Al2ed chapter5

Procedures and the Stack Chapter 5 S. Dandamudi

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

What is a Stack? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

What is a Stack? (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Implementation of the Stack ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Stack Instructions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Stack Example - 1 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Stack Instructions: Examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Stack Example - 2 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Additional Pentium Stack Instructions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Additional Pentium Stack Instructions (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Uses of the Stack ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Uses of the Stack (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Uses of the Stack (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Procedures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Instructions for Procedures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Instructions for Procedures (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pentium Instructions for Procedures (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

How Is Program Control Transferred? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Parameter Passing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Parameter Passing: Register Method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Pros and Cons of the Register Method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Parameter Passing: Stack Method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Accessing Parameters on the Stack ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Using BP Register to Access Parameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Clearing the Stack Parameters 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page Stack state after saving EBP Stack state after pop EBP Stack state after executing ret

Clearing the Stack Parameters (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Housekeeping Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Housekeeping Issues (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Housekeeping Issues (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Housekeeping Issues (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Housekeeping Issues (cont’d) 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page Stack state after pusha

Stack Frame Instructions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Stack Frame Instructions (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

A Typical Procedure Template ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Stack Parameter Passing: Examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Variable Number of Parameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Variable Number of Parameters (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Memory Layout of a Linux Process 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Local Variables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Local Variables (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Local Variables (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Local Variables: Examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Multiple Module Programs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

GLOBAL Assembler Directive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Example: GLOBAL Assembler Directive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

EXTRN Assembler Directive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

EXTERN Assembler Directive (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Performance: Procedure Overheads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page

Performance: Procedure Overheads (cont’d) 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page With sort procedure Without sort procedure

Performance: Local Variable Overhead 2005 To be used with S. Dandamudi, “Introduction to Assembly Language Programming,” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ,[object Object],Chapter 5: Page Local variables in stack Local variables in registers Last slide

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Al2ed chapter5