This presentation provides an overview of the DDS technology describing the latest addition to the standard family as well as providing an outlook of what will be next.

1. The Present and Future "
of DDS
Angelo Corsaro, Ph.D.
Chief Technology Officer!
OMG DDS Sig Co-Chair
PrismTech
angelo.corsaro@prismtech.com!

2. The Present

3. The DDS Standard

4. Data Distribution for Real-Time Systems
¨ Introduced in 2004 to address the Data
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Distribution challenges faced by a wide
class of Defense and Aerospace
Applications
¨ Key requirement for the standard were to
deliver very high, predictable,
performance while scaling from
embedded to ultra-large-scale
deployments
¨ Recommended by key administration
worldwide
¨ Widely adopted across several different
domains, e.g., Automated Trading,
Simulations, SCADA, Telemetry, etc.

5. DDS Standards Family
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App Standard API
2004
DDS § Standard API for Data-
Centric Real-Time Pub/Sub
§ Automatic fail-over
§ Persistence
§ Dynamic Discovery
§ Content Filtering / Queries

6. DDS Standards Family
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App App
Standard API
2004 2004
DDS DDS
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
Wire Protocol
§ High Performance
§ Interoperable Wire Protocol

7. DDS Standards Family
2008 2008
UML4DDS § UML-Based Modeling of UML4DDS
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DDS applications
App App
Standard API
2004 2004
DDS DDS
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
Wire Protocol

8. DDS Standards Family
2008 2008
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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App App
Standard API
2004 2004
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
§ Extensible/Evolvable Type Interoperable
System Wire Protocol
§ Dynamic Topic Types, Data
Readers & Writers
§ Encoding Negotiation

9. DDS Standards Family
2008 § ISO C++ DDS PSM 2008
§ Simple, Safe, Efficient,
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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Elegant and Ergonomic API
App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2004
ISO-C++ PSM
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
Wire Protocol

10. DDS Standards Family
2008 § Java 5 DDS PSM 2008
§ Simple, Safe, Efficient,
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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Elegant and Ergonomic API
App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2010 2004
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
Wire Protocol

11. OMG DDS + DDSI/RTPS
¨ Language Independent, OS
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Application
and HW architecture
independent Object/Relational Mapping
Data Local Reconstruction Layer (DLRL)
¨ Standard API Topic-Based, Real-
Time Publish/Subscribe Ownership Durability
Content
Subscription
¨ Built-in support for fail-over, Minimum Profile
filtering, query, data durability Data Centric Publish/Subscribe (DCPS)
¨ Standard wire protocol allowing Real-Time Publish/Subscribe Protocol
interoperability between DDS Interoperability Wire Protocol
different implementations of the
DDS standard UDP/IP

12. How does it work?

13. What is Data Distribution?
[1/2]
Data distribution is about
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¨
making application defined
data available where needed
and when needed
¨ Data is a first class concept, it
can be created, updated, read
and eventually disposed
¨ The last value (or last N-values)
of a Data is available
Global Data Space

14. What is Data Distribution?
[2/2]
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¨ The details of how
application data is
encapsulated and
propagated are dealt by
the data distribution
technology

15. DDS Topics
The definition of Data in DDS is com.myco.VehiclePositionTopic!
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¨
tied to the definition of a Topic
¨ A Topic is the association Name
between:
¨ Unique Name
¨ Type
¨ QoS Type Topic QoS
¨ A Topic can have associated a
key in order to express data com::myco::VehiclePosition!
{Reliability,!
Deadline,!
instances identities Priority,!
Durability}!

