Introduction and application to: Ashby, F. G., Ennis, J. M., & Spiering, B. J. (2007). A neurobiological theory of automaticity in perceptual categorization. Psychological Review, 114, 632-656.

1. Dr. Brian J. Spiering
email: bspiering@gmail.com
website: https://sites.google.com/site/brianjspiering
SPEED Model
Applications

2. SPEED
An Contrarian Model of Procedural Expertise

3. Previous Notions
“It has been widely held that although memory
traces are at first formed in the cerebral cortex,
they are finally reduced or transferred by long
practice to subcortical levels” (p. 466)
Karl Lashley (1950)
In search of the engram.

4. Previous Notions
“Routine, automatic, or overlearned behavioral
sequences, however complex, do not engage the
PFC and may be entirely organized in subcortical
structures” (p. 323)
Joaquin Fuster (2001).
The prefrontal cortex – an update.

5. SPEED
An Contrarian Model of Procedural Expertise

6. SPEED Model
Procedural learning is striatum dependent.
Procedural expertise is striatum independent.
SPEED (Subcortical Pathways Enable Expertise Development)

7. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Response
BA
B
A-B difference
A
B
A B
A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:

8. Sensory
AssociationA Response
A
A
A
A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
Excitatory
Inhibitory
SPEED Model:
Single Subcortical

9. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Response
BA
B
A-B difference
A
B
A B
A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Subcortical

10. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Striatum
SNpc
Dopamine
Excitatory
SPEED Model:
Subcortical Learning

12. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Response
BA
B
A-B difference
A
B
A B
A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Subcortical

13. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Response
BA
A-B difference
SPEED Model:
Cortical

14. Sensory
Association
Cortex
Response
BA
B
A-B difference
A
B
A B
A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Cortical Learning

15. Sensory
Association
Cortex
A
A
A A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
1st Trial

16. Sensory
Association
Cortex
A
A
A A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Early Learning

17. Sensory
Association
Cortex
A
A
A A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Middle Learning

18. Sensory
Association
Cortex
A
A
A A
Premotor Area
(Cortex)
Thalamus
Globus Pallidus
Striatum
SPEED Model:
Mature Performance

19. Future Directions
- Application to other implicit learning tasks
- Automaticity development during lifespan

20. Triplet Learning

21. Automaticity Development
& Life Span

22. F. Greg Ashby Carol A. Seger
Erik J. Peterson
Dan Lopez-Paniagua
Kurt Braunlich
Anastasia Sares
Alexander Gonzalez
Catie Alpeter
Sarah Quraini
Collaborators

23. ?