access Security Control


Cellular
GSM/GPRS
 Security
 Advanced Encryption used over the air
 VPN can be used to security data over the internet

 Speed
 Up to 14.4Kbps (GSM)
 Up to 85.6Kbps (GPRS)

 World wide access

 Requires SIM card for operation
 Monthly service charge applies


Cellular Industrial Radios:
GSM/GPRS Quad Band Modem
(850/900/1800/1900MHz)
 Transmits RS232 Data
– 1 DB9 connection
 2 Digital Inputs (10-30VDC)
– Triggers modem to dial pre-stored numbers
– Send Fax or SMS
 1 Digital Output (Transistor)
– Trigger via SMS, local AT command or
paired modem Digital Input
– Reset equipment, alarm
 Integrated TCP/IP stack for GPRS
networks
 Simple Programming using GUI or AT
Commands
 Wide range power supply 10-30VDC
 Pre-installed SIM Card ready for service
activation
– USA version
– Canadian version

GSM/GPRS
GSM – Global System for Mobile Communications

 GSM (Voice Network)
 Talk to any device connected to the PSTN
SMS
 SMS
 FAX
 Email
E-Mail
 Etc. PSTN

) )) ) FAX

Output
* PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network


GSM Communications
 GSM utilizes the voice network for communications. In the United
States the carriers (AT&T, Verison, Sprint, etc.) do not want you to use
this network for data communications. Therefore, it has little use for
SCADA and telemetry applications.
 One exception is SMS (Text Messaging). SMS uses the GSM network
and is a effective way to communicate alarm states from various sites.

Alarm Condition
Water Tower/
Pump House

Alarm
Alarm
Control Contact


What else do you need
 Add Antenna’s?
 Add Surge protection?
 Add Connections and cabling?
 Add PSU/UPS?
 Add Enclosure?

 Helpful Resources
 Tech Service
 Catalogs & manuals
 Online tools
– Antenna selector guide
– Wireless Configurator


Antennas
Omni Semi-Parabolic Panel
Parabolic

Patch

Yagi


Understanding Antennas
 Antenna “gain” is not amplification of the RF signal, it is a
measure of the focus of the signal

 High gain antennas focus the RF signal more than low
gain antennas

 Different types of antennas focus the RF energy in
different ways

 Proper installation is crucial: Connections and mounting
must be secure

 Rule of thumb: The further the distance, the higher the
antenna must be

Omni-Directional Antennas:
Basic Principles  Omni-directional antennas radiate RF
energy in all directions (but not equally)

 The typical radiation pattern resembles
a donut centered around the antenna

 They can be vertically polarized or
horizontally polarized

 Polarization can control the direction the
“donut” goes

 Antenna datasheets have diagrams of
Vertical
the radiation pattern
Top View

Horizontal


Omni-Directional Antennas:
Basic Principles
 As the gain of an omni increases,
typically the height of the donut
decreases, and the diameter
increases, allowing the RF to radiate
further.

Example 0dB Omni

Example 3dB Omni

63 | Presentation | Ira Sharp | 20 April 2010 Example 5dB Omni

Best Practice: Point to Multipoint Application
N

S


Omni-Directional Antennas: Application

Clear Line ofof Sight, No Link Link
Clear Line Sight, Excellent


Yagi-Directional Antennas:
Basic Principles  Yagi-directional antennas radiate RF
energy in a specific direction

 The typical radiation pattern resembles
the beam of a flashlight

Vertical  They can be vertically polarized or
horizontally polarized

 Polarization can provide separation of
two RF signals

 Antenna datasheets have diagrams of
Horizontal the radiation pattern


Yagi-Directional Antennas: Basic Principles
 As the gain of a yagi increases, the
beam width decreases and the
signal becomes more focused to
radiate further

Example 3dB Yagi

Example 6dB Yagi

Example 9dB Yagi

Yagi-Directional Antennas: Application

No Line of Sight, No Link

Partial Line of Sight, Poor Link

69 | Presentation | Ira Sharp | 20 April 2010 Full Line of Sight, Excellent Link

Yagi-Directional Antennas: Application

No Line of Sight, Good Link

No Line of Sight, Excellent Link

What else do you need?

A reliable, consistent
power: A reliable,
consistent power source

? Solar Power “Generators
• Cost savings vs. power
company
• Designed for any location
• Application Approvals


Selection Matrix

PHOENIX CONTACT SOLAR INSOLATION ZONE
SIS A B C D E
SOLAR INTERFACE SYSTEMS SYSTEM PRODUCTION IN AMPHOURS/DAY
12 VOLT
SYSTEMS SIS-12/40 9.7 7.7 5.8 3.8 1.9

SIS-24/20 2.4 1.9 1.5 0.7 0.5
24 VOLT
SYSTEMS **SIS-24/40 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
SIS-24/80 9.7 7.7 5.8 3.8 1.9
**Note: The 24volt, 40W systems have been reduced by 20% due to the ineffiecencies of the voltage
convertor.

