Nanosensors, Motes, Smart skin, wireless distributed sensors By Anupam Tiwari, senior menber IETE.

1. National Conference
on
Emerging Trends in Intelligent Computing &
Communication
13-14 Apr 12,
“Galgotias College of Engineering &
Technology” Greater Noida.
Anupam Tiwari
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161, 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 1

2. Smart Materials
 Introduction.
 Smart Concept & Definition.
 Smart “Sensors “ for Military
Applications.
 Smart Clothes & Smart Dust (Specific
Application).
 Conclusion.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 2

3. Smart Materials
Definition:
•Materials that can significantly change their mechanical ,
thermal, optical, or electromagnetic properties,
in a predictable / controllable manner in response to their
environment. They perform sensing and actuating functions.
•Smart Materials incorporate intelligence into systems/object
which make object/ things/system “smart”.
• AI, Nanotechnology, Soft computing etc are used for making
object/system “Smart”.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161, 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 3

4. Smart Material/ Smart
Structure
 Piezoelectric.
 Electro-strictive.
 Magneto-strictive.
 Shape Memory
Alloys.
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5. Example -1
“Smart Carpet” Piezoelectric for
building/installation security.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161, 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam
Tiwari 29/04/12 5

6. “Smart Sensors”
( Military Applications)
MAVs/NAVs
 Micro Air Vehicles/ Nano Air Vehicles.
 Int Gathering/ sensors.
 Smart Dust.
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7. SMART MAVs/ NAVs
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8. Smart Combat Suit
Body Armor, detect NBC threat , Wearable electronics
Communicate with Net-centre room and get updates for
better situational awareness.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 8

9. Smart Skin
 Soldiers could wear a T-
shirt made of special tactile
material that can detect a
variety of signals from the
human body, such as
detection of hits by bullets.
 It can then generate signal
which indicates nature of
injury, analyze their extent,
decide on the urgency to
react, and even takes some
action to stabilize the
injury.
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10. Smart Cloths
 Combination of mobile multimedia, wireless
communication, and wearable computing.
 Wearable electronics , supports distributed
computing and communications systems.
 Applications includes telemedicine, military,
police / emergency service ,entertainment, sports
and fashion wear.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 10

11. Definition :
A dust “mote” is an autonomous node
incorporating sensing, computing,
communications and a power source in a
( mm³ ) volume.
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 11

12. What is “Smart Dust”?
 It is a nano-structured silicon senor which can
spontaneously assemble, orient sense and
report on their local environment, which can
be used in a number of applications.
 Main purpose is to collect and relay
information(up to 1 Km).
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12 12

13. Components of “MOTE”
 Microcontroller
 Tiny Operating System (Tiny OS)
 Processor
 3 KB RAM
 One week fully active, 2 year @1 % duty
cycle.
 TCP/IP Protocols includes management
planes(Mobility, Power and Task )
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14. Smart Dust Military Deployment
 “Smart Dust”, creates a
wireless network of nano-
scaled sensors, called
“Motes”( mm³ ) .
 “Motes” are dispersed by
UAV across a battle space,
like (food packets ) yielding
real-time information
about enemy or troops
movements, and remote
MET observations, and
tactical environment.
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15. Int Gathering in Office by
“Mote”.
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16. Applications of Smart Dust
S Measure vibrations in Aero engines, compressors and
pass reading using wireless links to predict equipment
failure.
n Monitor local temperatures,(Remote MET Observations)
m Monitor speed and Volume tactical move of
troops/tanks.
Monitor presence of people (unauthorized LOC crossing
monitoring).
l Target contaminants in drinking water.(GD contingency)
n Relay information about cancerous cells/wounds
(medical Application).
t Detect hazardous chemical and biological agents(NBC
Defense).
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17. Air Force Application
 CNT coating on cockpit.
 Nano enabled high calories eatables, Nano
bandage, Nano medicine (nano-bio fusion),
Nano water purifier, and nano-sensor (as
RFID tag) war tag which will carry his
service number and religion.
 PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) which will
communicate with Net centric Room.
 Pistol, knife and high quality touch with
NT enable light weight battery.
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18. Conclusion
 Smart means “Incorporating Intelligence in
object/Systems with Technologies.
 NT, AI, Soft computing are most important
technologies for “Smart Systems”.
 MAV/NAVs will be use as Sensors for Warfare.
 Smart Combat Suits enhance solider
capabilities and improves situational awareness.
 “Mote” as sensors is used for wireless
distributed sensors for Military applications.
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19. References
[1] Georges Akhras, Canadian Military Journal, page 25-31 G Autumn 2000
[2] Joel M. Grasmeyer and Matthew T. Keennon, Development of the Black
Widow Micro Air Vehicle. American Institute of Aeronautics and
Astronautics
[3] McMichael, J.M., and Francis, M.S., Micro Air Vehicles – Toward a New
Dimension in Flight, DARPA, USA, 1997.
[4] Steve Mann, communications of the ACM., August 1996/Vol. 39, No. 8.
[5] 0. Sahin, 0. Kayacan, E. Yazgan Bulgun , Smart Textiles for Soldier of the
Future Defence Science Journal, Vol. 55, No. 2, April 2005, pp. 195-205 O
2005, DESIDOC
[6] Brett Warneke, Sunil Bhave, Smart Dust Mote Core Architecture
[7] Ross Anderson, Haowen Chan and Adrian Perrig, Key Infection: Smart
Trust for Smart Dust. CS252, Spring 2000: Project Report Berkeley Sensor
and Actuator Center, 497 Cory Hall, Berkeley CA 94720.
[8] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirc, Wireless
sensor networks: a survey, Computer Networks 38 (2002) 393–422.
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20. Thanks
Have a Nice Day
?
20
Smart Materials For Military Applications EICC-161 13-14 Apr 12 Anupam Tiwari 29/04/12