2. PATHOGEN. Organism that cause a disease. VIRULENCE. Ability to cause disease. PATHOGEN. Organism that cause a disease PRIMARY PATHOGEN. Organism that cause a disease almost every time it invades a healthy individual. SECONDARY PATHOGEN. Organism that cause a disease only if the immune response is impaired.
11. Flagellum H Ag Pili F Ag Capsule K Ag Cell wall O Ag Cell membrane Ribonucleo- protein Structure of a bacterium and the localization of important Ag Cell sap, enzymes
12. 0 Ag Lípid A Porin Cell membrane Cell wall polysaccharide Peptidoglycan (*NAG, NAM) Cell membrane KDO The basic structure of cell walls NAG= N -acetyl glucosamine NAM= N -acetyl muramic acid Gram-positive Gram-negative
15. CELL-SURFACE ANTIGENS Blood group Ag AB O RBC A A B B Rh Rh Factor (Rhesus macacus) A +/- B +/- AB +/- O +/-
16. CELL-SURFACE ANTIGENS MHC I Endogenous Ag MHC II Exogenous g MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX Nucleated cell
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19. DR. POLLY MATZINGER An innate sense of Danger The immune system has two questions to answer when faced with a potential pathogen. 1. Shall I respond?? 2. how does the immune system know what kind of response to make? Galadriel Mirkwood
20. 1 nm Glucose Angiotensin 1.03 kDa Albumin 66 kDa Inmunoglobulin G 160 kDa Fibrinogen 400 kDa Inmunoglobulin M 900 kDa Relative sizes of several Ag
21. EPITOPE OR ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT (immunodominant region of a molecule) Microorganism (huge Ag collection) epitope
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23. HAPTENS (Greek haptein = to grasp or fasten) DINITROPHENOL = (DNP) NOT IMMUNOGENIC BECAUSE < 1,000 Da
24. Native epitope Carrier protein Several epitopes attached to a peptide chain. DNP Hapten molecule
30. Bacteria or Food carrying epitope A Group A blood transfusion Severe transfusion reaction Food or bacteria Ag in diet carry epitopes that cross-react with blood group A. Animal of group blood O makes Ab to A epitope despite never having received group A red cells. Blood group O Ab to blood group A Ouch!!!
