National and Global Public Inclusive Infrastructures_Gregg Vanderheiden
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![[object Object],[object Object],- I wish that we had a simple problem to present - and a simple solution. We don’t. It isn’t. - But we think we CAN create a solution that is simple to use rs, pub lic, and governme nt / policy – but, like a car, it will be simple only if you don’t look under the hood.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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National and Global Public Inclusive Infrastructures_Gregg Vanderheiden
- 1. National and Global Public Inclusive Infrastructures Gregg Vanderheiden Ph.D. Trace R&D Center University of Wisconsin- Madison Workshop at ONCE 2010-10-05
- 6. Situation and Approach Addressed by Assistive Technologies Addressed by Universal Design (built-in) Cannot fill the gap with government funded or philanthropic access efforts. Too large Need to grow the commercial AT and Built-in Access to address as much as possible using market mechanisms - and reserve government/philanthropic intervention for only those that market forces cannot address
- 7. National and Global Public Inclusive Infrastructures
Notas do Editor
- Understanding Policies and policy differences internationally around access issues Equitable DRM/Copyright/Access rules to ensure access AND author protection Service organizations optimists -- they are rapidly aging - could this help them and help revitalize them……
- {slide showing that AT addresses a slice (maybe 15% or so) – and UD addresses a slice (maybe 15% or so ) and the rest is unmet
- Model 1: Downloaded user agents Applications created under Model 1 are designed to be downloaded and installed on the user's computer. The FireVox and LowBrowse plug-ins to Mozilla Firefox are examples of this model. The IBM Home Page Reader would be another older example of this approach. This model takes advantage of the client computer's processing power in order to create faster response than server-based solutions. Additionally, these types of projects are currently the easiest to develop and deploy (especially the browser add-ons), since they require no added server side infrastructure. However, they require that users have permission to install and modify programs on every computer on which they may need access. NOTE: We are working on a special tool that does allow some downloadable agents to be run on a computer without installation to the disk. This approach is under development and works on some operating systems. It will not likely work on a heavily locked down system however without cooperation from the system. Model 2: On-Demand Web Services Model 2 represents web services that provide transformations on demand. DocAccess (which converts page images to text on demand) is an example of this approach. These services may be called automatically from content, by a user, or by other web services. The web services will perform conversions on web content that is sent to them; for example, they may translate images of text into accessible text, shift colors to accommodate a specific type of colorblindness, or convert text into audio. Because these services are hosted on a remote server, they have access to processing power beyond that of the host machine. They can also be used without any downloads or installation. Model 3: Proxy-based transcoding Model 3 projects are developing proxy services that interpret and re-present content on its way to the user. These solutions require some configuration by the user to allow content to pass through the proxy gateway, so the user must have permission to modify internet settings on his computer. After initial setup, however, the user may browse normally and automatically receive accessible pages as modified by the proxy. There are limitations however regarding secure socket layer (SSL) connections. There have also been copyright issues raised in connection with this approach. Model 4: Web-based user agents Model 4 projects include web-based access technologies that can be used anywhere, from any internet-enabled device. WebAnywhere is an example of this approach. With this approach processing is done at a remote server, accessed through a specified URL, and does not involve any downloads or installation at the user's computer. Because these solutions reside on the server instead of the user's computer, personalized settings can be retrieved wherever the user logs in. This approach is particularly effective for individuals without resources who often are accessing the web through other people's computers, libraries, or community centers. Hybrids It is possible to have solutions that involve aspects of all these approaches. This can take advantage of the strengths of the different approaches will avoiding some of their limitations. The 4 Models are useful in thinking about and discussing the projects and so they are used throughout this site.