This document discusses the history and technology of digital images. It begins by defining pixels and describing the two main types of digital images: black and white and color. It then provides a timeline of key developments in digital photography from the 1950s to the 2000s. These developments include the first digital camera in 1975 and the introduction of megapixel sensors and digital cameras for consumers in the 1990s. The document also describes the two main image sensors, CMOS and CCD, and provides examples of how digital image technology is used in fields like medicine, security, and the military. It focuses on the use of infrared technology in construction for detecting moisture, describing how infrared cameras work and the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Description of Digital Image. Pixels Definition. Types of Digital Images: B & W and Color. History of Digital Photography Technology. 2000s and Beyond. Two types of sensors in digital cameras: CMOS and CCD. Uses of Digital Image Technology in different fields. (Examples) Infrared Technology in Construction. What is an Infrared Thermograph? How an Infrared Camera works and detects moisture? Advantages and Disadvantages of Infrared Technology applied in Construction. Moisture Meter. Conclusions. Video. References.
3. DESCRIPTION OF DIGITAL IMAGE. Digital Image is an image composed of pixels.. Made up of small dots known as pi-xels (short for picture and elements). Each pixel represents the tiniest unit of the photographand is like a tiny dot of a particular color.
4. PIXELS. Are arranged in a regular pattern of rows and columns & it combine and form the entire image. The amount of pixels in a photograph determines the maximum size of the resulting image in print. A higher pixel number does not represent higher quality images.
9. In the 1960s as NASA began using digital signals in mapping the surface of the moon.
10. In 1975Steve Sassonbuilt a prototype for the world's first digital camera whichlater commercialized by Kodak.
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13. In 1988Fujireleased a type of device called DS-1P that digitally store images. Since then the popularity of (film cameras) decreased.
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15. 2000s AND BEYOND. Early 2000, Fujifilm released the FinePixS1 Pro, which was the first digital SLRto be directed at consumers in the timeline of digital photography technology. In 2001, Cannon introduced the EOS-1D and entered the world of professional digital SLRcameras. Two years later, Canon again upgraded image sensors thatcould detect 6.3megapixels. In 2004, Kodak announced it would no longer be producing film cameras. In 2004 While megapixel sensors detect up to 22 pixels, there were also camera phones that can sense up to 4 megapixels used on most cellular phones.
16. TWO TYPES OF SENSORS ARE USED IN DIGITAL CAMERAS: CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) and CCD (Charge-Coupled Device). CMOS sensors are less expensive than CCD and also require less power (the CCD requires more circuits) that’s why the latest digital cameras are based on CMOS sensors. Still, the majority of cameras use CCD. It is impossible to say which one is better because both of them have advantages and disadvantages. CCDs CMOs
17. Indeed, there seems to be no end to digital photography technology. Today, over 40 years after the invention of the CCDto sense light color and intensity, there are millions of cameras stored everywhere – from a Digital SLR, right down to the camera in our mobile phone. This technology is incredibly versatile, and still is a hugely important part of photography today.
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20. Law enforcement agencies use this technology for tracking and spotting criminals. They have specific software that can identify and recognize the identification of each person through fingerprint readers, geometry and size of the palm of the hands, iris scan, facial recognition, etc.
21. USES OF DIGITAL IMAGE TECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT FIELDS. THERMAL IMAGING SYSTEMS: Have been used many years by the military to detect and identify enemy personnel, equipment and other type targets. Fighter planes, helicopters, and types of missiles use thermal imaging for targeting.
22. INFRARED TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION. Uses of Infrared Thermograph in construction where temperature differences can be seen while water is evaporating. Surfaces that are wet are cooler than their surrounding area and the detection of these differences can be very useful in the water damage mitigation field. These two glasses visually appear the same. Thermal imaging with an infrared camera. “Paints a different picture.”
23. INFRARED TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION. What is an Infrared Thermograph? Is an electronic technique for capturing and creating an image of thermal emissions from surfaces. Thermal cameras do not see moisture rather the surface temperature difference and most IR (Infrared) cameras produce a live TV like image. Thermal imaging has been used in the building industry to find problems with building materials, components, and material installation problems. These inspections include water intrusion problems, HVAC leaks, roofing leaks, electrical inspection and many others.
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25. By viewing the hottest and coldest areas, inspectors can collect valuable data about the building envelope.
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27. INFRARED TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION. Advantages. Quick and Non-Intrusive. Does not require relocation of the occupant or the occupant’s contents. Illustrative Visual Presentation of Findings and also confirmation of Failure Points & Moisture Migration Paths. Areas of insufficient insulation become more apparent when viewed through an infrared camera and can be visually documented, as well. Once a solid difference in temperature has been established between the interior and exterior of the house, insulation defects can be viewed by the camera. With the warmer or cooler air from the outside flowing into the house through the cracks and holes, inspectors can use thermal imaging to locate the sources of these air leaks.
31. CONCLUSIONS. Cameras are widely used to monitor and record various activities on a construction site. The images produced by the cameras can be processed with digital imaging techniques to help project participants to get a better understanding of the status of the project. Digital camera technology is currently in a state of rapid improvement and change. It is difficult, therefore, to give specific recommendations that will be valid for more than a few months. Important general aspects are of course image quality and the availability of a live image on the computer screen, so that precise focusing is possible.