ZONE A = 5+ kWh/D, ZONE B = 4 kWh/D
ZONE C = 3 kWh/D, ZONE D = 2 kWh/D
ZONE E = 1 kWh/D


Determining Antenna Alignment
 It is important to study
your environment before
installing a wireless
system over a large
distance.

 Determine the distance
between sites using hand
tools & Topo maps etc.

A range finder can help
determine shorter
distances out 1500+ yds

 A GPS can provide the
North and West
coordinates as well
elevation, even compass
readings


Understanding Antennas:
The Importance of Aiming / Alignment
•Moving an antenna just a
few degrees can have a
huge impact on signal
strength, especially over
long distances


This 1 mile 900MHz The Signal
FHS failed. …. Not a could not get
good practice through the
installation forest of
leaves

This client also
violated FCC
rules; exceeding
the 6 dB signal
gain limit for this
unlicensed
75 | Presentation | Ira Sharp | 20 April 2010 frequency band

Antennas
?.. Possibly a Well
Field SCADA Site, …
a wireless long
range network

Here a YAGI is aimed into an
OMNI RF pattern.

For long range linking typical
setups use an OMNI at the
Master, YAGIs at the slaves, -
multipoint to point


Stealth Antenna Masts

Determining Antenna Alignment
Height - Must
increase with
Range:

22 feet for 1
mile
51 feet for 5
miles
88 feet for 15
miles


How far will it go ???
Ethernet RAD 802.11 13 mile link


The Importance of Aiming
 Proximity to Other Antennas –
There has to be separation from
other antennas
 For 900MHz a 6 feet vertically or
10 feet Horizontal is the norm

 Keep out of radiation path
of other antennas

 Reading RF strength, data
transfer rates etc. at the
radio is also an effective aid
for positioning and aiming
antennas


Antenna Mounting

Use proper mounting
hardware
Place away from
obstructions such as
buildings, metal objects
and dense foliage
Align polarization (vertical
most common)
Cross-polarization can
cause signal loss of 20 dB
or more


Feed Line Loss Chart
900 MHz Radio Systems (per 100 ft)

Attenuation Choice of feed line depends on:
Cable Type
(dB)
length required to reach antenna
RG-58 16
amount of signal loss tolerable
LMR-195 11.1
cost considerations
RG-142 9.2

RG-213 7.6
Using the wrong cable can reduce efficiency
Longer distance = low-loss cable
LMR-240 7.6 recommended
LMR-400 3.9 Shorter distance = less efficient cable is
acceptable
LMR-600 2.5


A Trusted System has quality components
and quality terminations
Your system will
perform only as
good as it’s
weakest link.
Here the
contractor
chose to cut and
trace this coax
through an
under sized
conduit.
His field
termination
failed at the
antenna

The Importance for Surge Protection
& grounding / bonding
A best practice discussion

PTZ camera


The importance for grounding & surge
protection best practices

RT
U


Applications
Different applications have different requirements
 Things to consider
 How far does the signal need to go?
– Feet, Miles, Country, World

 What is the density of the nodes?
– Remote, Dense

 What update times are required?
– Days, Hours, Minuets, Seconds, Milliseconds

 What type of data will be communicated?
– I/O, Serial, Kbps, Mbps, Gbps

 Is power available?
– Hardwired, Battery, Solar


Path Study
Process

Path Software Studies


Site Selection

Protect the radio from harsh
exposure
Provide a source of adequate
& stable power
Contain suitable entrances for
antenna and required cabling
Select Antenna locations that
provides an unobstructed
transmission path in the
direction of the associated
remote(s)


900MHz Wireless Serial/IO
Applications
 Eliminate Sensor Wire (Wire-In, Wire-Out)
 Monitoring and Controlling Simple IO
 PLC to PLC IO communications

Need Tank levels and Control Station
Pump control


Wireless IO Scenarios
Long Distance Wireless IO
Analog (Out) 3 Miles Analog (In)
Higher transmission power

Wireless IO through
walls and obstructions


Application
 Wireless I/O (Long Distance)
 Application
– An analog signal needs to be
collected from a remote
pumping station. Which reports
the level of the water tank.

 Problem
– Laying cable and conduit is
simply to costly. The distance
was 5200’ and cable must be
run under two roads.


Application
 Long distance communications at 5200 feet
 Wire in/ Wire out need

5200ft
Analog (Out) Higher transmission power Analog (In)


Application
 Wireless I/O (Short Distance)
 Application
– Collect data from various
sensors located on machinery
that will be used for predictive
maintenance.