16. Topic Types
struct VehiclePosition{!
string plate; //@Key!
¨ Topic types can be defined long x;!
in IDL, XML, Java
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longy;!
}!
¨ Topics types are extensible
and evolvable
¨ Rich set of annotations to Topic TrakCo.VehiclePosition
deal with fields that might be
optional, shared, etc. Topic Type VehiclePosition
Topic Key plate x y
¨ Each unique key value
identifies a Topic Instance “A123” 101 202
Topic Instances “B456” 303 202
¨ Topic Instance, can be
Created, Read, Updated, “C789” 101 606
and Disposed (CRUD)

17. Topic Instances and Samples
¨ An update for a Topic Instance is called Sample
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¨ DDS can maintain a configurable history of samples per Topic
Instance

18. Demo#1
DDS in Action

19. DDS X-Types

20. The Type System Debate
¨ The debate around type Programming Languages Type
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Systems has animated computer scientist over several
decades and is far from being resolved
¨ New Programming Languages are continuing to appear
on both sides of the fence
Statically Typed (ex.) Dynamically Typed (ex.)
F #

21. Are you a Type-Phobic Type?
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¨ Proponents of Dynamically Typed Programming Languages
advocate against strong typing in favor of reduced verbosity
and added flexibility
Yet... Are they so sure that a type system always gets
between you and what you are trying to achieve?

22. Strongly Typed Type Systems
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¨ Well designed type-systems don’t add unnecessary verbosity
to your application since use sophisticated inference to
derive types
¨ Allow the detection of many errors at compile time, thus
improving productivity, safety, code quality and reducing the
potential for run-time errors
¨ Enable the generation of more efficient code

23. Types and Distributed Systems
¨ The “Type System debate” has not spared distributed systems
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¨ Today we can find different technologies taking different
approaches: from completely untyped to strongly typed
¨ The differences are in this case more complex to organize:
¨ Some technologies support only one type, being a string or an array
of bytes (e.g. AMQP)
¨ Other technologies support some predefined types (e.g JMS)
¨ Other technologies allow the definition of user-specified types (e.g
DDS)

24. Types and Distributed Systems
T3
T1
T2
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T2
T3
T4
? T1
T4
T1 T1
T3 T2
User Defined Types Example:
T1 = RadarTrack T3 = FlightPlan
T1 T2 T3 T4
T2 = ClassificationInfo T4 = ...

25. Types and Distributed Systems
T3
T1
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T2 T2
Pub/Sub Types
T3 T1
octect sequence
T4 T4
T1 T1
T3
AMQP T2
User Defined Types Example:
T1 = RadarTrack T3 = FlightPlan
T1 T2 T3 T4
T2 = ClassificationInfo T4 = ...

26. Types and Distributed Systems
T3
T1
T2
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T2
MapMessage
T3 ObjectMessage TextMessage T1
T4 StreamMessage T4
ByteMessage Pub/Sub Types
T1 T1
JMS
T3 T2
Example:
T1 = RadarTrack T3 = FlightPlan
T2 = ClassificationInfo T4 = ...

27. Types and Distributed Systems
T3
T1 Pub/Sub Types == User Types!
T2
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T2
T1 T1
T3 T1
T2 T3
T4 T3 T4
T4
T1 T1
T3
DDS T2
Example:
T1 = RadarTrack T3 = FlightPlan
T2 = ClassificationInfo T4 = ...

28. “Pre X-Types” DDS Type System
¨ Nominal Type-System w/o sub-typing
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¨ Designed with the Closed-World Assumption in
mind, e.g., the information model is global and
immutable
¨ Changes to the information model are either non-
transparent or non-interoperable with legacy, e.g.
require compile/deploy cyce

29. Example
¨ In pre X-Types DDS systems the struct RadarTrack {!
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RadarTrack and RadarTrack3D string id; //@Key!
long x;!
cannot be associated with }!
longy;!
the same Topic by different
DDS entities
¨ Nor it is possible for Readers
expecting RadarTrack types struct RadarTrack3D {!
string id; //@Key!
to match Writers producing long x;!
longy;!
RadarTrack3D long z;!
}!

