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Various methods of field data
collection and spatial analysis

Alex Melnitchouck, Ph.D.
IntelMax Corp.
Calgary, AB, Canada
www.Zoner.Ag
What do these fields have
in common?

The Netherlands

Germany

Alberta, Canada

Indiana, USA

Ukraine

France
www.Zoner.Ag
Is this field variable?

www.Zoner.Ag
Is this field variable? (2)

www.Zoner.Ag
Grid soil sampling
Soil maps are used for calculation of fertilizer rates

Yield goal is determined as an average for the whole field

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www.Zoner.Ag
EC mapping
…not necessarily “Veris” mapping;
Method is based on the relationship between soil EC and
concentration of anions and cations in soil as well as soil
moisture.
It is effective in the regions
where high or low pH and salinity
are main yield limiting factors.

www.Zoner.Ag
Optical sensors
Popular in the areas, where most of nitrogen is top-dressed (corn,
winter wheat etc.);
Can be used for top-dressing, targeted application of pesticides ,
soil mapping etc.

www.Zoner.Ag
Yield data
The concept is based on variability of yield potential across the
field;
Field is divided into several zones with various yield potential;
For each zone, certain fertilizer rate
is planned depending on soil fertility
and yield goals

www.Zoner.Ag
What is yield?
• Varieties/Hybrids
• Crop rotation
• Tillage
• Agronomy
• Fertilizer
• Crop protection
• Machinery
etc.

• Soil OM
• N, P, K, S
• H2O
• Ca
• Mg
• Micronutrients
• pH
• GDD
• Slope
• Wind speed & direction
• PAR
…>140 factors

www.Zoner.Ag
Yield range
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Yield range:
144.1/28.4*100%=

= 507.4%
Y ie ld, b u /a c re
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5 .0 3 2 - 4 2 . 5 4 1
4 2 .5 4 1 - 7 0 .2 2 4
7 0 .2 2 4 - 9 3 .7 5 1
9 3 .7 5 1 - 1 2 1 .9 8 7
1 2 1 . 9 8 7 - 1 9 9 .8 0 5

www.Zoner.Ag
Efficiency of remote sensing

300 km
Similar to yield monitoring,
but way more efficient.
www.Zoner.Ag
Zoner.Ag
•
•
•
•
•
•

Automated analysis of satellite imagery for 30 years;
Integration with yield data, elevation, soil EC and other layers;
Delineation of zones and creation of Rx files;
Integrated with global weather data and forecast of diseases;
Land and field productivity assessment;
Web-based.

www.Zoner.Ag
We need multi-year data
Year #1

Year #…

Year #…

Year #N

Fertilizer
recommendations
Soil analysis
for each zone

www.Zoner.Ag
Fertilize crop, not soil!
Yield is determined by 100+ factors
Rich soil,
High-yielding

Sandy soil
High-yielding

www.Zoner.Ag
Integrated layers
• Vegetation Index
• Surface curvature
Clustering
• Soil EC
• Slope
• Aspect

…does it help to manage field better?
www.Zoner.Ag
Delineation of zones

≠
Surface curvature

≠
Yield potential

Cluster zones

Regression Summary for Dependent Variable: Yield
R= .21481658 R²= .04614616 Adjusted R²= .04513639
F(8,7557)=45.700 p<0.0000
www.Zoner.Ag
Step-by-step interpretation

Field boundary

Elevation

Soil EC

Precision zones

Soil sampling map

Yield map
Acknowledgements:
- Matt Gosling – Premium Ag Services
- Doug Mackay – Cervus Corp.
- Consultants from Agri-Trend (Canada)

THANK YOU!
www.Zoner.Ag

Email: Agintelmax@gmail.com
Tel.: +1-403-970-0898
www.Zoner.Ag

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Various methods of field data collection and spatial analysis

