Special topics

1. Conducting polymer actuators Pagilagan, Evan Mart P.

2. What is a Conducting polymer? Are organic polymers that conduct electricity. Generally not plastics. Can offer high electrical conductivity but do not show mechanical properties as other commercially used polymers do. The electrical properties can be fine-tuned using the methods of organic synthesis and by advanced dispersion techniques.

3. Types of Conducting Polymers Ionic Conductive Actuator - soft, small, and lightweight. - is flexible, made of polymer and metallic materials. - low voltage requirement, only 2V. The actuator element - motion can be controlled electrically. - soft as muscles. - light. - doesn’t generate sound upon operation. - Creation of the drive device from 0.1 mm to 10mm is possible. - combination of element results in living thing like movement.

4. - Power consumption is able to move few for a long time. - Although it is driven in water fundamentally, a drive in air is also possible by the design of containing water.

5. In air operation. Robot Hand

6. Conducting Polymer Actuator - expand and shrink with doping and dedoping. - electrochemically driven for actuation. - polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyphenylene, Polythiophene, Polyaniline, Poly(phenylenevinylene).

7. Polypyrrole (PPy)– conductive polymer - oxidation-reduction reaction when voltage is applied - redoxinduces ion flow into or out of polymer - flow in = expansion - requires electrolyte

9. “Wet” versus “Dry” actuation “Wet” – Ionic actuators. Utilize mobility or diffusion of ions. polymer-metal composites conductive polymers others . . . “Dry” – Electronic actuators. Utilize Coulomb forces. dielectric elastomers electrostrictive polymers others . . .

10. Electrostricted Polymers Electrostricted graft elastomers motion achieved through electrostriction applied electric field induces a change from one polarized direction to another, or one phase to another. flexible backbone polarized chain

11. Dielectric Elastomers elastomer film is sandwiched between compliant electrodes apply electric field: E = V/m Maxwell pressure: p = ee0E2 electrodes squeeze elastomer in thickness apply voltage V+

12. Dielectric Elastomers materials available off-the-shelf - 3M VHB acrylic tape - various silicone elastomers desired features - high dielectric constant and breakdown strength - low elastic modulus – high % elongation - thin film

13. Dielectric Elastomers 1 2 3 4 Increase performance through prestrain - stretch elastomer film in one planar direction - fix motion in prestrained direction - allow expansion in other planar direction during activation electrode V+ dielectric elastomer rigid constraints

15. ACTUATOR COMPARISON

16. REFERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_polymer http://www.eamex.co.jp/tech_e.html http://www.eamex.co.jp/denshi_hp/english/denshi_idex_e.htm web.me.com/daloy/LOY...Site/Polymer.../conducting%20polymers.ppt www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jfc/DR/F03/lectures/lec15/lec15.ppt