30. DDS X-Types Type System
¨ Structural Type System
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¨ Support extensible and evolvable types
¨ A structural sub-type relationship is used to match
DataReader and DataWriters
¨ Annotations + QoS Policy provide control on the
sub-typing rule

31. Example
¨ Under the X-Types type-system: struct RadarTrack {!
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¨ RadarTrack3D <: RadarTrack string id; //@Key!
long x;!
long y;!
¨ As a result Subscribers to }!
RadarTrack match Publishers of
RadartTrack3D
¨ How about the dual case? struct RadarTrack3D {!
¨ QoS allow to control whether type string id; //@Key!
widening are allowed and in provide long x;!
control on widened attributes have to long z;!
be initialized long y;!
}!

32. More on X-Types
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The DDS X-Types standard also provides
¨ An API for dynamically registering topic types and
creating DataReader/Writer for these types
¨ A rich set of annotations for declaring shared and
optional attributes, etc.

33. X-Types Efficiency

34. Encoding Efficiency
Size for Serialized CoFlight Flight Data Plan
DDS serialization is
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¨
several times more
efficient than JSON,
XML and YAML
¨ Differences can be
quite extreme when
dealing with complex
types
DDS encoding is 10x more space efficient than XML!

35. Encoding Impact on RTT
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DDS RTT with different Serialization Format
¨ Inefficient encoding
can easily dominate
RTT
¨ DDS native encoding
is the most efficient
among extensible
encodings!

36. DDS is very Efficient!
DDS implementations are
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¨
capable of delivering very
low and predictable
latencies
Latency (usec)
¨ No other Pub/Sub
technology can approach
similar level of
performance!
Size (bytes)

37. ISO C++ PSM

38. PIM/PSM Approach
The DDS standard is
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¨
PIM (UML)
composed by a PIM
specified in UML and A
PSM specified in IDL
PSM (IDL)
¨ Language specific APIs are
IDL2C
derived via IDL-based IDL2C++
IDL2Java
mappings (e.g. IDL2C++,
etc.)
C C++ Java

39. What is the Problem?
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¨ IDL is very good for describing DDS Topic Types, yet...
¨ IDL’s biggest strength, namely (programming) language
independence, becomes its biggest weakness when trying to
define APIs that are well integrated with a programming
language
¨ For some programming languages (e.g. C++) the IDL2C++
mapping is “seasoned”

40. What is the Problem?
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¨ Resulting DDS APIs are more complicated than they should
¨ API don’t feel natural or ergonomic to programmers
¨ API (esp. for C++) don’t integrate well with standard libraries
nor implements common idioms/patterns.

41. Native C++/Java PSM
¨ The new C++/Java PSM are
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derived starting directly from
the PIM
PIM (UML)
¨ The new C++/Java PSM take
advantage of all the features
available in C++/Java to ISO C++ PSM Java 5 PSM
provide a natural,
productive, efficient, safe
and portable API

42. ISO C++ PSM in a Nutshell
¨ Provides transparent, safe, precise and real-time automatic memory
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management
¨ Takes advantage of C++ Template Meta-programming to automate
tasks such as type registration and provide a strongly typed API (no
downcast ever!)
¨ Provides a DDS API that exploits Iterators and containers as well as
other C++ Standard Types
¨ API is extensible, efficient and portable

43. Type Mapping
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¨ DDS primitive types are
mapped to C99/C++ standard
types
¨ DDS container types are
mapped to standard C++
containers, namely std::vector
and std::map

44. Topic Type Mapping
C++ Topic Type Mapping
class VehiclePosition {
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IDL Topic Type Definition ! VehiclePosition();
! VehiclePosition(const std::string& plate,
! ! ! int32_t x, int32_t y);
struct VehiclePosition {
! string plate; ! virtual ~VehiclePosition();
! long x;
! long y; ! const std::string& plate() const;
}; ! void plate(const std::string& s);
#pragma keylist VehiclePosition plate
! const int32_t x() const;
! void x(int32_t i);
! const int32_t y() const;
! void y(int32_t i);
private:
! // Encapsulated state representation
};

