1. Do Now
What is brass?
What element(s) is it made from?
What is it used for?
2. Objectives
1. SWBAT define allotropes and explain
why there are different types.
2. SWBAT try to solve a problem in
which three very different substances
are made from the same element.
3. SWBAT define alloys and apply them
to their coin design.
4. SWBAT finish their lab from before
break.
4. Materials: Designing for Desired
Properties
Depletion of Earth’s chemical resources
Motivators to consider alternatives
Scarcity
Cost
Environmental factors
Economic factors
Political factors
5. Materials: Designing for Desired
Properties
One alternative might be to find, modify,
or create new materials that could
substitute for the resource
Requirements for an ideal substitute
Plentiful
Inexpensive
Has useful properties that match or exceed
those of the original resource
6. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
ChemQuandry, p. 184 – A Case of
Elusive Identity
8. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Different forms of
Carbon
a) diamond
b) graphite
d)
buckminsterfullerine
(buckeyball)
9. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Allotropes are different forms of the
same element that each have distinctly
different chemical or physical properties
Must be in same state
Caused by different structures – how
atoms are linked and organized
10. 2D.1 Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
Video Clip: Structure and Properties:
Allotropes
http://www.whfreeman.com/ChemCom/
11. 2.D.6 Allows and Semiconductors
Alloy:
Solid combination of atoms from two or
more metals
EX. Brass (copper and zinc)
http://www.whfreeman.com/ChemCom/
12. Do Now
List 3 motivators to start a search for
alternative chemical resources.
List 3 allotropes of carbon.
13. Objectives
1. SWBAT define ceramics and
ceramics engineering
2. SWBAT list properties of ceramics
3. SWBAT finish the Convering copper
lab
4. SWBAT work in small groups to
research metals, create a model, and
create a presentation on their coin.
14. TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK
1. Wear or bring long pants
2. Wear or bring close toed shoes
3. Bring 3 pennies to class
IF YOU ARE NOT DRESSED
APPROPRIATELY, YOU WILL NOT
PARTICIPATE IN LAB.
15. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Ceramics
Clay – one of the most plentiful
substances on Earth
Made of Al2O32SiO2 2H2O (kaolinitem a
mineral) & Mg+2
, Na1+,
K+1
Clay + Water Mixture to mold & heat
into pottery & bricks
17. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Ceramics – Useful Properties - Durability
Hardness
Rigidity
Low chemical reactivity
Resistance to wear
Medical applications (e.g., hip
replacements)
18. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Engineered Ceramics
Produced by newly developed
techniques & materials
Useful Properties
High melting points
Strength at high temperatures
19. 2D.3 Engineered Materials
Applications
Substitutes for steel (e.g., high-
temperaturediesel or turbine engines – high
efficiency –reduce fuel costs
Computer circuit board resistors – less brittle