3. Role play;
Drill: Repeat main line
◦ Change main line with new vocabulary
◦ Create and answer Yes/No questions based on
main line;
No grammar rule;
4. Students need to use language without
stopping to think;
Teachers are responsible for leading
students;
Dialogs are taught through repetition and
imitation;
5. Grammar and vocabulary are presented
through dialogs;
The interaction teacher-student is directed;
Each language has its unique system;
The language skills order are: listening,
speaking, reading and writing;
6. Pronunciation is taught since the beginning;
Students errors are avoided and teacher
draw their attention to their difficulties;
Students are guided to repeat as accurately
and quick as they can;
The teacher begins the chain drill and then
pass the turn to the students;
7. The teacher presents a sentence and then
encouraged students to substitute the terms;
Question-answer drill;
Minimal pairs are presented by the teachers,
contrasting to the students native language;
Students fills the blanks of the dialogs;
8. Caleb Gattegno
Shares certain principles with the Cognitive
Aproach:
“Teaching should be subordinated to
learning”
Gattegno: learning- initiate by ourselves,
mobilizing our inner resources;
9. Goals of the teachers:
• self-expression (thought , perceptions,
fellings)
• develop independence
• onw inner criteria for correctness
10. Role of the Teacher
• Technician or engineer
• “Only the learner can do the learning”
• Respect the student’s autonomy
11. Role of the Students
• Use of what they know
• Free themselves of any obstacles
• Actively engage – personal responsibility
12. As Gattegno says:
“The teacher works with the students; the
students work on the language.”
13. Teaching / Learning Process
• Starts through what the students already
know
• Situations to focus the attention on the
structures of the language
14. • Minimal spoken cues
• Students receive a great deal of practice
• Students gain autonomy by exploring the
language and by making choices
• Students describe their reactions
15. Teacher-Student Interactions
• Teacher is silent – give cues
• Non-verbal gestures, tools he has available
• Student-Student interaction is desirable
17. References
LARZEN-FREEMAN, D. The Audio-Lingual
Method. The Silent Way.In: Techniques and
principles in language teaching. 2nded.
Oxford. 2008.