45. Writing Samples
// ================== DataWriter ===================
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try {
dds::topic::Topic<RadarTrack> topic =
DomainId id = 0;
dp.create_topic<RadarTrack>("TrackTopic",
DomainParticipant dp =
"RadarTrack", tqos);
TheParticipantFactory().create_participant(id);
pub::qos::DataWriterQos dwqos(tqos);
pub::qos::PublisherQos pqos;
pqos << policy::Partition("Tracks");
pub::DataWriter<RadarTrack> dw =
pub.create_datawriter(topic, dwqos);
pub::Publisher pub =
dp.create_publisher(pqos);
RadarTrack track("alpha", 100, 200);
topic::qos::TopicQos tqos;
dw.write(track);
tqos << policy::Reliability::Reliable()
// or
<< policy::Durability::Transient()
dw << track;
<< policy::History::KeepLast(10)
<< policy::TransportPriority(14);
} catch (const dds::core::Exception& e) { }

46. Reading Samples
// ================== DataReader===================
dds::topic::Topic<RadarTrack> topic =
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dp.create_topic<RadarTrack>("TrackTopic",
try {
"RadarTrack", tqos);
DomainId id = 0;
DomainParticipant dp =
sub::qos::DataReaderQos dwqos(tqos);
TheParticipantFactory().create_participant(id);
sub::DataReader<RadarTrack> dr =
sub::qos::SubscriberQos sqos;
sub.create_datareader(topic, drqos);
sqos << policy::Partition("Tracks");
std::vector<RadarTrack> samples(MY_MAX_LEN);
std::vector<SampleInfo> info(MY_MAX_LEN);
sub::Subscriber sub =
dr.read(samples.begin(), info.begin(), MY_MAX_LEN);
dp.create_subscriber(sqos);
topic::qos::TopicQos tqos;
} catch (const dds::core::Exception& e) { }
tqos << policy::Reliability::Reliable()
<< policy::Durability::Transient()
<< policy::History::KeepLast(10)
<< policy::TransportPriority(14);

47. OpenSplice DDS

48. Modern History
2008
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• Gartner selects DDS as a Cool Technology and Prismtech/OpenSplice
DDS as the cool vendor among DDS provider
2009
• To propel and accelerate the adoption of DDS beyond Aerospace and
Defense PrismTech Open Sources OpenSplice DDS
2010
OpenSplice DDS • With over 3000 new users in the last year OpenSplice DDS establishes
#1 itself as the most widely used and deployed DDS implementation

49. Product Adoption
20000
OpenSplice Downloads
15000
~20000 Unique
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Downloads
¨
10000
downloads
since October
5000
2009 3000
0
OpenSplice DDS Registered Users
¨ ~3000 Unique 2250
OpenSplice DDS 1500
Users 750
0
Oct 2009 Oct 2010

50. Product Organization
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¨ Four different editions with Enterprise Edition
growing sets of functionalities
Professional Edition
¨ The Community Edition is
Open Source. Compact, Compact Edition
Professional and Enterprise
Edition are available through Community Edition
Commercial Subscriptions /
Licensing

51. Community Edition
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¨ OMG DDS v1.2 Application
Content
Real-Time Networking
DDS v1.2
Ownership Durability
Subscription
¨
Minimum Profile
¨ DDSI/RTPS v2.1 Real-Time Pub/Sub (DCPS)
DDSI v2.1
Interoperable Wire Protocol
Real-Time Networking
(DDSI)
Licensing Networking Technology
¨ LGPLv3 UDP/IP

52. Compact Edition
All Community Ed. features
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¨ MDE
Application
Tuner
¨ Power Tools PowerTools
Eclipse Visual Modeling Tool Content
DDS v1.2
¨ Ownership Durability
Subscription
¨ Tuner Tool Minimum Profile
Real-Time Pub/Sub (DCPS)
DDSI v2.1
Licensing Real-Time Networking
Interoperable Wire Protocol
(DDSI)
¨ Commercial Subscription / Licenses Networking Technology
PrismTech Source Code License
UDP/IP
¨
(non-copy-left)

