2. ABJECTIVES
List teaching strategies that pave the way for assessment
Define assessment
Differentiate between assessment and evaluation
Define and differentiate between formative and summative assessment

3. WHAT ARE SOME TEACHING STRATEGIES THAT ARE
USED IN THE CLASSROOM?
Projects
Case study
Role play
Field trips
Simulations
Discussions
Lecture
Assignments

4. WHAT IS ASSESSMENT?
Assessment can be defined as a systematic ongoing process of
monitoring learning
• Assess progress toward outcomes, by and for both teacher and learner,
continually during learning.
• Measurement of student learning at the micro level

5. WHAT IS EVALUATION?
This is a broad process and seeks to make judgment about the worth and
effectiveness of the learning programme.
• Evaluate attainment of outcomes rigorously as each learning opportunity
concludes.
• Evaluation is geared at the macro or holistic level of the learning event.

6. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ASSESSMENT
AND EVALUATION?
Dimension of Difference Assessment Evaluation
Timing Formative Summative
Focus of Measurement Process-Oriented Product-Oriented
Relationship Between Administrator and Recipient
Reflective Prescriptive
Findings, Uses Thereof Diagnostic Judgmental
Ongoing Modifiability of Criteria, Measures Thereof
Flexible Fixed
Standards of Measurement Absolute Comparative
Relation Between Objects of A/E Coöperative Competitive

7. WHAT IS FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT?
Ongoing assessment to improve quality
Assessment for learning (progress made during learning)
Taken at varying intervals throughout the course to provide information
and feedback that will help improve:
 The quality o student learning
 The quality of the course itself

8. WHAT IS FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT?-CONTINUED
Provides information on what an individual student needs to:
 Practice
 Have re-taught
 Learn next
Looks forward; future achievement
Process oriented
Reflective
Flexible

9. WHAT ARE SOME TYPES OF FORMATIVE
ASSESSMENT?
Question and Answer
Short test and quizzes
Observation of performance
Projects
Simulations
Conferences
Assignments
Homework exercises

10. WHAT IS SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT?
Assessment of learning (knowledge and skills)
Generally taken by students at the end of a unit and geared to demonstrate the
sum of what was learned.
Looks at past achievements
Separated from teaching
Product oriented
Judgmental
Prescriptive

11. SUMMARY
Formative Summative
Why? Purpose used as feedback to improve the
process of learning
used to measure the learning that
has taken place
Report
To whom?
the learner receives feedback feedback is often in the form of a
report to a third party e.g. the
Head of Department or parent
When? this generally happens during the
learning process
this generally tends to be the final
assessment after the learning
process and is normally linked to
rewards (pass or fail)
How?
Examples
In the classroom:
1. An educator assesses a team
exercise and intervenes after
discovering that some members are
being left out. The result is that the
team functions better.
2. A teacher marks an essay and
gives comments and advice. The
student re-writes the essay in
response to the comments before
being finally assessed.
Everyday example:
TV programme popularity ratings (if
programmes are rated poorly they
know they must improve)
In the classroom:
Learners write exams at the end of
the year to determine who passes
and who fails
Everyday example: Oscar awards for
actors (the little Oscar statue is the
reward for excellent performance