 Problem
– There is no easy way to wire
sensors located on the
machinery back to a PLC to be
monitored. There are many
obstructions and this is a high
noise environment that does not
lend well to parallel wiring.


Application
Proprietary Wireless Solution
 Make a wired sensor, wireless
 Wire in/ Wire out technology can make this happen today
 Radios must be wired for power or solar powered



Application
WSN Solution
 Wired sensors can still be made wireless
 The WSN radios will “Mesh” in small clusters
 WSN radios are battery powered. No hard wiring needed.
 WSN is made for short distances a Long Hall radio will be needed

WSN to
Long Hall WSN


Application
 Serial
 Application
– Tank levels must be monitored
from a verity of tanks. This
information must be collected by
a PLC.

 Problem
– The tanks are spread over a
vary large area and it is simply
to costly to run cable and
conduit to each location.


Application
 I/O is collected at each tank, reported to the radio, Then
sent too the master PLC.
 This can be more reliable then wired connections as there is
no worry that a trenched cable will become damaged over
time.



Application
 Ethernet
 Application
– An existing security system has
become antiquated. This
system needs updated and new
cameras must be installed.

 Problem
– The locations where new
cameras must be installed are
to difficult or expensive to wire
for connection.


Application
 Ethernet Cameras or Analog cameras processed with a
video server can be connected to the Ethernet Radios
 The video will be streamed to the master radio and can be
archived or viewed at the master station

High Speed Transmission


Application
 Serial and IO
 Application
– The contents of trucks
transporting various materials
needs to be monitored for
temperature, quantity, and
location for quality purposes.

 Problem
– The trucks transport these
materials around the United
States and Canada. Currently a
PLC is used to monitor
temperature and quantity of the
material although this data can
only be downloaded when the
truck is parked at its destination.


GSM/GPRS
GSM – Global System for Mobile Communications

 GSM (Voice Network)
 Talk to any device connected to the PSTN
SMS
 SMS
 FAX
 Email
E-Mail
 Etc. PSTN

) )) ) FAX

Output
* PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network


Application
GSM/GPRS
 Data-loggers or PLCs are used to collect and archive data
 GSM/GPRS modem will provide international access to the
cellular network. This allows for monitoring of the truck and
its contents.

Internet GPS
GPRS

GPS


Success stories
San Antonio Wastewater System
 Application
 The San Antonio wastewater treatment plant
needed visual alarm beacons and audible hours
to warn of hazardous conditions

 Wireless Solution
 Trusted Wireless I/O Radios were used as a
wireless conduit for triggering remote indicators
and alarms.

 ROI
 SAWS quickly and easily implemented an alarm
system that notifies their employees of potentially
hazardous conditions. By using Trusted Wireless
I/O, the company avoided the high costs of
installing wire and conduit.


Success stories
San Antonio Water System
 Application
 San Antonio Water System measures water usage
and flow to customers. Their old SCADA system used
expensive, unreliable leased-line phone subscription.

 Wireless Solution
 The leased-line phone system was replaced with
Trusted Wireless Data Radios. This Trusted Wireless
network provides real-time stream usage and flow
measurements from each of the customer sites.

 ROI
 SAWS calculated a two-year payback in lease-line
cost with the purchase of the Trusted Wireless Data
Radio network. In addition, SAWS gained savings
through increased reliability, and by eliminating site
visits to manually record data when the leased-lines
where in repair


900 MHz Ethernet Applications
 Remote tank monitoring (Water anything, Chemical)
 SCADA (process, water towers, sewage)
 Security and surveillance (non-Streaming)
 Utilities (Water/Waste water, etc, etc)
 Municipalities


Wireless Ethernet Scenario

Wireless Data and IO access

IO to MODBUS RTU Registers

Remote PLC access for
Polling and programming

Remote PLC access for
Polling and programming


WLAN Scenario
High Speed
Wireless Data and IO access

High Speed Transmission


And now….
•Very Long distances - international.
•Mobile applications
Cellular
•Challenging RF environments
GSM/GPRS Technology
•Ease/speed of implementation
•Polled Data and event signaling for
process applications. Telemetry for
SCADA.
•Serial data radio


Wireless Ethernet
Applications
 Plant Networking
 Mobile Networking
 Access Security Control


Monitoring and Control
Point to Point Trusted Wireless ™ I/O
 Typical Applications
 Monitoring and controlling
Tanks and Wells
 Monitoring and controlling
Pumping Stations

Need Tank levels and Control Station
Pump control


Trusted Wireless Data
 Typical Applications
 Tank Monitoring
 Irrigation Systems
 Pipe Line Monitoring


Q & A


Welcome to PHOENIX CONTACT

Thank You

Stewart Wilson
Project Engineer
Central Region
815-274-5049

Industrial Wireless Communication

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