Effectively monitoring deforestation is a crucial component for the success of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation). In this presentation, Willian Flores from UFAC Instituto de Mundancas Climaticas gives an overview of how state-wide monitoring is conducted in Acre, Brazil. Willian Flores gave this presentation on 8 March 2012 at a workshop organised by CIFOR, ‘Measurement, Reporting and Verification in Latin American REDD+ Projects’, held in Petropolis, Brazil. Credible baseline setting and accurate and transparent Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) of results are key conditions for successful REDD+ projects. The workshop aimed to explore important advances, challenges, pitfalls, and innovations in REDD+ methods — thereby moving towards overcoming barriers to meeting MRV requirements at REDD+ project sites in two of the Amazon’s most important REDD+ candidate countries, Peru and Brazil. For further information about the workshop, please contact Shijo Joseph via s.joseph (at) cgiar.org

2. Environmental Services
Understand
Valorize
- Database
Create asset
- Basic studies - Opportunity costs
- Integrated analyses - Market value -Structure systems
(national, sub-
- Zoning - Replacement costs
national, local)
- Ecosystem services
- Government
cooperation
- Private sector
Rural Producer Provider Beneficiary

3. Law 2.308 of November 11, 2010
Institutional Arrangement
Create State System of Incentives for Environmental Services – SISA,
Program of Incentives for Environmental Services – ISA Carbono and other
programs of environmental services and ecosystem products of Acre

4. An nested
approach
Projet A Projet B
ProjetC Projet n

5. Photo: Diego Gurgel
System of Nested Monitoring
National - National Climate Change Plan
- PPCD reduction targets - AM
- INPE Baseline – Resolution = 6.25 ha
- PPCD reduction targets - AC
State - UCEGEO database – Resolution = 0.54 ha
- Adjusted INPE database – Resolution =
0.64 ha
- Define project reduction targets
- Adjusted INPE database – Resolution =
Project 0.64 ha
- UCEGEO database – Resolution = 4 m2
(FORMOSAT)
- UCEGEO database – Resolution = 2,5 m
(SPOT 2012)
- Airbourne Laser – LiDar (pulses/m2)
- Aereal photography – Pixel 25 cm
- Field data

6. UCGEO: Monitoring of Deforestation
and Fire
Monitoring Evolution
Objective
- SEANP (Indigenous Lands and - Construction of series of historical
- Monitor alterations in land cover Conservation Units)
at medium and high resolutions, deforestation, regeneration, and fires
which allows for an analysis of - Settlement Projects (Traditional - Evaluation of different patterns within
small properties and Differentiated) the same use type
-Private Properties
-Other territorial areas

7. Metodology
Curve of Deforestation
Baseline (start) (End)
Georreferencing Matrix editing
Acquire Geocover Segmentation Accuracy analysis
imagery Field data
LANDSAT High resolution
(30M) imagery
INPE site Supervised and (FORMOSAT)
unsupervised digital
classification Final product
Treatment (SHP and Excel)
and
correction
Low energy spent
Medium energy spent
High energy spent

8. Monitoring: Deforestation
0,80
0,74
0,70 Média 90-00 0.32 0,66
Média 01-10 0.30
0,60
Média 06-10 0.15 0,54
Taxa de desmtamento anual (%)
0,50 0,44
0,38
0,40 0,36
0,33 0,33 0,33 0,33
0,29 0,29
0,30 0,26 0,27 0,26
0,23 0,24 0,22
0,24
0,20 0,15
0,14
0,11
0,09
0,10
0,00
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Anos
Source: INPE (2010)

9. - State;
- Regions;
- Municipalities;
- Land tenure (UCs,TIs, PAs, Private
properties);
- Watersheds;
- Areas of Permanent Presevation
- Phytophysionomy;
- Geomorphological units;
- Soils;
- Area size

10. Total carbon stock

11. Targets for reducing rate of
deforestation by 2020
• Baseline of PPCD-AC: based on historical data and reduction targets and integrated with
PPCDAM
• 2nd version of Baseline: future projection based on a scenario without governance. In first
validation phase, use PRODES data, ZEE database, and vectors of deforestation in Acre.

12. NEXT STEPS
• FOREST DEGRADATION,
• REGENERATION
• IMPROVED CARBON STOCK
ESTIMATES
• Partnership with Woods Hole Research Center to monitor land use with RADAR
• Partnership with EMBRAPA to elaborate forest biomass inventory (history of
forest degradation)
• Destructive forest inventories to elaborate allometric equations for Acre State
• Calibration of LIDAR, satellite images and forest inventories to estimate carbon
stocks
• Detailed soli mapping by municipalities
• Validation of jurisdictional baseline method
SOURCE: Gregory Asner, Carnegie Institute,
California.