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Parvo Program
1. Giving Parvo + DOGS a 2nd Chance at Life
By: Nipuni Ratnayaka & Kristen Kjellberg, DVM
2. * *How to start saving immediately
*How to expand your program
*Complications
3. W H A T I S P A R V O ?
⢠Viral disease
⢠Incredibly hardy
⢠fecal-oral route
⢠Takes 1-5 days to cause infection
⢠Clinical Symptoms last 5-10 days
⢠24-48 hours after cessation of symptoms
4. W H A T I S P A R V O ?
⢠Attacks intestinal lining
⢠Symptoms:
⢠Diarrhea, often bloody
⢠vomiting
⢠lethargy
⢠Causes of death:
1. Dehydration
2. Sepsis
⢠In severe cases, death can be
caused by hypoglycemia or
hypoprotenemia
5. PREVENTING OUTBREAKS
⢠CPV can be spread
Isolate the puppy
⢠CPV can be carried
Follow decontamination protocols
⢠CPV can survive
Disinfect the area
6. A P A â S P a r v o
P r o g r a m
85%⢠Volunteers Treat
⢠Doctors prescribe
7. This is all you need -
1. Minimal medical Supplies
2. Foster w/ Spare Bathroom
3. Doctor for Rx and assessments
4. Decontamination protocols
*
8. *
*Designated â parvo only
*AM & PM treatments
*Multiple fosters for different
stages
*No med. experience required
*Hands-on training for SQ
*Care instructions/manual
*On-Call phone number
9. D E C O N T A M I N A T I O N
P R O T O C O L S
⢠Isolation
⢠Designated scrubs & shoes*
⢠Toilet
⢠Proper Hand Washing
⢠Washer & Dry Separately
⢠Tub for Baths
*designated shoes more effective than footbath
10. Protocol found @ wiki.apaparvo.org
S C R U B B I N G I N & O U T
a strict protocol for entering and exiting the icu
12. T R E A T M E N T S H E E T
1. Doctors prescribe
2. Volunteers treat
Document Everything
⢠Physical exam
⢠Medications
⢠Consumption and
Excretion
13. M e d i c a l
S u p p l i e s
1. Antibiotics
⢠Polyflex
⢠Baytril
2. Reglan (nausea)
3. Fluid bags
4. Needles and Syringes
14. T R E A T M E N T E S S E N T I A L S
*Cost estimate for 10lb dog
Parvo SNAP Tests (IDEXX)
⢠$20 for 1*
⢠non-essential to test-out
Baytril 100mg/mL
⢠$165 per 250cc bottle
⢠1cc X 6 days
⢠6cc - $4
⢠40 dogs per bottle
Polyflex
⢠$40 per 150cc bottle
⢠$1.60
Reglan
⢠$6 per 30cc bottle
⢠$1.20
Fluids
⢠$20 per 12 bag case
⢠$2.50*
Syringes & Needles
⢠$5
Medicine cost =
~ $16-36 per dog
*depends on shelter protocols
19. E N T R A N C E
⢠Clean side:
⢠Lockers
⢠Sink
⢠street clothes
⢠Dividing line
⢠Contaminated side
⢠Scrubs
⢠shoes
20. B U I L D I N G A T E A M
1. Licensed Veterinarian
⢠order & prescribe medications, looks over
patient cases
⢠Ask your local vet!
2. Team Manager
⢠recruit volunteers, schedule, program
improvements
3. Dedicated volunteers
⢠quality over quantity
4. Veterinary Technicians
⢠place catheters, intake, off-shift tasks
21. *
⢠Recruiting â
⢠Email
⢠Medical Groups
⢠Students
⢠Reg Volunteer group
⢠Professionalism
⢠Strict Requirements
⢠Training
⢠Curriculum
⢠Empowering = knowledge
⢠How vs. Why & When
⢠Do vs. Understand
22. How Volunteers Handle Death
⢠Protocols, prepared in advanced, part of training
⢠Facebook page
⢠Memorial garden
⢠Its not their fault
⢠will lose 15% no matter what
23. E S S E N T I A L I T E M S
General
Cleaning
Medical
24. G E N E R A L :
DOG CARE SUPPLIES
Designated for parvo patients only
⢠Fridge
⢠Toilet
⢠Bowls
⢠Toys
⢠Sweaters
⢠Heating pads
⢠Microwave
⢠Thermometer
General
My legs
are too
longâŚ
25. V A R I E T Y O F F O O D
⢠nausea-association
⢠Turn around in 5-6 days
⢠high in protein
⢠stimulate appetite
⢠Pizza crust
⢠Goal = solid stools
⢠Chicken and Rice
General
ZZzzzZZZZâŚ
26. C L E A N I N G S U P P L I E S
⢠Sharps Container
⢠Parvocidal Disinfectant
⢠Bleach
⢠Laundry detergent
⢠Hand soap
⢠Washer/Dryer
⢠Broom/Mop
⢠Toilet paper
⢠Trash bags
Cleaning
27. M E D I C A L S U P P L I E S
*OK to began with only subcutaneous treatment
1.Treatment supplies
⢠Needles
⢠Syringes
⢠IV Fluid Line
⢠Catheters*
⢠Fluid pump*
28. M E D I C A L S U P P L I E S
2. Medications
⢠Antibiotics
⢠Baytril (Enrofloxacin)
⢠Polyflex
⢠Ampicillin or
Cefazolin*
⢠Fluids
⢠Lactated Ringers
⢠Hetastarch*
⢠Antiemetics
