1. The document discusses various bleeding disorders, their causes, symptoms, and treatments. It describes disorders of platelets like idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and disorders of coagulation factors like hemophilia A. 2. Diagnostic tests for bleeding disorders include complete blood count, platelet count, aPTT, PT, and bleeding time. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include platelet transfusions, steroids, IVIG, splenectomy, clotting factor replacement, and controlling any precipitating conditions. 3. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be triggered by sepsis, trauma, malignancy and results from activation

1. Bleeding Disorders By Dr. Sabir M. Ameen

7. Clinical Features of Bleeding Disorders Platelet Coagulation disorders fac disorders Site of bleeding Skin Deep in soft tis. Mucous membranes (joints, musc) Petechiae Yes No Ecchymoses (“bruises”) Small, superficial Large, deep Hemarthrosis / muscle bleeding Extremely rare Common Bleeding after cuts & scratches Yes No Bleeding after surgery or trauma Immediate, Delayed1-2 d usually mild often severe

8. Platelet Coagulation Petechiae, Purpura Hematoma, Joint bl.

9. Petechiae Do not blanch with pressure (cf. angiomas) Not palpable (cf. vasculitis) (typical of platelet disorders)

10. Hemarthrosis

11. Hematoma

12. Petechiae

13. Purpura

14. Ecchymosis

41. Shortening of Achilles tendon