2. 1 Kingdom
2 Groups
10 Phyla
290,000+ Species
3. Group
Nonvascular Plants
(Bryophytes)
Phylum Common Name Estimated # of
Species
1. Phylum Liverworts 9,000
Hepatophyta
2. Phylum Hornworts 100
Anthocerophyta
3. Phylum Mosses 15,000
Bryophyta
4. Group
Vascular Plants:
*Seedless Vascular Plants
Phylum Common Name Estimated # of
Species
4. Phylum Lycophytes 1,200
lycophyta
5. Phylum Pterophytes 12,000
pterophyta
5. Vascular Plants
*Seed Plants
-Gymnosperms (seeds are
not enclosed in a chamber)
Phylum Common Name Estimated # of
Species
6. Phylum Ginkgo 1
Ginkgophyta
7. Phylum Cycads 130
Cycadophyta
8. Phylum Gnetophytes 75
Gnetophyta
9. Phylum Conifers 600
Coniferophyta
6. Vascular Plants
*Seed Plants
-Angiosperms (seeds are
contained)
Phylum Common Name Estimated # of
Species
10. Phylum Flowering plants 250,000
Anthophyta
8. 1. Phylum Hepatophyta
Some liverworts have flattened
gametophytes while others have
stemlike gametophytes.
The gametophytes themselves are
liver-shaped.
9. 2. Phylum Anthocerophyta
The sporophytes have a long, tapered
shape.
A hornwort sporophyte lacks seta and
consists only of sporangium.
Hornworts are often among the first to
colonize open area with moist soils.
They share a symbiotic relationship with
nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.
10. 3. Phylum Bryophyta
Bryophyta are nonvascular embryophytes
that have no water-conducting tissues.
Known as mosses, these organisms range
in height from less than 1 mm to up to 2 m.
Persistent unbranched sporophytes
No vascular system
12. 4. Phylum Lycophyta
Many lycophytes grow on other plants as
epiphytes (plants that use other plants as
a substrate but are not parasites).
Other species grow on forest floors.
Others live below ground, gaining
nutrients from fungi.
It includes sporophytes, club mosses, spike
mosses, and quillworts.
13. 5. Phylum Pterophyta
Thisphylum includes ferns, horsetails, and
whisk ferns and relatives.
Ferns radiated from their Devonian origins
and grew next to tree lycophytes and
horsetails.
They are most diverse in the tropics, but
there are some species that have
adapted to arid climates.
14. 6. Phylum Ginkgophyta
There is only one surviving species of
this phylum, the Ginkgo biloba.
This phylum, and species, has
deciduous fanlike leaves that turn
gold in the Fall.
It tolerates air pollution well.
15. 7. Phylum Cycadophyta
The second largest group of
gymnosperms, they have large
cones and palmlike leaves.
Cycads thrived during the Mesozoic
era, known as the age of cycads
and the age of dinosaurs.
16. 8. Phylum Gnetophyta
Have woody vascular system
Consists of three genera: Gnetum,
Ephedra, and Welwitschia.
These have been grouped together
based on molecular data.
17. 9. Phylum Coniferophyta
Thisphylum is by far the largest of the
gymnosperms.
Many are large trees.
Most conifers are evergreens, remaining
green all year round.
When spring comes around, conifers
already have fully developed leaves.
18. 9. Phylum Anthophyta
Thisencompasses all
angiosperms (flowering plants).
The flower itself is a
development used for sexual
reproduction.
Use fruit to encompass seeds.
