1. LESSON 5
COMPOSITION IN
LETTERING

2. KEY TERMS
 1.
AESTHETICS- the appreciation of
what is
beautiful.
 2. ELEMENT –a smaller quantity of a
component.
 3. JUSTIFIED – an alignment style
where all lines are equal in length.
 4. SPACE-CARRIER – a letter that
leaves much unused space.

3. COMPOSITION
Composition in lettering is slightly synonymous with
composition in English class. In
Drafting, composition refers to the proper use
of the different elements necessary to achieved
a good and aesthetically performed lettering.
 The elements of good composition includes: layout, space, proportion and style of letter. These
elements should be arranged in such a way that the
finished lettering job is visually pleasing.


4. LAY-OUT
is a plan on how
you are going to arrange the
letters in a given space. You
will consider the position of the
paper, font style, size of the
word & the alignment to apply
in the lay-out.

5. TYPES OF ALIGNING LAYOUT
_________________
______________________
 _______
___________
 __________________
_______________________
 ________
____________
 _______________
_______________________
 ________________
_______________________
 _______________
____________


6. 
_________________
___________________
_________________
___________________
_________________
___________________
_________________
Flush right
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Justified

___________________________
_____________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_____________________________
Diagonal

7. Space refers to the blank area allotted for lettering.
There should be a proper spacing of letters and
words in a lay-out for them to appear balanced and
not overcrowded on the paper.
 Two methods of spacing:
 1. MECHANICAL SPACING- is when every letter
space is measuredwithout considering the shape of
the adjacent letter.
 2. OPTICAL SPACING – which produces a better
lay-out, is done in accordance with the shape of the
letter next to another.


8. SIX BASIC RULES IN SPACING:
1. Straight-sided letters should be placed closely if
they are arranged one after the other.
 2. Curved-sided letters should be placed very
closed to one another.
 3. If a straight-sided letters and a curved letter is
placed next after each other, they should be space
closer.
 4. A space-carrier letter( A,V,L or T) should be
placed to overlap the space alloted for another
space-carrier and/or after it to compensate for the
blank space.
 5. Space between words should be enough for an
imaginary “()” to fit in.
 6. Spaces between two sentences should be equal
to the space for two imaginary “()’s.


9. HUM
Sraitgh-sided
SOON
Curved-sided
ORCHID Combination
LTD Space-carrier
BE

GOOD ALWAYS
Space between words

10. Proportion
refers to the size of
the letters to be used in
relation to the space that they
will occupy. There are three
proportions of letters namely:
compressed, extended and
normal.

11. 
1. COMPRESSED –the type of proportion that is used
when the space is narrow. The height of letters is
greater than normal and width is lesser.

2.

- The type that is applied when the space is too wide.
The height of the letters is less than but the width is
greater.

3.

12. 
Style – refers to the type of letters to be used that
could either ne Gothic, Roman, Text or Script or a
combination of two or more.
ROMAN
TEXT
SCRIPT
ALGERIAN
COURIER New
Gothic

13. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

14. ANY
QUESTION:

15. Get
¼ sheet of
paper!

16. Ready
for short
assessment.
Work
quietly !
Mind
your own paper!
GOD
is watching us!

17.  1.
Refers to the size of the letters to be used
in relation to the space that they will occupy.
There are three proportions of letters
namely: compressed, extended and normal.
 2.Refers to the type of letters to be used
that could either ne Gothic, Roman, Text or
Script or a combination of two or more.
 3. Is a plan on how you are going to arrange
the letters in a given space.
 4. Refers to the blank area allotted for
lettering.
 5.Refers to the proper use of the different
elements necessary to achieved a good and
aesthetically performed lettering.

18. ASSIGNMENT
1. Define Guidelines.
 2. Identify the different kinds of guidelines.
 3.Identify the parts of the letter (drafting).
 4. What are the char.of good lettering?
 5. How is the correct construction and proper
strokes of UPPERCASE and LOWERCASE letters?

References:
 Any Drafting books and notebooks.
