Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Demonstrating, regulating and celebrating community forestry REDD in Cambodia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
1. Demonstrating, Regulating and Celebrating Community Forestry REDD in Cambodia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea Dr. D. Andrew Wardell Taking stock of smallholder and community forestry Where do we go from here? CIFOR/CIRAD/IRD, Montpellier 24-26 March 2010 Norad grant GLO 4244, INS 09/010/Rockefeller Foundation grant 2009 COR 202
The Cambodia Daily , 7 December 2006 W orld Development Vol. 34 No. 11, November 2006 Special issue Rescaling Governance and the Impacts of Political and Environmental Decentralization Murdiyarso, D. and Skutsch, M. (eds.) , 2006. Community Forest Management as a Carbon Mitigation Option Case Studies; Luttrell, C., Schreckenberg, K., and Peskett, L., 2007. ‘The implications of Carbon Financing for Pro-Poor Community Forestry’ ODI FPEP Forestry Briefing 14, December 2007. ODI, London. Peskett, L. and Harkin, Z., 2007. ‘Risk and Responsibility in Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation’. ODI FPEP Forestry Briefing 15, December 2007. ODI, London. Peskett, L., Huberman, D, Bowen-Jones, E., Edwards, G. And Brown, J., 2008. ‘Making REDD Work for the Poor.’ Poverty Environment Partnership. ODI, London.
Decentralization has come in waves Mamdani’s “decentralized despotism” Practices of assemblage and community forest management Law is not implemented or enacted unscathed by everyday negotiations, or more dramatic circumvention, by manipulation, or outright non- observance. Untying rights of access and use of resources from the territorial claims of the state. The rents of non-enforcement
Forest carbon credits are only generated (and paid for) after project activities have occurred, and it has been demonstrated (and independently verified through actual measurements) that deforestation decreased Estimates of emissions reductions in the Project Document are intended for planning purposes only
Philippe Le Billon, 2000 Learning and Innovation Loan – 6m ha under forest concessions, mostly foreign-owned. NGO Forum, Request for Inspection, 21 January 2005; Notice of Registration, 04 February 2005 World Bank, Inspection Panel Report No. 35556, 30 March 2006 Amended Law on Elections of Commune Councils, June 2006 Global Witness ‘Not seeing the wood for the land’ The Cambodian Organic Law defines the administrative management of the capital, provinces, municipalities, districts and Khans. The capital, provinces, municipalities, districts and Khans shall be governed in accordance with the principles of unified administration in order to establish, promote and sustain democratic development through the policy of decentralization and de-concentration. Khmer Rouge Tribunal, First substantial hearings, 30 March 2009. FA divorced from D & D reforms
CF Agreements and attendant management plans are approved by MAFF/FA. Additional 253 CF sites being processed by MAFF Speech by H.E. Ty Sokhun during the community forestry signing ceremony, Kampong Thom Province, 27 March 2009
Oddar Meanchey – FA, CFI/Pact, CDA, TGC, and CCI Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area – FA and WCS
Anlong Veng - NGO Forum Request for Inspection, January 2005 Sub Decree on provincial ELCs revoked and other ELCs cancelled, and in one case converted to a proposed CF site. Silenced histories – negotiation between FA and an international broker
Anlong Veng - NGO Forum Request for Inspection, January 2005
Poffenberger, Peluso, Rich Forests, Poor People Ribot, J.C., Agrawal, A. and Larson, A.M., 2006. Recentralizing while Decentralizing: How National Governments Reappropriate Forest Resources Manor Two Laws promulgated in 1998/1999 wrt D & D, and came into effect in 2000. The period 2000-2005 witnessed some of the highest rates of deforestation in recent history as Bupatis exercised new powers to issue 100 ha logging licenses. DG Forest Production Development; BPKH; BKSDA etc
Village Forestry ( Hutan Desa ) Community Forestry ( Hutan Kemasyarakatan , HKM) Peoples’ Plantation Forests ( Hutan Tanaman Rakya , HKR) Partnerships between communities and concessionaires ( Kemitraan ) Badan Pertanahan Nasional
Post-COP.13 fatigue? PP. 6, 2007 and PP. 3, 2008 P.68, 2008; SK.455, 2008; SK.21, 2009; P. 61, 2008 P. 30, 2009 (compliance); P. 36, 2009 (voluntary) P. 10; P.15 and P. 24 (January-February 2010) Revision of P. 30 and P. 36 into a single consolidated regulation in response to letter from Ministry of Finance, December 2009 Ministry of Forestry; National Council for Climate Change; Ministry of Environment; Bappenas; Ministry of Public Works
IUPHHK-RE Below ground carbon pool Learning by doing
5.2 million people 33 m hectares of forest (71% of total land area) Section 49 of the Forestry Act, 1992 and all subsequent amendments 1993, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2005 and 2007. Section 58 (b) sets out framework to define benefits due to, and participation by landowners/resource owners – PNGFA has developed Guidelines for Incorporated Landowners’ Groups 2008 National Forestry Development Guidelines Provincial Forest Plan; Provincial Forest Development Guidelines; Provincial Forest Management Committee – to be endorsed by the National Forest Board PNGFA, Manual on Land Group Incorporation, Feb. 1995: and PNGFA, Village Guide to Land Group Incorporation, March 1995
Shearman, P. et al , 2008. The State of the Forests of Papua New Guinea, 1972-2002 Biotropica PNGFA, Manual on Land Group Incorporation, Feb. 1995: and PNGFA, Village Guide to Land Group Incorporation, March 1995 5.2 million people Forest Trends, 2006. Logging, Legality and Livelihoods in Papua New Guinea: A Synthesis of Official Assessments of the Large-Scale Logging Industry Independent monitor, SGS
Race for the Rainforest “Can’t we have the logging first and the ICDP later?”. Section 49 of the Forestry Act, 1992
REDD first tabled by PNG and Costa Rica at COP.11 CRFN boasts 33 member states Recruitment of 70 staff based on advertisement placed in The Nation, September 2008 April Salome ?; Eastern Highlands Province – Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area; Western Province – Makama Forest Management Area; Village REDD idea (WCS) Office of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability later became the OCC and Carbon Trading Carbon prophets
16 December 2009
Dan Brockington Celebrity and the Environment Fame, Wealth and Power in Conservation Daniel Boorstin Image A guide to Pseudo Events in America (1961) republished 1992