53. Professional Edition
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All Compact Ed. Features
MDE Application
¨
Tuner
Object/Relational Mapping
DLRL v1.2
PowerTools Object-Oriented Pub/Sub (DLRL)
DDS v1.2
¨
Content
Ownership Durability
Subscription
¨ Connectors Minimum Profile
Real-Time Pub/Sub (DCPS)
¨ SOAP
DDSI v2.1
Interoperable Wire Protocol
SOAP Real-Time Networking
(DDSI)
Licensing Connectors
Networking Technology
¨ Commercial Subscription / Licenses UDP/IP
¨ PrismTech Source Code License
(non-copy-left)

54. Enterprise Edition
¨ All Professional Ed. Features
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MDE Application
Security
Tuner
Object/Relational Mapping
¨
PowerTools Object-Oriented Pub/Sub (DLRL)
DDS v1.2
Connectors
Content
Ownership Persistence
¨ Subscription
DBMS
Minimum Profile
DBMS
Connectors Real-Time Pub/Sub(DCPS)
¨
DDSI v2.1
Real-Time Interoperable Wire
SOAP Secure Networking
Networking Protocol (DDSI)
Licensing Connectors Networking Technology
¨ Commercial Subscription / Licenses UDP/IP
¨ PrismTech Source Code License
(non-copy-left)

55. OpenSplice DDS
[Users & Use Cases]

56. Some Selected Users
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57. Some Use Cases
Aerospace & Defense
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¨ Naval Combat Management Systems
¨ Submarines
¨ Vetronics (Military Vehicles)
¨ Tactical Links
¨ Simulation
¨ Cybercrime
¨ Flycatcher Systems
¨ Data Fusion
¨ Battle Transformation Center

58. Some Use Cases
Transportation
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¨ Drones
¨ Air Traffic Control & Management
¨ Metropolitan Transportation
Financial Services
¨ Automated Trading Firms
¨ Risk Management Firms

59. The Future

60. DDS Standard Evolution
2008 2008
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2010 2004
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
Wire Protocol

61. DDS Standard Evolution
2008 2008
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2010 2004
2011
2011
Web-DDS
Web-DDS
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
DDSI/RTPS network DDSI/RTPS
Interoperable
§ Standardized way of
Wire Protocol accessing DDS from Web
Technologies
§ REST, W3C WS-*, RSS, etc.

62. DDS Standard Evolution
2008 2008
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2010 2004
2011
2011
Web-DDS
Web-DDS
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2011 2011
ULS-DDSI network ULS-DDSI
§ Ultra-Large Scale Extensions Interoperable
to the DDSI/RTPS wire- Wire Protocol
protocol
§ New Discovery
§ Support for TCP, etc.

63. DDS Standard Evolution
2008 2008
UML4DDS UML4DDS
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App App
Standard API
2004 2010 2010 2004
2012
2011
2011
2012
Web-DDS
Web-DDS
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
Security
Security
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
ULS-DDSI network ULS-DDSI
Interoperable § Interoperable Security
Wire Protocol Architecture
§ Pluggable Policy / Labeling
and Tagging

64. DDS Standard Evolution
2008 2008
UML4DDS § Remote Method UML4DDS
Invocations over DDS
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§ Synchronous, Asynchronous
App and one ways RMI App
2012 2012
Standard API
DDS-RMI DDS-RMI
2004 2010 2010 2004
2012
2011
2011
2012
Web-DDS
Web-DDS
ISO-C++ PSM Java5 PSM
Security
Security
2010
2010
DDS DDS
X-Types
X-Types
2006 2006
ULS-DDSI network ULS-DDSI
Interoperable
Wire Protocol

65. Concluding Remarks
¨ The DDS specification provides you the most
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advanced middleware infrastructure for building
mission-critical systems
¨ The Specification is evolving to support System of
Systems and Cloud Messaging
¨ OpenSplice DDS is emerging as the leading
implementation in the DDS market, quickly
expanding well beyond its traditional core market

66. OpenSplice DDS
Delivering Performance, Openness, and Freedom
http://www.opensplice.com/
http://www.opensplice.org/ http://www.slideshare.net/angelo.corsaro
emailto:opensplicedds@prismtech.com
http://bit.ly/1Sreg
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