⢠Reglan
⢠Dewormers
⢠Strongid
29. T R E A T M E N T A D D - O N S
Medications
⢠Cerenia or Anzemet
⢠Famotidine or Zantac
⢠Doxycycline or
Oxytetracycline
⢠Panacur or Strongid
⢠Dextrose or Karosyrup
⢠Metronidazole
⢠**Med Charts in Manual**
Equipment
⢠IV Pump
⢠Catheters
⢠Hair clippers
30. ⢠Donations
⢠Amazon Wishlist
⢠Meds from Hospitals
⢠Recycling syringes for orals
⢠Hand towels
⢠Rely on & empower volunteers
⢠One parvo test per litter, up to 3
⢠Protocols to reduce DVM time
⢠Higher adoption fee for post-parvos
⢠Supportive care
⢠constant force feeding slowly
(baby food, pedialyte, chicken
broth) incredibly small amounts
⢠keep warm
⢠Reglan, fluids every 8 hours
S A V I N G M O N E Y
4,200 volunteer man hours worked in 2013
31. O V E R A L L E S T I M A T E D C O S T
Minor
$20.52 Moderate
$68.77
Severe
$133.16
Average ~ $75 per dog
20%
20%
60%
32. I N T A K E
1. Verify a positive test
2. vaccinate â DHPP and Bordatella
3. Physical assessment
4. Treatment
5. Wash hands between patients
33. ASSESSSMENT & PHYSICAL EXAM
⢠Assessments noted every 12 hours by volunteers
⢠Medical treatments prescribed every 24 hours by doctor
1. Attitude
⢠BAR, QAR, lethargic, semi-
comatose
2. Gum color:
⢠pink â healthy
⢠pale pink â poor circulation
⢠White - anemic
⢠Grey/pale â shock
(severe dehydration, sepsis)
3. Temperature
⢠Paws
⢠Rectal
34. M I N O R T R E A T M E N T
Assessment:
⢠Dog is BAR/QAR
⢠Decreased or no appetite
⢠Some vomiting and/or
diarrhea
⢠Moderate dehydration
Subcutaneous Treatment
⢠Baytril (diluted), Polyflex,
Reglan and fluids
⢠+/- on pump
35. M O D E R A T E T R E A T M E N T
Assessment:
⢠Dog is QAR/lethargic
⢠No appetite
⢠Moderate vomiting and
diarrhea
⢠Pink gums
Intravenous Treatment
⢠Baytril SQ & Ampicillin IV
⢠IV Fluid bolus or on pump
36. S E V E R E T R E A T M E N T
Assessment:
⢠lethargic
⢠Excessive v/bd
Intravenous Treatment
⢠Baytril IV diluted, vet
supervision
⢠Ampicillin IV
⢠IV fluid pump with dextrose,
reglan, kcl
⢠Hetastarch â blood volume
infuser (pressure
increaser), protein
⢠Hypoglycemia & Toy
breeds
⢠Force feeding
37. D I S C H A R G I N G
Testing Out:
⢠Two Solid Stools
⢠Special Circumstances: In ICU for
>10-12 days
38. D I S C H A R G I N G
Bathing â be extremely thorough
1. Clip nails
2. Remove all traces of feces
3. Two baths
4. Clean rectum, under tail, & paws very well
40. ⢠Vaccinate immediately at intake
⢠Before even taking out of cage
⢠No harm, possible benefit
⢠Immediately separate litters/puppies
showing URI symptoms
⢠put in crate and cover
⢠Wash hands **properly**
*
41. Treating a dying puppy
⢠What are we treating?
⢠Dehydration
⢠Temperature
⢠Hypoglycemia
1. Act fast â no diagnostics
2. Warmth
3. Hetastarch & Dextrose IV
4. Reassess
⢠Temp â rectal + paws
⢠Gum color
⢠Lift head
5. LRS bolus until out-of-shock
****Have hard copies of protocols readily available****
*
42. *
⢠Worms, Mange
⢠Decontamination protocols
⢠Strongid given regardless to all
⢠For severe mange, be aggressive with
treatment
⢠Hookworm anemia
⢠URI/Distemper
⢠Quarantine Protocols
⢠Additional Medications
⢠Baytril
⢠Azithromycin
⢠Oxytetracycline/Doxycycline
⢠Nebulizing
43. ⢠Abscesses
⢠How?
⢠blown vein â swelling above IVC
⢠baytril site
⢠Treatment
⢠Baytril or Clavamox ideal
⢠Warm compresses
⢠Honey Bandage
⢠Canât place a catheter
⢠Try jugular catheter
⢠Call DVM or vet tech
⢠Intussusception
⢠DVM diagnose
⢠abdomen palpations
⢠excessive vomiting
⢠Abdominal palpations
⢠No diarrhea or purpleish diarrhea
*
44. ⢠Walking on wrists/hawks
⢠bones and ligaments growing at
different rate
⢠straightens out in a week
⢠not to worry
⢠Post parvo arthritis
⢠Potential Causes
⢠Parvovirus localizing in the
joints?
⢠related to baytril?
⢠Most likely sepsis.
Supportive tx??? no surgery
necessary
⢠Treatment
⢠Tramadol & NSAIDs
⢠Antibiotics may not be
necessary â DVM discretion
⢠Temporary problem
*
45. Q U E S T I O N S / C O M M E N T S ?
nipuni.ratnayaka@austinpetsalive.org
w i k i . a p a p a r v o . o r g
Kerbey, Parvo survivor