  • 1. Various methods of field data collection and spatial analysis Alex Melnitchouck, Ph.D. IntelMax Corp. Calgary, AB, Canada www.Zoner.Ag
  • 2. What do these fields have in common? The Netherlands Germany Alberta, Canada Indiana, USA Ukraine France www.Zoner.Ag
  • 3. Is this field variable? www.Zoner.Ag
  • 4. Is this field variable? (2) www.Zoner.Ag
  • 5. Grid soil sampling Soil maps are used for calculation of fertilizer rates Yield goal is determined as an average for the whole field # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # www.Zoner.Ag
  • 6. EC mapping …not necessarily “Veris” mapping; Method is based on the relationship between soil EC and concentration of anions and cations in soil as well as soil moisture. It is effective in the regions where high or low pH and salinity are main yield limiting factors. www.Zoner.Ag
  • 7. Optical sensors Popular in the areas, where most of nitrogen is top-dressed (corn, winter wheat etc.); Can be used for top-dressing, targeted application of pesticides , soil mapping etc. www.Zoner.Ag
  • 8. Yield data The concept is based on variability of yield potential across the field; Field is divided into several zones with various yield potential; For each zone, certain fertilizer rate is planned depending on soil fertility and yield goals www.Zoner.Ag
  • 9. What is yield? • Varieties/Hybrids • Crop rotation • Tillage • Agronomy • Fertilizer • Crop protection • Machinery etc. • Soil OM • N, P, K, S • H2O • Ca • Mg • Micronutrients • pH • GDD • Slope • Wind speed & direction • PAR …>140 factors www.Zoner.Ag
  • 10. Yield range # ############## # ## ########### ## # ########## ############ ## ## # # # # # # ### ## # # # ## # ######## ## ## ###### ### ##### ### ### # ### #### # ## # #### ## # ### # ## # #### ## ## ## #### ########## ### # # ## ## # ### ### ###### ######### #### ### # # # # # ###### # # #### # ### ## # ## # ## ## ## ## ## ### ## ## ### # ## ###### ###### ## ## ########## #### # ### # ## #### ############ # ## ##### ######### #### # ### # # #### ## # ## # ## ### ###### ## # # # ##### # ### # ## ## # ### ######### # ### ## ### # # # ## ## # # # ## ## ##### ## # # ### ######### # # ## #### ## # # # ## # # # # ## # # # ## # ##### #### ## ## # ## # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # ## ### ## # ## ## ## # ##### ## # # #### # # # # # # # # # # ## #### ### # ## # # # # ## ### # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # ## # # # # ### ### # # # # # # # ### # # # #### # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # #### # # # # # # # #### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## # # # # ## ## # # ## # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### ### # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # ## # ## #### # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # # # # ### ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # ### # ## ### # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # #### # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ## # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # ## # # ## ### ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## ## ## ### # ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ########## ### # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # ## ######## # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ###### # # # ######## # # # # # # # # # # # # #### ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #### # ### # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #### # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # ## # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ### # # # ## # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ## # # ## # # # # # # ## ## # ### # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ### ## # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ### ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ### ## ## # # # # ## # # # ## # # # # # # # # # ## # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ### ### ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # ## # # ### ### ### ### # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## #### ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ######## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # ## # # ## # # # # # # ## # ### # # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ### ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ###### # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ## # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ######## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ####### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### ##### ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### ### # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ############# ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ### ##### ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ### ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ### # # # # # # ## # ## # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # ### ## # # # # # ## # ## # ## # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # ## # # # # ## # ## # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # ## ## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## #### # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # ## ### ### ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ### ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ### # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # ## ## ### # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # ########### # ## ## ### ## # # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # # ## # # # # # # ## ########## ### # # # # # # # # ## ## # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # ## ## ## # # # # # # ## # # # # ##### ## ###### ## # # # # ## ## ## # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # ### # # ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # ## # ## ## ## # #### ############## ## ## ## ### # # ######## # # ## # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # ## # # ## # # # # # ## ## # # # # # #### # # # # # # #### ## ## # # # # # ## # # # # # # ### ### # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # ### # # # # # # # # # # ##### # # # # # # # # # ###### ## # # # # # # # # ## # # # ## # # # # ### ## # # ####### # # # ## ####### # # Yield range: 144.1/28.4*100%= = 507.4% Y ie ld, b u /a c re # # # # # 5 .0 3 2 - 4 2 . 5 4 1 4 2 .5 4 1 - 7 0 .2 2 4 7 0 .2 2 4 - 9 3 .7 5 1 9 3 .7 5 1 - 1 2 1 .9 8 7 1 2 1 . 9 8 7 - 1 9 9 .8 0 5 www.Zoner.Ag
  • 11. Efficiency of remote sensing 300 km Similar to yield monitoring, but way more efficient. www.Zoner.Ag
  • 12. Zoner.Ag • • • • • • Automated analysis of satellite imagery for 30 years; Integration with yield data, elevation, soil EC and other layers; Delineation of zones and creation of Rx files; Integrated with global weather data and forecast of diseases; Land and field productivity assessment; Web-based. www.Zoner.Ag
  • 13. We need multi-year data Year #1 Year #… Year #… Year #N Fertilizer recommendations Soil analysis for each zone www.Zoner.Ag
  • 14. Fertilize crop, not soil! Yield is determined by 100+ factors Rich soil, High-yielding Sandy soil High-yielding www.Zoner.Ag
  • 15. Integrated layers • Vegetation Index • Surface curvature Clustering • Soil EC • Slope • Aspect …does it help to manage field better? www.Zoner.Ag
  • 16. Delineation of zones ≠ Surface curvature ≠ Yield potential Cluster zones Regression Summary for Dependent Variable: Yield R= .21481658 R²= .04614616 Adjusted R²= .04513639 F(8,7557)=45.700 p<0.0000 www.Zoner.Ag
  • 17. Step-by-step interpretation Field boundary Elevation Soil EC Precision zones Soil sampling map Yield map
  • 18. Acknowledgements: - Matt Gosling – Premium Ag Services - Doug Mackay – Cervus Corp. - Consultants from Agri-Trend (Canada) THANK YOU! www.Zoner.Ag Email: Agintelmax@gmail.com Tel.: +1-403-970-0898 www.Zoner.Ag